Yew (lat. Taxus) - ka moʻomeheu hoʻolālā o ka ʻohana Yew. Ua loaʻa ia i kahi lāʻau a i ka nahele paha, e hilinaʻi ana ia no kekahi o ʻewalu mau ʻano. Nui nā ʻano conifers, i kapa ʻia ʻo yews, aia ma ʻEulopa a me Asia, hoʻokahi ma North Africa. ʻO ka hua hau hau e kū aʻe i ka mamao ma ka Hikina mamao a me Norewai. Hoʻolaha koke aku nā holoholona hihiu o ka yew, a me nā māla e nā māla e hoʻonui, no ka mea e pono ka mālama liʻiliʻi a kūpono hoʻi i ka pae ʻāina.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau Yew
Aia nā Yew i nā lālā ākea me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo uliuli uliuli, i hoʻokumu ʻia i kahi aniani a i ʻole ke ʻano cylindrical o ka lei, kahi manamana o kekahi mau peaks. Kanu nā shrub ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 10 m ke kiʻekiʻe, a me nā lāʻau 20 m a i ʻole. Kuhi ʻia kahi māla lāʻau ʻulaʻula e pili ana iā 4 m mauʻu i uhi ʻia me nā paina liʻiliʻi. Ma nā mea kanu o ka wahine wahine, ʻokiʻoki ʻulaʻula 5-8 mm ka ake ʻana i ka nani nani i nā greens mako, ka mea e hana ai i nā pua kāne i ka lehelehe cones kaulana ʻole.
ʻO ka mahele o kekahi hapa o nā mea e pili ana i nā mea kuʻuna, e hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā mea olakino, no laila e pale ʻia ka yew e nā luna kaiāulu.
ʻO ka palupalu palupalu i loaʻa i ka lāʻau lāʻau a maikaʻi ʻole. Ma muli o kona like ʻole a me ka pale i ka palaʻuwā, ʻike mau ka lāʻau i nā wahi o ka ulu a me ka hala ʻole o ka lā. Hana ʻia nā mea hana mai ka lāʻau yew a ua kūkulu ʻia nā hale lāʻau.
ʻO nā ʻano a me nā ʻano like o ka yew
| Ka nānā ʻana | Krone | Nā hiʻona / Kākau | Ke kiʻekiʻe, m |
| Berry | Cylindrical, ovoid, i kekahi manawa multi-vertex. | Loaʻa ia ma nā ululāʻau o Caucasian mauna, ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa. Pono nā Duplex i nā lateral a iʻaʻi i nā lālā luna. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo o ke keʻokeʻo, ʻōkuhi ma mua o ka velvety me ka ʻeleʻele ma ke kua. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻulaʻula ulaula i ka lāʻau, hina ʻole, me nā wahi hina.
| 1,7-2,7 |
| Kanaka | ʻRamlelo. | Lulu kūpaʻa kūlike Frost i ulu ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ʻAmelika. Ua uhi ʻia nā kumulāʻau e piʻi me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo pale ākea.
| 1-2 |
| Loko | Oval, ākea, luʻu. | Ulu ia ma ka Far East a me Iapana. ʻO nā kapa ʻeleʻele a ʻehā nā hua ʻeleʻele hoʻi a heʻeleʻele, a mai lalo o ka uhi ʻalaʻula. ʻŌpala melemele ma ke kihi ʻākau i lalo i ka brown. Nā kumulāʻau o kahi kumulāʻau uliuli kukui. ʻO nā ʻano iho Shrubby a i 1,5 m.
| 0,7-2 |
| Puʻupuʻu iki | Hoʻohui, pin-shaped. | ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi kumulāʻau mai ʻAmelika Huipū ʻia me nā lālā pā e ulu kū ana i ka ʻōpala. Kāleka ʻaila ʻāpana poli 20 mm ka lōʻihi. ʻUlaʻula nā hua. Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Shrub a i ka 5 m ke kiʻekiʻe. | 1,5-2,5 |
| Waimea | Wili, puni. | ʻO nā pāpaho ka ʻelua mau lālani, lōʻihi 28 mm, me kahi ʻōnipo median maopopo. Ke piʻi ʻana i nā lālā ʻoliva, ma nā kihi o kahi ʻulaʻulaʻula. Hewa kūpū.
| 5 |
ʻO nā mea kanu waho
I ke kūkulu hema a me ke kūkulu hema, ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā hua yew e wehe i ka ʻāina mai ka hoʻomaka o ka ʻāʻī a hiki i ka hopena o ʻOkakopa. K kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā aʻa i pani i ka hopena o ʻAukake i ka pule. I ka manawa like, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e kanu i kahi mea kanu lāʻau i ka wā anuanu. Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ka wā holoʻokoʻa mai ʻAukake 15 a hiki i nā lā o ka hopena i hala, ua manaʻo ʻia he mea kūpono ia no ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau a lāʻau paha.
I ke koho ʻana i kahi no ka lāʻau, pono e lawe i nā mea nui i mea e ʻae ai i kahi ʻoihana ikaika a maikaʻi hoʻi. ʻAʻole makemake ʻo Yew i ka wai momona a me ka nui o ka lepo. No ka kanu mua ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi ʻāina i hoʻopulapula ʻia me nā minerala a me nā mea kanu pono no ka mea kanu lāʻau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kahi laʻa iā ʻoe iho e hoʻohana ana i ka pit, turf a me ke one hina i kahi pālua o 2: 3: 2. Maanei hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohui i ke kōmala hoʻohālikelike.
ʻO kahi lua me kahi hohonu o 70-75 cm no ke kanuʻana i kahi mea kanu'ōpiopio e pono me kahi o ka punawai wai o 20 cm a me kahi hoʻohui ʻāina momona. E like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka pā hauā mai nā kahawai a i ʻole nā mea i kahala o ka 0.5-50 mm. 
Kanaka
I ka waiho ʻana i ka mea kanu me ka lepo i ka lua, pono ʻoe e hoʻopiha me ka lepo mākaukau a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i paʻa ai ke kua o ke aʻa ma luna o ka ʻili. A laila pono pono ʻoe i ka wai nui. Manaʻo ʻia e pīpī i ka honua a puni ka ʻōpala me kahi papa mulch mai ka compost.
Ke hoʻohana nei i nā lālani a i nā pā liʻiliʻi paha mai ka yew ma ke kīhāpai o ke kīlaʻi, ʻeli nā kāpili o ka hohonu hohonu i ka lepo, a kanu ʻia nā mea kanu ma kahi mamao o 150-200 cm a 50-70 cm paha, kēlā.
I nā makahiki mua, pono ke mālama ʻia ka lāʻau i kanu ʻia mai nā ʻūlū pinepine o ka makani, a i ʻole e koho i kahi no ka kanu ʻana me nā hana ʻole. 
Berry
ʻO Yew mālama ma ka māla
ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka mea mōʻīlio ka hana maʻalahi, akā no ka ulu ola pono pono nō e hana i nā hana pale e pale ai i ka ulu lāʻau mai nā pōpoki a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe wela loa.
Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai
Pono e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā ʻōpio i kēlā me kēia mahina, a ʻaʻole pono nā mākua (ma luna o 3 mau makahiki) i ka wai hou. Hiki i kā lākou pālahalaha punahele ke hoʻoili i nā meaʻai mai nā wahi hohonu o ka lepo.
Polio
Manaʻo ʻia e wehe i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pilina o ka mea kanu pinepine mai ka nāhelehele pinepine, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea kanu hou. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ka hohonu o ka honua a puni ka lāʻau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke pīpī me ka papakū o mulch 10 cm mai kahi sawdust a peat. E hōʻemi kēia i ka hopena o ka maʻi yew.
ʻOi aku ka lole
ʻO ka makahiki ma hope o ka hana ʻana i ka mea kanu mua i ka manawa kanu yew, pono e ʻōlelo hou ʻia ka lua. Ma ke kau ʻana o ke kolamu laula keu makahiki, kūpono nā agrochemical, ma kahi o ia mau mea i koi ʻia no ka ulu lāʻau - potassium, nitrogen a me ka phosphorus. No ka hoʻohālikelike, e pono ʻo Nitroammofoski e loaʻa iā 70 g no ka 1 m2, a me Kemira, nona ka selenium, 100 g no ka 1 m2.
Kākau
I kekahi mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau a lāʻau ʻole paha, ʻaʻole pono nā mea kanu. ʻO nā lālā wale nō ka maloo, maloʻo a maʻi ʻole paha ke koi ʻia e neʻe. Ke kīaʻi ka pua a me nā pua, e hana ai i kahi pae maikaʻi, pono e pōkole ʻia e ka hapa ʻekolu o ka lōʻihi. He mau keiki lāʻau ʻoi aku ma mua o 7 mau makahiki a kū kū ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo ka lōʻihi pokole o nā lālā, hoʻomau ka ulu. Pono e hana i ka mea kanu liʻiliʻi i ka wā mua ma mua o ke ala ʻana o nā pua mua.
Kāikela
ʻAʻohe paʻakikī i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka makahiki. Pono ʻoe e hana i kēia i ka pūnāwai. Hoʻohālike ka ʻenehana e like me ke kanu ʻana i kahi lāʻau. Hoʻomaka ʻia kahi lua me nā ʻāpana o 15-20 cm ma mua o kahi ʻāpana ʻeleʻele me kahi kumulāʻau, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka papa kahawai o 20 cm a piha i kahi ʻano momona momona. Noho ka ʻāʻī ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao a ua pīpī ʻia me ka mulch. A laila pono ʻoe i ka hoʻōla nui me ka ʻaihue lole laʻa. 
Puʻupuʻu iki
Hoʻoilo
Hoʻopauʻo Yew i kahi hau hau a maloʻi ʻo ia i ka maʻi hypothermia i ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai inā me nā uhi hau kaumaha. Inā i ka hoʻoilo he liʻiliʻi hau, pono pono e pale i ka moʻomeheu mai ka manuahi. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hoʻonohonoho i ka pā e puni ana i ka ʻāpana a uhi iā ia me nā mea hanu e like me ka spandbond. Mai hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻonaninani a pale paha, no laila ʻaʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka pōʻino mai ka nui o ka umauma i ka pūnāwai. Ke hoʻomoahana ka ʻāina i ka lawa, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i ka mea uhi.
No ka hiki ke hoʻonā i ka lā hihiu wai e hōʻeha i nā pono a me nā ʻōpio yew, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana i ka kumulāʻau mai kā lākou hopena.
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha
ʻOiai kahi mea kanu ulu ʻole ʻole, e like me ka yew, e maʻi nei i nā kūlana ulu ʻole e ulu ai - me ka nui o ka wai a me ka pale. ʻAʻole hōʻoia ka moʻomeheu i nā lāʻau kuʻuna maʻamau.
| ʻO ka pilikia | ʻO ke kumu | Nā hana hoʻohuli |
| Hōʻalo nā lālā a me nā ʻulaʻula, ʻeleʻele, maloʻo. | ʻO ka komo ʻana o nā pōpoki coniferous: yew pseudoscapes, puna i nā lau-ʻula-pono, kahi ʻono paina. | ʻO kēlā me kēia puna, e pīpī i ka ʻoki a me nā lālā me kahi hopena o Nitrafen. I ka loaʻa hou ʻana o ka lālani, pono ke mālama ʻia i ka wahi ma ka ʻāpana he wahi pepeke ʻo Rogor, e hoʻihoʻi hou i ka hoʻolaʻu hou ma hope o 12 lā. |
| Pahu aku ke kolamu brown i nā pūlaa, huli nā ʻāpana, hina. Kūle nā lālā a hāʻule. | ʻO nā maʻi: Fusarium, necrosis, brown shute. Hele i ka mua o ka pohō o ka ʻōpala o ke ʻōpala a me nā maʻi me nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole. | E hoʻolei i ka wai nui o ka wai i ka pōʻai a kokoke e waiho i nā ʻōpala palupalu i loko o ka lepo ma o 30 cm. E hoʻoulu i ka lāʻau me kahi biofungicide, kiʻekiʻe i ke keleawe, ʻelua i ka makahiki - i ka mua a me ka hopena o ka manawa. |
Yew pana
ʻO ke ala maikaʻi ʻo ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka yew i manaʻo ʻia he mea ola nāu. ʻO ke kumu ʻo ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana o nā hua - he pūlei paʻakikī no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole ia e ʻala i ka hua. 
Loko
Hoʻōla pālaʻi
E kanu pono ʻia nā hua heu ma hope o ka ohi ʻana o ka hōʻuluʻulu, ʻoiai mai hoʻokahi makahiki ʻaʻole lākou kūpono hou. Hoʻopili ʻia lākou mai nā hua reddened, holoi a maloʻo. No ka hoʻohemo ʻana o ka ʻili paʻakikī i ka ulu ʻana, pono lākou e mālama ʻia i ka lāʻau. No kēia, kanu ʻia nā huaʻala no 30 mau minuke i ka hoʻonā o ka waikona sulfur, a laila holoi a kanu ʻia i ka māka ākea.
No ka mea e hoʻolōʻihi i ka mea kanu, pono ka loli i nā hua yew i ke ʻano mahana a me ke anu. Ma hope o ka holoi ʻana me ka waikawa, kāwili ʻia nā huaʻala me ke one a ka sawdust a i ʻō i loko o nā ʻeke palaka no ʻeono mau mahina me kahi mahana o +5 ° C. I ka pūnāwai, holoi ʻia a kanu ʻia i loko o nā pahu, e ʻae ana i ka +20 ° C e ulu i loko o ka mālamalama. I ka hopena mua, ua lawe ʻia nā pahu i loko o ka māla, ua paakiki a hoʻoulu ʻia i ka lepo no ka ulu ʻana.
Hoʻōlaʻi mea kanu
No nā kumulāʻau a me nā mea kikowaena yew, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka papa ʻōlelo pae maikaʻi loa. Ma hope o 3-6 mahina, e aʻa ka lālā. E ʻoki pono i ka hana o ke kuahiwi, ma ka wā o ka wā i hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka makuahine. 
Waimea
ʻO ka ʻokiʻoki ke makemake ʻia i ke ala e hoʻolaha ai, inā hoʻi i ka puna, ma mua o ka ala ʻana. Ma luna o nā ʻoki ʻoki ʻoki me kahi kuʻekuʻe, e hoʻonui mai ana i ka ʻoki nui. A laila ua kanu lākou no ka mea kanu i loko o kahi hāpī maloʻo, kahi i ka one, coniferous bark, peat a me ka perlite. He mea nui ia e mālama i ka orientation mua o nā lālā a ʻaʻole e hoʻohuli iā lākou.
Kūleʻa maikaʻi nā ʻokiʻoki ma ka pae wela loa o + 18 ... +23 ° C, ke kukui maʻalahi a me ka lepo o ka lepo.
Hoʻomaopopo ʻo Mr. Dachnik: ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka yew a me nā waiwai pono nona
I nā kenekulia i hala aku nei, ua ʻoki ʻia nā kiʻi ʻehā e hana i nā mea lako hale a me nā mea ponoʻi mai ka lāʻau ākea a me ka paʻa, ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka ikaika i ke kedera. Eia kekahi, ua mahalo ʻia ka hopena bactericidal o nā mea yew i ka hale. No ka mea, ʻaʻole i huluhulu nā kukama aila. Ma muli o kēia, aneane pau loa ka yew i kēia manawa, pale ʻia i kēia manawa i loko o nā mālama kūlohelohe.
Hiki i ke kumulā yew laau ke ola i 400-500 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku me nā kahe i loko o ke kāʻei, ʻo nā aerial wai e hana hou i nā kaʻina hou, a hui pū ʻia me nā lālā kahiko, e hoʻomau i ke ola o ka lāʻau. ʻO kahi kinohi mai nā pulupulu i manaʻo ʻia he mea make maikaʻi loa, aia ka huaʻa thaksin mai ke ʻano o nā alkaloids e hiki ai ke pepehi i kekahi kanaka a holoholona paha. Hoʻohana ʻia ka tincture o nā pono i ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau homeopathic.
ʻOi ka ʻenry kōleʻa i kūpono no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā ʻāina o ka māla, no nā mea e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo uliuli ʻulaʻula a me nā hua lahilahi nui. Hiki i ka hiki ke ʻoki i nā lālā pōkole e ulu i nā māla e ulu i nā pā nani, e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i kekahi ʻano. ʻO nā ʻano hua ʻala me nā lālā milo ke manaʻo ʻia he kūpili maikaʻi loa ia, ʻo ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o ka uhi hau.
