Ua kūʻaiʻia nā lālā no ka pipi no kekahi manawa.
I loko o nā kauhale he nui eʻikeʻoe i nā bipi kauō, i aloha nuiʻia e nā mea nona lākou.
I kēia lā, uaʻoi aku ka nui o nā bipi aʻoi aʻe ma kahi o 1200 i ka honua, akā, aia i waena o lākou heʻokoʻa i ka waiu, ka meaʻai a me ka waiu, a me nā holoholona meaʻai.
No nā makahiki he nui, ua hoʻoholoʻia nā bipi a nā holoholona he nui i kāpae i nā hapa kūponoʻole.
No laila,ʻo kēia mau pōhaku, aʻo nā wahiʻekolu a pau, i kēia manawa i kaulana loa.
E noʻonoʻo iā lākou kokoke.
Breed "Kazakh keʻokeʻo"
Uaʻikeʻia kēiaʻano pua bipi mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kenekulia 20. Ua hānaiʻia e nā poʻe holoholona holoholona mai Kazakhstan ma o ke kālepaʻana i nā bipi me nā kauhale o Hereford.
Mahaloʻo ia i nāʻano o "nā mākua"ʻo Kazakh i nā ululāʻau keʻokeʻo nui loa ae hōʻoiaʻiʻo pono i ko lākou inoa no ka bipi kau.
ʻOiai he bipi pipi kēia, a laila kūpono ke kumukānāwai o nā holoholona. ʻO ka momona nui o kēiaʻano heʻeleʻele, a laila keʻokeʻo nā kino o ke kino e like me nā wāwae, ka wili o ka huelo, ke poʻo, ka'ōpū, a me ka dewlap.
ʻO ke kino o nā bipi a me nā bipi o kēiaʻano heʻanoʻano keʻano keʻano keʻano o keʻano o keʻano o keʻano o ka pahu.
Hoʻokumuʻia nā mākulo maikaʻi, iwi ikaika. He pōkole nā liʻiliʻi akā he mana. ʻO kaʻili e hoʻopiliʻia i ka hale, ua hoʻopau maikaʻiʻia kaʻiʻo o ke kino. i ke kauwela, he pōkole ka hulu hipa o kēia mau bipi, e hoʻonani ana i ka lā, a maʻalahi i ka hoʻopāʻana.
I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻonui kaʻili, ua lōʻihi ka lauoho, i kekahi manawa nānā.
Hiki i nā kau ke loaʻa i ka kaumaha nui o 540 - 580 kg, akā i kekahi manawa ola hiki ke kaumaha i 800 kg.
ʻAʻole hiki i nā kīʻaha ke loaʻa i ka 950 kg. He maikaʻi loa ka hana hana o kaʻoihana. I hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki i hoʻokahi bipi ke hana mai ka 1000 a 1500 kg o ka waiū me ka momona o kahi kokoke i 4%.
ʻO ka pipi keʻokeʻo kazakh (90-96%). Inā maikaʻi ia i ka bipi momona, a laila, 60-65% ka hapeneka o ka meaʻai mai ka nui o ka nui.
ʻO kēiaʻano pua bipi he mea kūponoʻole i kaʻai, hoʻololi koke i nā hoʻololi o ka wela, a me ka wikiwiki i ka loaʻaʻana o ke kaumaha.
Ināʻoi nui ka momona o nā holoholona'ōpio, a laila ma ka 15-18 mahina ke piʻi lākou i 450-470 kg i ke kaumaha.
Hoʻohana ponoʻia kaʻili o nā bipi o kēia mau holoholona i kaʻoihana kūpono no ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻeleʻele kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o ka lawaʻole o ka uluʻana o ka musculature,ʻo kaʻiʻo o nā bipi o kēiaʻano he mea momona o ka momona, akā, heʻoluʻolu.
'Āina "Hereford"
Ua manaʻoʻia kēiaʻano heʻano holoholona nui loa i hānaiʻia e hānai i kaʻiʻo. ʻO kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o kēia mau bipi he kumu, akā, heʻano keʻokeʻo kekahi hapa o ke kino.
Ua'ōwiliʻia kēia mau bipi e like me kā lākou meaʻai. ʻO keʻano o ke kino i loko o kēia mau bipi heʻanoʻano kalahala, ma ka mea nui, ua nui ka nui, ua nānā ikiʻia i lalo.
Hōʻike maikaʻiʻo Fench. He ākea ka hope, lōʻihi ka lōʻihi. He hohonu ka umauma. ʻAʻole pōkole nā pepeiao, akā uaʻeleʻele. Aia kahi pu ma kaʻili. ʻO kaʻili he lahilahi ia a he keu.
ʻO ka paona o ka bipi kāne nui e hiki mai ke 850 kilokalo i ka 1, a me nā bipi mai 550 a 650 kg.
Pili pinepineʻia nā bipi i ka hele e hele. ʻO lākou pū kekahi Loaʻa koke ke kaumaha. ʻO kaʻiʻo he "marble" maoli,ʻo keʻano kiʻekiʻe. No 60% o ka mea kau i ka bipi kau.
ʻO nā pipi o kēiaʻohana he mea paʻakikī, ʻAʻole pono kaʻike kūikawā, ua palekana i nā maʻi maʻi pipi, a ua loli koke i nā wahi hou a iʻole keʻano heiau.
ʻO kēia mau bipi ua ola lōʻihi, no ka mea, hiki iā lākou ke ola i ka 15 a 18 mau makahiki, aʻo ka hoʻonui i ke ola i mālamaʻia ma kahi o ka pae hoʻokahi.
ʻAno he nui lākou maikaʻi,ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke paʻi i kahi kanaka. Ke hiki i kahi hānai holoholonaʻo Hereford, hiki ke mālamaʻia i ka nui o ke kālā ma kaʻai, no ka mea e hiki i kēia mau holoholona keʻai i nā mea kanu i ke kula,ʻo ia hoʻi,ʻo ka nahelehele a me ka mauʻu.
No ka mea he bipi pipi,ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻiliʻiliʻia nā bipi o kēiaʻohana, akā i ka laʻauʻana, hiki i ka bipi ke hana i kahi 1000 - 1200 kg o ka waiū me ka momona o 4%.
Hoʻohui "Bestuzhevskaya"
Ua hānaiʻia kēiaʻano puaʻa no ka wā lōʻihi - ma ka waena o ke kenekulia 18. ʻO ke kumu Aia nā holoholona a pau,ʻo ia hoʻi kaʻiʻo a me ka lawaiʻa.
He ula ka pane nui, akā, hiki ke hoʻololi keʻano. I kekahi manawa, aia nā bipi kauō me keʻanoʻili. Hiki i nā'āpana o ke kino keʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo.
I loko o kēia mau holoholona, ua hui likeʻia nā mea a pau me ka lokahi - a me nā mākō maikaʻi, a me nāʻano o ke kino. ʻO ka kino o kēia mau bipi kauō a he volumous.
He liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, ua pōkole ka'ā'ī,ʻo ke kua i kahi laina pololei. He pōkole nā wāwae, hana lākou i ke kūpono kūpono no keʻano hoʻokomo. I kekahi manawa, hiki iāʻoe keʻike i nā mea i hoʻohālikeʻia ko lākou mau wāwae e like me ka saber, ka mea e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i kēia mau holoholona.
He palupalu kaʻili, he pono. ʻO ka'ōpū a puni a iʻole ke kīʻaha, ua'ōlelo maikaʻiʻia nā lobes, a ua nui ka nui o ka nui o ka maha. Hoʻonoho pololeiʻia nā nipples.
No ka kaumaha, hiki i nā bipi ke loaʻa i kahi o ka nui o ke kaumaha o ke kino, akāʻaʻole nui ka nui o nā bipi wahine, he 500 - 530 kg.
Milk, hāʻawi nui kēia mau bipi i ka nui, he 3,000 - 5000 kg i kēlā me kēia makahiki me ka momona i ka 4%. Ke pepehiʻia 60% o ke kaumaha ma luna o kaʻiʻo.
He kūlana maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o nā bipi wahine maikaʻi loa ʻaʻoleʻoe e koi i kahi kūikawā kūikawāI ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke hānaiʻia iā lākou me ka'ōpili,ʻaʻole lākou e pili i ka papa inoa o nā maʻi. ʻO ka hoʻoikaika i ka maʻi leukemia a me ka maʻi kahe he mea hoʻoilina.
Hoʻohui "Simmental"
Hoʻokomoʻia nā bipi pipi no ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻiʻo a me ka waiū. ʻO ka'āina hānau o kēia mau holoholonaʻo Switzerland.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lālā Simmental he laulā aʻeleʻele paha, akā, aia kekahi mauʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula a ulaʻula paha a me ke poʻo keʻokeʻo. Inā maʻemaʻe ka holoholona, ka ihu, nā hooves a me nā pepeiaohao e lilo i keʻokeʻo aiʻole ka'ōmaʻomaʻo.
ʻO ke kino o kēia mau bipi i'ōwiliʻia a like a like. ʻO ke poʻo, he nui, heʻano kelepona, he laulā. He hohonu ka umauma, he ikaika nā iwi, a he ākea ka hope.
ʻO nā māno i loko o nā holoholona o kēia lāhui e ulu nei me ka maikaʻi. ʻO kēia mau bipi kauōʻeleʻele, me ka'āpana o ka nui nui a me nā niho liʻiliʻi nui. Paona ʻO lākou Loaʻa i ka'āpanaEia kekahi laʻana, hiki ke kaulike ka kau o ka bipi i 620 kg, a hiki i nā bipi keʻai a hiki i ka 1 ton.
Me ka momona momona ka maikaʻi loa. Ma muli o ka ulu maikaʻiʻana o nāʻiʻo i loko o kaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka 12% ka momona. No ka hanaʻana i ka waiū,ʻo ia nā mea kaulike e hilinaʻiʻia ma ka puʻu kahi e hānaiʻia ai nā bipi.
I ke anuanu'ōhū, e hāʻawi ka bipi i ka nui o ka nui o ka waiū - 4000-5000 kg.
ʻO nā holoholona kēia i lalo loa, mālie, ikaika, aʻaʻole hoʻi i hoʻopiliʻia e nā maʻi lehulehu.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o nā kau o Simmental ka ulu ulu o nāʻiʻo, mahalo i keʻano momonaʻole o kaʻiʻo. Akā ua'ōlelo paha kekahi mau holoholona i nā meaʻinoʻole o kēiaʻano. Eia kekahi lā, aia nā bipi ma kahi ua hoʻonohoʻia nā wāwae hewa, ho'ēmi i hope a iʻole i hoʻokomoʻia i mua o ka'āpana.
He meaʻoluʻolu nō hoʻi e heluhelu e pili ana i nāʻano momona o nā bipi i ke ala.
Mamuli "Auliekol"
Uaʻike kokeʻia kēiaʻano'ōpiopio a loaʻa i nā aʻa o Kazakh. ʻO ke kumu o kēiaʻohana e pili ana i nā lālā kūpono o kēiaʻano holoholona - Sharolese,'Aberdeen-Angus pipi a me nā pipi. Ua mālamaʻia kēiaʻano i nā koho maʻamau, no laila e hiki ai ke laweʻia mai i kahi kokoke i nā kūlana o ka honua.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, kēia mau bipi a pau loa ʻaʻohe pepeiaohao,ʻo 70% o nā komoly pipi. ʻO kaʻaʻahu nui o kēia mau holoholona he hinaʻeleʻele.
Kūkulu ka hale me ka pahu pahu. No ka hoʻoilo, hoʻonuiʻia nā holoholona i ka lauoho lauoho, kahi e pale ai i ka nui o nā holoholona. Ma muli o kēia, ua hoʻohanohanoʻia kēiaʻano ma ka'āpana'ākau, i kahi o ka hoʻoilo, e emi iho ka nui o ka mahana, akā,ʻaʻole e kaumaha nui nā kau.
Hoʻomaka ka uluʻana o nā bipi auliekol i ka wikiwiki. Hiki i nā'ōpū ke kaumaha aku ma mua o ka 1 mau, a hiki i nā kau bipi ke loaʻa kaʻelima he 550 kilokani o ke kaumaha. Ma muli o ka uluʻana o nāʻiʻo ʻo kaʻiʻo o kēia mau bipi i ke kaumaha i nā caloriemaikaʻi maikaʻi. Paʻa 60% o ka nui o ka nui o nā pipi he mea maʻa.
ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻololi i nā holoholona o kēia lāhui he maikaʻi loa ia. Hiki iā lākou ke ola mau i kaʻinoʻino.
ʻO kahiʻano o kēiaʻano pipi kaʻili o kaʻili ʻaʻole ma 2 - 3 'āpana, akā ma 4 - 5. No ka hānaiʻana i nā holoholona no ka ponoʻole, eʻai iki i nā mauʻu. Ke aloha nui nei i ka heleʻana, aʻaʻole hoʻi e koi i nā kūlana kūikawā no ka mālama a mālamaʻana.
Hoʻohui "Red Steppe"
ʻO ke kumu nui o nā pipi o kēiaʻano puaʻa, akā, aia nō nā bipi a me nā bipi kāne, nā mea i maʻalahi no ka lukuʻana i ka meaʻai a loaʻa kahi hua maikaʻi.
Ma muli o ka momona nui o kēiaʻano bipi a heʻulaʻula, ua hāʻawiʻia ka inoa o kēia mau holoholona me ka like. I kekahi manawa,ʻokoʻa ke kala, akā, ke kani mai ka'ōmaʻomaʻo i keʻokeʻo. He keʻokeʻo ka'ōpū a me nā wāwae. Ma nā bipi, e pōʻeleʻele ka hope a me ka sternum.
Uaʻikeʻia ka "milkiness" o kēia pipi. He māmā ka iwi hope loa o lākou, a he lōʻihi ke kukui a he poʻo iki. Heʻuʻuku ke poʻo, heʻeleʻele a he lōʻihi ka'ā'ī, ma luna o ia mea hiki iāʻoe keʻike i nā'āpana he nui. Heʻuʻuku ke ākea o ka iwiʻaoʻao, akā i ka manawa hoʻokahi, hohonu.
ʻAʻole kokoke i hoʻomohalaʻia ka papa. ʻO ka malo mai ka laulā o ka laulā, lōʻihi, i ka manawa e ala ai ka sacrum. ʻO ka'ōpū he volumous, akā, ikaika nā mākia o ka pāpana abdominal, no lailaʻaʻole e kau ke peritoneum. Ua pololei a ikaika nā lelo. ʻO ka'ōpū ka poepoe, maikaʻiʻia, ka liʻiliʻi a me ka nui, ferruginous.
Aia kekahi poʻe me ka mea iʻikeʻoleʻia i ka mea iʻikeʻoleʻia, a me ka hapa o kāna mau waiwai, aʻaʻole paha i pololei ka hua.
ʻO ka pīpī uila ulaʻula e hoʻohana wikiwikiʻia i nā mea āpau, i kaʻinoʻole. ʻAʻole weliweli ka wela a me ka lau maloʻo no kēia mau holoholona. Nā hele wāwae no lākou kōkua nuino ka mea hiki iā lākou keʻai i nā lau nahele.
Hiki ke hoʻopauʻia ka waho i kahi pahu a iʻole nā lālā i kūponoʻole.
Hoʻokumu nā'ōpū o nā bipi kaupae ulaʻula, aʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ke kaumaha. Ināʻoi aku ka nui o ka bipi iʻoi aku iʻekolu manawa, a laila ua like kona kaumaha ma waena o 450 a me 510 kg.
ʻO kēlā mau bipi, nā mea i hoʻohanaʻia no ka hoʻopiliʻana, ua momona nuiʻia, no laila, hiki ke kaumaha i 800-900 kg. ʻO ka waihona waiū o nā heifers o kēiaʻano he 3500-4000 kg o ka waiū o 4% momona.
ʻAlaʻia "Brown Schwyzka"
Ua hānaiʻia kēia mau holoholona ma Switzerland i ka kenekulia 14. Ua lilo ka lālā i kumu no nāʻanoʻano'ē aʻe he nui i kaulana loa i nā kahu puaʻa.
ʻO nā bipi o kēia'ōpū he lahilahi i keʻano keʻokeʻo, akāʻano'ē ke aka - he mālamalama a he pouli. Ma nā bipi,ʻeleʻele kaʻaoʻao mua o ke kino.
ʻO lākou wale nō nā holoholona nui, ikaika. He lōʻihi ke kino. ʻOiai he poʻo liʻiliʻi ke poʻo, he nui ka lae, he mau lōʻihi a he pouli hoʻi nā pepeiao. Heʻuʻuku ka'ā'ī.
He momona ka pahu, kanuʻia i ka hohonu, ua hoʻolālā maikaʻiʻia ka dewlap, aʻo ka hope hoʻi ua hana i kahi laina papa. Udder nui liʻiliʻi, puni a iʻole ke kīʻaha. Nā iwi ikaika. Ua liʻiliʻi nā liʻiliʻi, akā ua ikaika, hoʻonoho pololeiʻia.
Hoʻokumu maikaʻiʻia nāʻiʻo. He kino kaʻili o kaʻili, akā, he lahilahi a me ka'ōpala, ka mānoanoa, aia ka puʻupuʻu pōkole ma luna o ke kino.
Hiki i nā bipi makua ke helu i 800 kg, a me kahi bipi - a hiki i ka 1 ton. ʻO ka huaʻai he 60% ka nui. ʻOi ka maikaʻi o kaʻiʻo. ʻO ka'ōmaʻa maʻamau o ka waiū he 3,500-5,000 kakani o ka waiū, akā i kekahi manawa he mau mano 10,000 mauʻepa o ka waiū e hiki ke inu i ka bipi, aʻo ka hapa o ka momona he kiʻekiʻe (3.8-4%).
ʻO ka maikaʻi ma Schwyz bipi maikaʻi, ikaika. Kūleʻa koke lākou. Hoʻomaopopo lākou i ka māmā, a keʻelemakule e mau ana nā bipi i ka momona. Kūleʻa keʻano o nā bipi, ua maʻalahi lākou i ka hoʻopiʻi wikiwikiʻana.
Akā, ua lawa nā kau kau i ka meaʻai. Pono lākou e hoʻolakoʻia me nā kūlana maikaʻi. Hāʻawi nui lākou i ka waiū, aʻo kekahi manawaʻaʻole hiki ke paʻiʻia lākou ma ka mīkini, e like me kekahi mau holoholona i hoʻonohonohoʻoleʻia nā nipples.
ʻO nāʻano bipi a pau he mea maikaʻi a he mau mea pōpilikia paha, akā inā makemakeʻoe e kākoʻo i kēia, a laila nou ka koho. ʻAe maikaʻi.
