ʻO ka lāʻau'ōhiʻa o ka Yuzhnoye ka mea ulu i nā huaʻono me nā meaʻai maikaʻi.
Loaʻa nā Apples i nāʻano kūikawā nani a mahalo nuiʻia i waena o nā mea kūʻai. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui ma ka lawelawe kula haʻahaʻa, no ka mea, keʻano o ka'ōlaʻa i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i nā maʻi maʻi.
He aha iaʻano?
ʻO Lunā Malus kahi mea nāna i hōʻike i nāʻano hua'ōhiu. Hōʻikeʻia keʻano o nā hua a me ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka palekana pale nui. ʻO ka palekana o nā hua liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi mahina a me ka hapalua, akā, e hilinaʻi ana i ka mālama ponoʻana o nā'ōlaʻa:
- ʻO ke anawaena kūpono i makemakeʻia he -2 ° C a + 1 ° C;
- ka mālama i loko o nā pahu lāʻau aiʻole nā pahu;
- ke kahe liʻiliʻi 90-95%;
- nā hua nui e like me ka nui a me ke kālaiʻana i nā'ōlaʻi.
Kohoʻana
ʻO nā mea kanuʻo Apple i kaʻaoʻao Southern e pili ana i kaʻano hoʻohālikeʻoleNo laila,ʻo ka pollination e kū ana i ka poli o ka'ōlaʻi apple o nā mea likeʻole.
ʻO ke kūpono, nā ala kanu o nāʻanoʻelua ma kahi mamao aku iʻelima mau mika mai kekahi.
Ma keʻano o ka pollinator, ua hōʻike maikaʻiʻia nāʻano Delicates.
Hōʻike o ka'Āpana Pāʻani
ʻO keʻano o ka lāʻau'ōhiʻa ma keʻano o ka uluʻana o ka ulu, ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hua lemon-melemele.
ʻO ka ulu wikiwiki, keʻano o ka uluʻana, me ka lei aliʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
He mana nā lālā o ka hae, e pili ana i ke kumu i kahi o kahi 80 mau kiʻekiʻe.
Heʻeleʻele ke helehelena me ke oho hina. Ke ulu pono nei nā'ōpuʻu, nui ka nui a me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo-ʻeleʻele..
ʻO ka lau nui me ka nervisible hiʻohiʻona, keʻano ellipsoidal me ka hopena liʻiliʻi, ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo. He meaʻoluʻolu ka papa o ka pepa.
Ka nui. Ma luna o ka lāʻau, me keʻano kūpono, ua aneane like ka nuiʻana.
ʻO ke kaumaha o ka'ōmole he 110-120 grams.
Me ka mālama pono, ke kaumaha o ka'ōpiopio hiki iā ia ke hōʻea i ke kanalima kala.
ʻO keʻano o ka'ōleʻa he mau manawa maʻamau, symmetrical, oblong-conical. Mālie nā iwi. He nani kaʻili,ʻaʻole iʻeleʻele, me kahi uhi pale. ʻO nāʻano'ōpiopio o Apple, lemon. ʻO ka hapakolu o kaʻilikai he mauʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo ma kaʻaoʻao hikina.
ʻO kaʻiʻo, heʻeleʻele-keʻokeʻo, kahi maʻalahi o ka'ākau, maikaʻi. ʻO ka meaʻono ka meaʻono,ʻona. Hoʻonuiʻia kaʻala o ka hua.
Nā mea kanu hoʻohui:
- ʻOi - e pili ana i 11%;
- Hanaʻia nā'āpana - 0.65%;
- ʻO ka waikawa Ascorbic - 10.7 mg i 100 g.
Hoʻomāʻau hanauna
Ua hānauʻia nāʻano'ohia apple Yuzhnoye mahalo i ka mea hoʻokele: P. D. Yurchenko Loaʻaʻia ma ka Research Institute of Floriculture a me Subtropical Crops ma ka heleʻana i nāʻano - Delishes a me Suislepiy.
Ke kaiaulu ulu
ʻO Apple i hāpaiʻia ma kaʻaoʻao hema o Rūsia. Hoʻololi maikaʻi keʻano i nā wahi lālā'ē aʻe.
ʻO keʻano o ka ulu maoli maoli,ʻo ia ka Territory Krasnodar. Ināʻaʻohe kūpono ka holoʻana, he mea pono ka mālamaʻana i ka mālama pono, a ma luna o nā mea a pau, e kanu i kahi lāʻau (ʻike i lalo).
E hāʻawi
ʻO keʻano o ka'ōmaʻomaʻi o ka Yuzhnoye e hōʻikeʻia ana e ke precociousness.
Ke komo ka lāʻau hua i ka makahikiʻekolu aʻehā paha ma hope o ka paeʻana.
I kaʻoihana, ma keʻano he kūlana, uaʻikeʻia ma mua, akāʻaʻole maikaʻi kaʻaeʻana i kēia aʻokiʻoki i nā pua no nā makahiki muaʻekolu, a laila, e ulu mai ka'ōlaʻa ma ka lōʻihi.
Hanaʻia kaʻohi i ka hapalua oʻAukake.. ʻO ka wā kūʻaiʻo ia mai ka hopena oʻAukake a hiki i ka holaʻOkakopa.
Ke kanu a mālama
ʻO nā hua a me ka nui o ka hua o keʻano'ōpiopioʻo Yuzhnoye ma muli o ka mālamaʻana. Ke kanuʻana i kahi lāʻau hoʻohanaʻia nā mea kanu kahiko. ʻO ka mālamaʻana i ka lāʻau'ōhiʻaʻaʻole makemake nui i ka hana.
I mea e ulu ai ka lāʻau, maikaʻi a maikaʻi, ʻO ka mea mua āu e makemake ai, e koho i ka kānana kūpono. Ponoʻo ia:
- me kahi pūnaehana paʻa;
- e ulu ana i ke anona me ke anilń i ho okahi;
- nā'ōpiopio, a laila wikiwiki kokeʻo ia i ka lepo ma kahi i ulu aiʻo ia.
Kūkulu pinepineʻia nā kumulāʻau iʻekolu mau kau:
- ʻohi.
- kauwela;
- puna.
Ma hope o ka loaʻaʻana o nā lālā, he mea nui loa ke koho i kahi kūpono no ke kanuʻana i ka lāʻau'ōmaʻomaʻo oʻAmelika:
- wahi kaiā;
- nele i ka makani;
- pono nā wahi no ke kanuʻana me ka maikaʻi;
- maikaʻi ka lepo;
- makemakeʻia e hoʻohana i ka loamy a me ke one lepo;
- alohi i kahi e kokoke ana ka wai honua kokoke i ka honua;
- e hoʻomākaukau pono i ka lua hoʻohāwai.
ʻO ka mea nui ʻO kahi mea nui i ka pae hoʻokeleʻanaʻo ia ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā lua kauʻana..
No ka mea he kumu lāʻau-nui keʻano o ka Pākīpika Pono ia e hoʻomākaukau i nā lua me ke anawaena a me ka hohonu o 0.7-0.8 mika, ma kahi lōʻihi oʻekolu mau mīkini mai kekahi me kekahi. Ua māheleʻia ka lepo i hoʻopiliʻia iʻelua mau'āpana: he lepo mai ka lepo (e kapaʻia ka lepo Nalu 1) a me ka lepo mai ka lepo o ka lua (ka'āina No. 2). E hana i kēia mau hana:
- hana mākou i kahi lua ma ka hoʻoneʻeʻana i nā nāhelehele;
- wehe i ka lalo;
- ke moe nei mākou i ka helu'āina 2;
- e hoʻonui i ka humus manure humu, ka lehu a me nā mea kanu manaila ma ka ratio o 1: 0.8: 1 a me ka hui pū;
- ke moe nei mākou i ka helu'āina 1.
Heʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i ka lua kauʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi hebedoma ma mua o ka paeʻana. ʻO ka wā maikaʻi loa he 3 mau wiki.
Kūleʻa mākou i ka'ōpiopio a mālama pono,ʻoi aku i nā limaʻehā, a kau aku i kahi poʻi lāʻau meʻewalu.
Ke kuhi nei i kahi pua a mākou e mālama nei i ka lāʻau'olihi no ka makahiki a me ka hapalua.
I ka makahiki e hiki mai ana ma hope o ke kanuʻana, ma ka pūnāwai, he mea nui ke kūʻana i ka lei o ka'ōlaʻi.
Pono pono eʻoki i nā wēlau o kēlā me kēia lālā no nā makahikiʻehā aʻelima paha, mai hoʻokuʻu i ka hua o ka'ōhiʻa (ponoʻia ke koho 80-100% o nā pua). I ka makahiki mua oʻApelila, e hoʻohuiʻia nā lāʻau me nā huihuʻu e pale ana i nā meaʻeha. Pono e hana i kēia kaʻina hana iʻelua manawa:
- i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ka'ōpuʻu o nā'ōpuʻu ma luna o nā lālā;
- ma mua o ka paʻiʻana o nā'ōpuʻu.
Eia hou,ʻaʻole pono ka'ōhiʻa i kahi mea kanu kūikawā.
Mālama mālama i nā makahiki heʻelima ma hope o ke kanuʻana:
- ke kāpiliʻana i nā lāʻau e pale ai i nā toʻi a me nā hares (mea - parchment, lapnik);
- ka'ōpiopio me nā humus pristvolnyh humu;
- e hoʻoluliluli i ka honua a hiki i kahi kiʻekiʻe he iwakalua keneta;
- nā hoʻohāwai maʻamau.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO nāʻano kūikawāʻo ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka Pākehā i ka scab. Akā ma keʻano maʻamau, uaʻike pinepineʻia ka'ōhiʻa i nā maʻi a me nā maʻiʻeha:
- huahua hua;
- hōʻole i nā'ōpana aphids;
- ua lanakila ka moth;
- nāʻawaʻawa nui.
ʻO Rot ʻO ka maʻi o kaʻano funga, ka mea i komo i waenakonu o ka'ōpū ma o nā māwae a me nāʻeha i hana muaʻia e nā holoholona, ka huahekili a iʻole kekahiʻano'ē aʻe. ʻO ka hōʻailona mua keʻano o kahi'āpanaʻeleʻele ma kaʻili o ka'ōpala, e ulu ana a hiki i ka'ōʻana o ka'ōlē.
ʻO ka'ōpala aphid - He mea pale kēia me ka wikiwiki kupaianaha o ka hana houʻana. I nā lā pōkole, hiki i kahi pae o nā aphids ke pā i ka hapa nui o nā lau o kahi lāʻau. Hoʻokūʻo Aphid i ka wai mai ka'ōmaʻomaʻo a me nā mea kanu, no laila lākou e make ana a hāʻule. ʻO ke ala mua loa o ka hoʻopakeleʻana,ʻo ia ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i nā kaikamahine. Ma kahi like, hiki ke hoʻohuʻuʻia ka lāʻau me kahi 3% dilurate o nitrafen a me / or karbofos.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine i ka lāʻau o ke kīhāhā ʻo ka mū.
ʻO kēia nā nīnau liʻiliʻi o ka pō, e kau mua i nā hua ma nā lau o nā lāʻau, a ma hope o ke kauʻana o nā ovaries, ma nā hua.
ʻO kēia ka hopena i ka nānāʻana o nā ilo. Ke hoʻopauʻia kahi lāʻau, pono pono e pīpī me nā mea kanu. Nā kūlana maikaʻi loa:
- kahi e noho ai;
- karbofos.
Ke hele ka maʻi no ka paleʻana, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka decoction o ka wormwood. ʻO nā manu ka mea pepehi kanaka nui loa. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, hiki iāʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi hale manu ma kahi lāʻauʻeha.
He mea pono ka hoʻopauʻana (e wehe a puhi i) kaʻili o kaʻili. Ke noho nei nā mea nui ma lalo iho a puka. Hōʻike pinepine ka moth hua i ka'ōpala hua.
Hoʻopukaʻia nā'ōpū nui ma muli o kahi lawaʻole o ka mea nui i ka lepo, ka nui o ka nui o nā mea kanu fertilizers, ka hoʻokiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana, a me ka mālama ponoʻole. Keʻike nei ka maʻi ma keʻano he mauʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele i ka hānai ma nāʻanoʻelua:
- ma luna o kahi lāʻau;
- i ka manawa e waiho ai.
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui no nā'ōlaʻaʻo ka paleʻana i kēia maʻi.
ʻO kekahi mau hana kūikawā nui e loaʻa ai ka hopena hana i nā maʻi likeʻole o nāʻanoʻohe o Yuzhnoye:
- ka pollination o ka colloidal sulfur a me nā mea keleawe;
- ka lukuʻana i nā mea i pilikia;
- ke kāpiliʻana i kaʻano o ka potash a me ka'ōpopo;
- ke komoʻana o ka lehu i loko o ka lepo;
- ka papa kalaunu;
- ka mea hānai me nā mea kanu momona;
- Kauʻia ka'ōpī māmā i ka wā e ulu ana;
- ka wā eʻohi ai.
ʻO nāʻanoʻawaʻawaʻo Yuzhnoye he hua maikaʻi a lawe mai i nā hua nani me ka waiwai kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui loa o nāʻano likeʻole,ʻo ia ka hopena kiʻekiʻe loa i ka pale.
Me ka hoʻomākaukau kūikawāʻana, e ulu ana kaʻohu ma kekahi lepo. ʻAʻole makemake ka lāʻau i kahi kūikawā kūikawā. I ka hopena o ka hōʻehaʻana i nā lāʻau hōʻailona,ʻaʻole pono ka mālamaʻana i ka hana nui.
