ʻO ka hua waina "Tukay" ua ulu ma nā wahi he nuiʻo Rusia. Ua hoʻokumuʻo ia iā ia iho me he mea hoʻoilo-paʻakikī, paʻakikī a keʻokeʻo i ka wā mua.
A he mea kupaianaha ka mālamaʻana i ka maikaʻi o kāna hua - hiki ke mālamaʻia i kaʻohi e like me ka hoʻoilo.
Keʻike i nāʻano a pau o kēiaʻano, hiki ke kanu i ka maikaʻi maikaʻi o nā huaʻono a me nā meaʻono a Tukay i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
He aha iaʻano?
ʻO ka'ōpala waina "Tukay" e pili ana i nāʻano keʻano'ōpiopio me ka'ōpiopioʻana. He mea kaulana loa i waena o nā mea kanu hoʻolālā. Hāʻawi mau keʻano i nā mea kiʻekiʻe, aʻo kāna mau hua he kohu maikaʻi.
Hoʻokōʻia ka "Tukay" no ka hōʻiliʻili houʻana i nā hua waina a me ka hoʻolāʻauʻana.
Ma waena o nāʻano keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, uaʻikeʻiaʻo Delight White,ʻo Amethyst Novocherkassky aʻo Amirkhan.
Nā hua wainaʻo Tukai:ʻanoʻano likeʻole
ʻO kaʻano o ka māla waina Tukai, he ulu lāʻau ikaika a ulu me ka waina ikaika a maikaʻi.
Heʻuʻuku nā lālā ma luna o kona mau lālā. I keʻano, heʻano hua like lākou me kahi kikowaena waenakonu a waenakonu a pili i kaʻaoʻao. Ua nui nā hua waina, ana mai 800 g a 1.5 kg. ʻO keʻano o nā pūpū he cylindrocic and branched, i hōʻikeʻia e ka friability alaʻole me kaʻole.
ʻO ke kaumaha o nā hua "Tukay" ua kānalua mai 2 a 6 g. ʻO kaʻano o ka hua he oval, a he'ōmaʻomaʻo ka'ōmaʻomaʻo ke kala. Ke hoʻopiliʻia nei i ka lā'ōlinolino, loaʻa iā lākou he "brown" maikaʻi.
Aia nā hua i kahi meaʻono a paʻani me kaʻonoʻono a me nā memo muscatel māmā. He ikaika aʻeleʻele ko lākouʻili, akā, i ka wā e'āhiʻia ai,ʻaʻole paha iʻikeʻia.
ʻO Muscat Summer, Gift Nesvetaya, aʻo Platovsky kahi kīnaʻi momona.
ʻO ka nui o ke kō i nā hua - mai 17 a 19%aʻo ka'aleʻa mai 5 a 6 g / l. Uaʻikeʻia nā papahanaʻoihana i ka ho'āʻoʻana i nā hua waina "Tukay" i 9 mau helu.
Kōkua: ʻO Flowers "Tukai" bisexual, no lailaʻaʻole ponoʻo ia i nāʻano pollinators.
ʻO Bisexual pua kekahi me Vodogray, Liana a me Libya.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Nā hua'ōleloʻona "Tukay":
ʻO ka moʻokūʻauhau a me ka waeʻana
Hoʻokuʻuʻia "Tukay" nā mea kaulana kaulana ʻO VNIIViV inoa i inoaʻo I. I. Potapenkoaia ma ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Novocherkassk a hāʻawi aku i ke ao i ka nui o nāʻano waina.
ʻO nā mākua "Tukaya" - Keʻano o nāʻano'Apau'Apau "'Āpana" a me ka poʻe malihini maika Kāleka Pear, kahi i ulu ai keʻano hou o nāʻano hou a me ka ulu muaʻana.
ʻO nāʻano maikaʻi loa e like me Super Extra, Beauty of the North, ua hiki iā Isabella ke hoʻonani i ke kūlana hauʻoli maikaʻi loa.
ʻO kēia mauʻokoʻa eʻae ai iāʻoe e ulu pono i "Tukay"ʻaʻole wale ma ka hema o Rusia, akā, aia ma nā wahi'ākau a me Central o ka'āina,ʻo ia hoʻi ma Urals a me Siberia.
Nāʻano
Hoʻonuiʻia ka ulu a me ke kūpaʻa.
Ma ka waena waena, hiki iāʻoe keʻai i nā hua waina "Tukay" i Iulai.
Loaʻa ka palekana o ka'ōpana. Hiki i nā hua kepa ke noho ma ka nahele no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka loli ole o ko lākou leʻaleʻa.
ʻO ka mea kumu, Attica a me ka Naita hoʻi e hōʻike i ka hiki ke mālama ponoʻia ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana.
A ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i nā hua waina "Tukay" hiki ke mālamaʻia a hiki iʻApelila o ka makahiki aʻe. Hoʻokumu kēiaʻano i "Tukay" i ka mea mua i ka mālamaʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka mea kanu ma waena o nāʻano Europa.
Ua hōʻikeʻo ia iā ia iho a maikaʻi i ka halihaliʻana -ʻaʻole hiki i nā hua ke kāpili a mai hōʻaha i ka hele.
Kōkua: No ka mālamaʻana no ka wā lōʻihi, hoʻokomoʻia nā māla i loko o kahi lumi hoʻonaniʻeleʻele me kahi mahana pāʻani mai ka 1 a 8 ° C. ʻO kēia paha he hohonu hohonu, hale hoʻokipa a pilakole paha.
ʻO ka'āpana likeʻole ka hoʻonui i nā hua o ka hua, no laila ke emi nei ka nui o ka hua a me ka nui o nā puʻupuʻu.
No kēia kumu, ponoʻo "Tukay", a me Dubovsky Pink a me Vodogray e hoʻoponopono i ka hua.
No kēia mea, hoʻopōlaʻiʻia ka lālā a wana o ka wana i ka hāʻuleʻana, a ma nā lālā palupalu nāwaliwali a weheʻia nā'ōpiopio. Me kēia ke kauʻia ma ka nahele "Tukaya" pono mai 35 a 45 mau maka. Ke waihoʻia nā kumu waina momona ma luna o lākou mai ka 6 a 8 mau maka.
"Paʻa"ʻo Tukay. Hiki iā ia ke pale i ke anu anu me ke ea wela a -23 ° C. ʻO nāʻano like o ke kūpikipiki i loaʻa iā Richelieu, Rusven, a me Nizin.
Eia naʻe, ma nā wahi me nā hulu ikaika, pono pono ke uhi i nā hua waina no ka hoʻoilo. No kēia, ua hoʻokomoʻia nā kumukūʻai mai ka papahele i ka lepo a uhiʻia me kahi mea hoʻomehana. A ma hope aʻe o ka hale i waihoʻia kahi papa pale hoʻomalu ma keʻano o kahi'āpana coniferous. Pono e hana i nā hana a pau i ke kauwela e pale ai i ka wai mai ka komoʻana i kahi hoʻomaha hoʻomaha.
E koho ka lā i kahi no ka paeʻana "Tukay" a paleʻia mai nā makani anu.
ʻO ke kūpono,ʻo ia kaʻaoʻao hema o kekahi hale. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka nui o ka lā e loaʻa mai ai nā kumu waina, eʻoi aku ka momona o nā hua aʻo kaʻohi eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
ʻAʻole ka mea e koi ana i ka hanaʻana o nāʻano lepo, akā, e hōʻoleʻo ia e ulu ma nā'āina momona,'āina marshy a me saline. Ke kanuʻia nā hua waina i loko o kahi lepo lepo, ka wai āpau, ka meaʻai paha, a ua hoʻohuiʻia nā waiwai i ka'āina'ōmaʻomaʻo a lepo lepo paha.
Hoʻokumu maikaʻiʻiaʻo "Tukay" e nāʻokia me ke kumu wikiwiki. ʻO ka'ōpili phylloxero-kūpaʻa i'ōleloʻia no kēiaʻano heʻano'ōpili. Riparia x "Rupestris 101-14".
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO ka "Tukay" ka pāpā kū'ē i kaʻeleʻele hina, akā ma lalo o ia mau maʻi e like me ka oumum a me ka pala. Me ka hoʻokahuliʻana o ka oumuma ma nā'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka mea kanu,ʻikeʻia keʻanoʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele me kaʻala o ka'ōpala a me ka iʻa paʻakikī.
I ka manawa like, ua maloʻo nā kino o nā maʻi, ua paʻakikī ka hua a me ka paʻakikī. Hoʻopilikiaʻiaʻo Oidium e ka ua a me ka hau nui.
No ka pale māla waina mai ka maʻi ka pāpālua ka mālamaʻana i nā mea kanu me ka 3% solution o ka hao a me ke keleawe palekana - i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka uluʻana o nā ululāʻau a me ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka wā ulu.
No ka mahiʻana i nā hua waina maikaʻiʻole i ka hoʻolālā i ka'āina,ʻike nā māla'ikeleʻa i ka hanaʻana i nā mea kanu me kahi huahana olapili e pili ana i ka'ōpala o ka hay, e hoʻoneʻe ai i nā mea hana o ka oidium.
No ka hanaʻana, ponoʻoe i hoʻokahi'āpana o ka'ōpala ahi (hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻopau iā ia me ka mullein maloʻo) a ninini iʻekolu māhele o ka wai kū maʻemaʻe. Pono pono ke waiho i ka hopena no nā lāʻekolu ma kahi pouli a me kahi mahana.
ʻO ka mea i hanaʻia he pono e hoʻopiliʻia a hoʻoholoʻia iʻekolu mau wahi o ka wai. Pono e hoʻokōʻia nā mea kanu i loko o ke anuanu, no ka mea, ua pepehi nā kukui o ka lā i ka microflora pono.
Ka helu o nā hōʻailona ʻaʻole i palena.
Ua manaʻoʻia ka Mildew i ka maʻiʻoi loa loa no nā hua waina. Pau nāʻaoʻao ma luna o ka mea kanu. ʻO ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi,ʻo ia keʻano o kahi waiho ma kahi haʻahaʻa o nā lau, a laila huli lākou i keʻohu, maloʻo, a laila hāʻule.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohālike i ka manawa, e pau ka huaʻai. Ma ka paleʻana o ka huawaina mai ka hopenaʻana, hana nui nā mea palekana:
- nā mea kanu maʻamau no ka maikaʻi o ka hau;
- paʻa ka lepo ma lalo o ka māla waina;
- ka hoʻopuehu pinepineʻana o nā lehu e pili ana i nā lāʻau a ma lalo o lākou;
- ka ulana kiʻekiʻe me ka mea hoʻonalo waipaʻa i ka hapa liʻiliʻi (ke hoʻoukaʻia o kaʻenehana e alakaʻi i ka 100% mil).
Eia kekahi, no ka paleʻana i nā huawaina mai ka paleʻana i nā mea kanu. Hoʻopauʻia ka ulu lāʻau a me ka lepo ma ka māla waina ka hao sulfate (400 g no 10 liters o ka wai).
I ka makahiki o Mei a me ke kauwelaʻo Iune, ua'ōwiliʻia nā huawaina me ka hui o Bordeaux a me nā mea likeʻole. ʻO ka lā palena no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hopeʻana,ʻaʻole ia he mahina ma mua o ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana.
Hiki i kēia a me kekahi mau mea palekana ke pale i kāu huawaina mai nā maʻi likeʻole, e like me ka anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, ka huapalapala a me ka maʻi maʻi bacterial. ʻO nā mea'ē aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau pōʻino, ke hōʻike nei mākou i nā mea likeʻole o ka pūnaewele.
Hiki paha ke paʻiʻia nāʻano likeʻole o Tukai e kahi kīpala (hapa waina pruritus). ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka hōʻeuʻeu hōʻeuʻeu keʻano o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ka'ōkalakalaʻulaʻula ma nā lau. Ma kaʻaoʻao hope o kaʻeke, ma keʻano, ua kaumaha a ua like me ka uhiʻia i ke oho hina.
He mea paʻakikī ke kū'ēʻana i ka māla pruritus, e like me ka waihoʻana ma lalo o ka lau, e hūnā ana ma hope "manaʻo" hoʻomalu. Me kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ka lukuʻana o nā lau mai.
Me ka helu nui o nā mea kanu'āhiu i hoʻoponoponoʻia e ka sulfur colloidal. Hanaʻia kēia ma kahi mahanaʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 20 ° C, i hoʻomohu ka sulfur fumes i ka pale a me ka pepehi.
Eia kekahi, he hana kūpono ia i nā mīkiniʻike. "ʻO Tiovit Jet", "Karbofos", "Fufanon" a me "Fitoverm".
No ka paleʻana i nā huawaina mai nā manu, nā mea hoʻoweliweli, nā puolo kani a me nā leo kani, nā lipopi a me nā pōpō, hoʻohanaʻia nā upenaʻoihana no ka māla waina.
Aʻo nā mea hōʻiliʻili i nā hua waina, e like me nā'ōpala, ua hoʻopauʻia me ke kōkuaʻana mai o nā meaʻala. He mea nui hoʻi i ka wā mua e pale i ka hoʻopaʻaʻana o nā weps ma ka pūnaewele.
No ka hanaʻana i kēia, pono iāʻoe ke pale i kēlā me kēia no ka huliʻana i nā pūnana nalu a luku iā lākou. ʻO ka maikaʻi maikaʻi ke pale aku i ka pale o ka hua i nā'ōpala a me nā manu, nāʻupena kūikawā, iʻaʻahuʻia i nā mea kiko.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, pono i ka māla "Tukay" ka nānāʻana o kekahi mea kanu i mālamaʻia i nā mea kanu. Heʻano likeʻole kēia e hiki ai ke hāʻawi i ka waiwai nui o ka mālamaʻana i ka manawa lōʻihi. He mea pono wale nō e hāʻawi iā ia i nā kūpono kūpono a pale aku iā ia mai nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha.
