Kūʻai

ʻO nā hua puaʻa a me nā ponoʻole o nā bipi mai Enelani mai - "Hereford"

'Aiʻa nuiʻia kaʻiʻo o nā mea hale i ka mea i kūʻaiʻia, no ka mea,ʻo konaʻano kiʻekiʻe loa a me nā pōmaikaʻi hoʻolaha i ke ola kanaka.

ʻO ka poʻe mahiʻai e kūkulu nei i kā lākouʻoihana pipi eʻoi aku ka makemake e hana i nā mea i makemakeʻia e nā holoholona loaʻa kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololiʻana i nāʻano hoʻonaʻauao a me ka waiwai maikaʻi.

Hiki paha ke heluʻia nā pua bipi i kēia lā.

ʻO ka moʻaukala o ka lāhuiʻo Hereford

ʻO nā aʻa o kaʻohana puaʻa Hereford i hoʻomaka ʻO UK. ʻO ka manawa mua i hānauʻia ai ka bipi keiki o kēia hanauna i ka 18th ma ka helu Pelekānia o Herefordshire, mahalo aku i ka hana a nā maka'āina i hoʻoholo e hoʻoikaika i nā kino a me ka huahua o nā pipi.

I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua laweʻia nāʻelele o kaʻohana Hereford mai Beritania Nui mai i Kanada, mai kahi i hiki ai lākou i USA.

Ua hana nui nāʻAmelika i ka hana e hiki ai ke lawe i kēiaʻohana i kēia manawa.

No ka hopena o kēia haʻawina, ua loaʻa i nā kau bipiʻo Hereford ka ikaika o ke kumukānāwai, me ka nui o ka puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu a me ka mana kūpono e hoʻololi ai i kekahiʻano hoʻolālā.

ʻO kēia mauʻano i kōkua iā lākou e lilo i mea kaulana i nā wahi a pau o ka honua - mai North a South America iʻAmelika a me'Aselika.

Ua laweʻia mai lākou i ko mākou'āina i nā manawa o ka Soviet Union, mamua o ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kaua i ka makahiki 1941-1945.

ʻO nāʻano bipi a me nā bipi

Hoʻokūʻia nā bipi kau o Hereford ma ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi, e hoʻomanawanui i nā wā lōʻihi me ka loaʻaʻole o nā pilikia.

ʻO keʻano o kēia mau meaʻai he mea nui loa..

Ma muli o ko lākou mea kaumaha, ikaika a me ka muscular, ke kū nei nā bipi kauā o Hereford ma waho o keʻano o nā pipi o nā hanauna'ē aʻe.

Hiki keʻikeʻia lākou e nā hiʻohiʻona i lalo:

  • ke poʻo - ākea a ikaika, keʻokeʻo - keʻokeʻo; He pōkole ka'ā'ī;
  • nā pepeiaohao - pōkole, keʻokeʻo, ma nā palena - pōʻeleʻele, hele i mua a me nāʻaoʻao;
  • ʻO kaʻeleʻele heʻulaʻula, akā, he keʻokeʻo ka ihu, nā lehelehe, nāʻeleʻele, ka'ā'ī, ka'ā'ī, ka'ōpū, a me ke kepau;
  • heʻeleʻele a lōʻihi ke kino,ʻeleʻele kaʻeleʻele o kaʻili;
  • He pōkole nā ​​wāwae a paʻa.
  • ka māmā i nā wāhine - keʻoluʻolu.

I kēia lā,ʻo kaʻohana bipiʻo Hereford kekahi o nā mea maʻamau i ka honua. Loaʻa kēia ma kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻAʻole lākou makemake i ka nui o ka hoʻolālā a me ka uku kālā.

ʻO lākou ola 15-18 mau makahiki, iʻikeʻia e ka ulu a me ka maikaʻiʻole o kaʻai. ʻO kekahi mea nui aku - lawe mai i nā hua maikaʻi.

ʻO nā bipi pipi ma ka home no nā poʻe hoʻomaka kaʻoihana maikaʻi. Hiki iāʻoe ke makemake eʻike pehea e hoʻomaka ai i nā bipi kauō, a me nāʻano momona o nā bipi, e like me ka Red Steppe.

Nāʻano

Aia nā pua momona o Hereford i nāʻano hoihoi:

  • ka ulu nā holoholona makua - ma luna o 130 kapuaʻi;
  • ka mea umauma: heifers - 190-195 cm, mau pale umauma - 210-215 cm;
  • ke kaumaha: heifers - 550-700 kg (ma UK - hiki i 850 kg), bipi - 850-1000 kg (hiki i 1300 kg - ma UK).

Hoʻokumuʻia nā bipi i ka 25-28 kg (heifers) a me 28-34 kg (pale mau). ʻO ke kumukānāwai maikaʻi o nā bipi ka mea hiki ke maʻalahi, a laila e hoʻemiʻia ka makeʻana o nā keiki keiki hou i ka liʻiliʻi.

Piʻi koke lākou a palekana i ke kaumaha. Ma ka makahiki o hoʻokahi makahiki, ua kaumaha ka wahine i 290 kg,ʻo ke kāne kāne - 340 kg (me ka momona maikaʻi a hiki i 400 kg). Ma nā mahinaʻeono e hiki mai nei, hoʻohui lākou i kekahi 100 kg.

E nānā: He iʻa iʻa kēia, no laila,ʻo kēiaʻano pua holoholona ka mea i loaʻa i ka 1100 - 1200 lita o ka waiū i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻOiai,ʻaʻole i paʻiʻia kēia mau bipi, e hele ana nā waiū a pau e hānai i nā bipi kauō, i uluʻia ma ka hope o ka pūpū.

Hereford kaʻiʻo kau mahalo nuiʻia i ka mākeke kūʻai ma muli o nā meaʻono maikaʻi loa: he "maʻemaʻe", nani,ʻoluʻolu, meaʻai a me ka calorie nui. Hiki i nā'ōpona keʻano kikokikona, kahi mamao loa ka papa momona i loko.

Hoʻounaʻia nā holoholona nui no ka luku. Pulp kaumaha, i loaʻa i ka poʻo hoʻokahi o nā pipi, he 82-84% ka nui o nā mea kanu,ʻo ka huaʻai i ka palaoa - 58-70%.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

ʻO ke kiʻi o ka pua hānaiʻo Hereford:

Ka mālama a mālama

E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau manaʻo koʻikoʻiʻelua e like me ka hiki ke hiki i nā mea hoʻohiwahiwa hikiʻole ke hana i nā mea a pau.

ʻO nā koi no ka mālamaʻana i nā bipi momona o Hereford,ʻo ia ka mea maikaʻi loa.

E nānā:ʻo ka lumi i ola aiʻo Herefords e maloʻo a hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Hiki i nā'ōpiopio o kēia'ōpiopio ke hoʻonāukiuki a hiki i nā wāʻoi loa o kaʻino, akā naʻe, hiki i nā uku ke hoʻopilikia iā lākou.

Pono nā mea nona ke mālama Ua hōʻailonaʻia nā'ōpū i loko o ka hale. Pono nā holoholona e komo i ka wai a me ka meaʻai, i mea e pono ai e hoʻokomo i ka wai me ka wai i waenakonu o ka hale.

Kahi kūpono - ka heleʻana o kahi'āpana nui. ʻAʻole iʻeha ke kūkuluʻana i nā peni kaʻawale no nā wāhine me nā keiki bipi a me nā pā no nā keiki bipi kūpiopio.

ʻO ka hoʻolahaʻana ke kūkuluʻana i kahi keʻena kūikawā no nā'ōpiopio hānau. E lawe iā lākou i nā lā he nui ma mua o ka hānauʻana o ke keiki bipi, a ma hope o ka piʻiʻana, e noho lākou i laila no kekahi hebedoma.

Kaha

Ka mālamaʻana i nā kumukūʻai o Cowsford he kūpono kaʻoihana waiwai. ʻO kā lākouʻai i kēlā me kēia lā, he mau kīpala i kāwiliʻia me ka palaoa baʻa a me ka paʻakai paʻakai.

E nānā: pono ke loaʻa i nā bipi kauō me nā keiki bipi ka meaʻai kūikawā kūikawā, no ka mea, nui ka ikaika a me ka ikaika i ka hānaiʻana i ka pēpē mai ke kōpū.

Pono ka papa hana kau i ka sila, nā mea maloʻo, a me nā kapa komo kūpono.

Hoʻopio nā keiki hānau hou i ka waiū o ka makuahine, a me nāʻekeʻehā i hala i ka hānauʻana. Ma hope oʻelua pule, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻia kā lākouʻai me ka mauʻu., a laila hoʻokomo pinepine i loko o ia mea me keʻoluʻolu a hoʻonaninuiʻia (hope loa o nā meaʻai).

Noho ke keiki bipi ma luna o ka makuahine no ka hapalua makahiki, a laila ua laweʻia mai ka oʻi a hoʻohuliʻia i kahi pale kaʻawale. ʻO ka manaʻo o nā bipi e kau i nā hay, nā mea mālama a me nā mea hānai. He mea nui a he pono e hoʻohui i ka phosphorus, ka calcium a me nā protein iā ia.

ʻO nā maʻi

He mau bipi wahine kēiaʻo Hereford iʻikeʻia e ka maikaʻi maikaʻiNo laila,ʻo ka hopena o kona mau lālā he mea nui loa.

Eia kekahi, hiki i nā keiki bipi ke loaʻa ke anu inā he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka wai a me nā kikowaina i loko o ka lumi kahi e mālamaʻia ai.

No ka hōʻoleʻana i kēia, pono e mālama pono nā mea nona i kahi kūlana maikaʻi i loko o ka hale papa.

Nā mana e hoʻoihoʻia

ʻO nā puaa hoʻohāhā Heʻano likeʻole kēia. Ma kaʻaoʻao o ka mea hānai holoholona, ​​pono ia e hoʻolako i kēia wahi me nā kūlana kūpono o ka hale a me kaʻai kaulike, e like me nā mea kūpono loa i kekahi mau manawa o ko lākou ola.

E nānā: inā pono e mālama i ka maʻemaʻe o nā Herefords a me ko lākou mauʻano pilikino, pono e hoʻokō wale i ka heleʻana o nā kānaka ma loko wale nō o ka hāʻawi i hāʻawiʻia.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o kēiaʻano bipi a he mea nui loa ia a ua lawe maikaʻiʻia i nā hanauna puaʻa o ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Hoʻopiʻi ka poʻeʻike i kēiaʻano i ka wā e hele aiʻo Herefords me ko lākou mau hoa o nāʻano'ē aʻe.

Uaʻikeʻia nāʻano puaa o nā bipi i kēia manawa ma kaʻoihana puaʻa hou.

ʻO ka naʻauʻole, ka maikaʻi maikaʻi loa, a me ka bee iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa ua liloʻo Herefords i kekahi o nā lālā hānai kaulana loa.