ʻO ka Pear wale nō 2% o nā kumu lāʻau i loko o nā māla o Rūmala waena. Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka pono nui no ka mahana ma mua o ke kumulāʻau.
A he nui ka poʻe eʻike i ka pear e like me ka mea kaumaha no ka'ōpū a hōʻole e kanu i kā lākou mau mea pono'ī. Akā, kēia hua loaʻa nā waiwai waiwai ae hoʻolohe i kēia.
ʻO ka mea nui - ke koho i ka papaʻoi. Eia kekahi laʻana,ʻo ka nui o Vernaya e ulu ana ma nā huina o ka'āina Moscow a me nui no Central Russia.
He aha iaʻano?
Ke nānā nei nāʻanoʻohi nā pears a he mea nui ia eʻike ai i nā kula. I keʻano o ka hōʻailona -'Oemaema-Kekemapa. E'ōlelo aʻe ʻike nuiʻia i loko o ka pahu fri. E pono no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka maikaʻi a maikaʻi no ka hanaʻana.
ʻO nāʻanoʻano o nāʻano o nāʻano o kaʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻo ia hoʻi: Bere Bosk, Thumbelina, Nā hihiu o ka nahele, ke kelepaʻu, a me ka hōʻailona.
ʻO ka moʻokūʻauhau a me ka waeʻana
He hana hui like kēia o nā poʻe hanaʻelua o ka Hui Hoʻokumuʻohana Hoʻokumu-ʻohana Hui PūʻIa-Russian a me Nursery Yu.A. Petrov a me N.V.Efimov. I ka makahiki 1958, i ka makahiki 1998 ua hoʻomakaʻia ka hoʻomolohuaʻana o keʻano o nāʻano likeʻole, a ua hoʻokomoʻia keʻano likeʻole i ka papa inoa'āina ma ka makahiki 2001. Ua hoʻohana lākou i ka pear me ka inoa maikaʻiʻo Josephine Mechelnskaya a me kahi heluʻano interspecific No. 3 (ʻaʻole kahi hoihoi!) Ma keʻano kumu punaewele.
Hōʻike i nāʻano pears True
Ke kuhikuhi neiʻo Wood i ka mea. ʻO ka pāpale aliʻi, he kaulike kaulike konaʻano.
ʻO nā lālā me ka lōʻihi e ulu kokoke ma ke kihi o 90˚ me kahi hoʻonohonoho hoʻohālikelike.
Hoʻopili i ka ulu ma nā lālā nui a me ke kaiapuni brown. I loko o ke kauwela, ua loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o nā'ōpuʻuʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula.
ʻO kahiʻoihana nui o nāʻano kūikawā-medium - ua hoʻokumuʻia nā kānana i luna o lākou i loko o ka'āpana kiko. ʻO nā'ōpiʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i kauʻia heʻano hana like.
ʻO ka heleʻana me ka'ōmaʻomaʻoʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, heʻano manu a me kaʻoluʻolu i ka paʻiʻana me ka lauohoʻole, akā, me kaʻehaʻeleʻele. Hoʻopiliʻia me kahiʻoki lahilahi o ka nui me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻaʻole. ʻO nā pua nani me nā'ōpuni o ke kaola, inā heʻuʻuku ka nui, he meaʻala loa.
Hiki nā hua i kolchatka (ʻano lāʻau), nā mea maʻalahi a paʻakikī, ma nā spur, ma nā ihe (lālā hua a hiki i ka 15 knm) a ma luna o nāʻeke hua (nā mānoanoa o nā wana). ʻO keʻano o ka hua, e like me ka mea e pono ai, heʻano peʻahā me kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka pea a hiki i 150g. He maloʻo kaʻili o ka hua, uaʻulaʻula a nani.
Aia ma nā pēpē he mau liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o keʻano kelena hina. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka hua he'ōmaʻomaʻo, ai ka wāʻeleʻele ua hoʻohuiʻia kahi lenu kōmele. ʻO ka peduncle no kaʻano o ka mānoanoa a me ka oblique. ʻO kahi haʻupuʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ua aneane hikiʻole, me keʻano o ka leʻaleʻa. Loaʻa i kahi'āpana liʻiliʻi, ākea a laumā,ʻo kaʻepa he hapalua hāmama.
ʻO nā keʻena no nāʻanoʻano. ʻO keʻano likeʻole o ka ellipiptical heart. Nā hōʻike o ka lōʻihi a me ka laulā o ka'ōmole hohonu a me ka'ōnaehanaʻano nui. ʻO ka'ōpiopio me keʻano o nāʻano'ōkolekole heʻanoʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.
ʻO ka huapalapala maikaʻi o ka'ōpiopio i nā hua me ka momona maikaʻi. ʻO nā meaʻoluʻolu a me nā meaʻono, akā nō naʻe aia nā manaʻo e pili ana i ke kukuna haʻahaʻa o kēiaʻano.
Hoʻohālikelikeʻia ka manaʻo ma 4.2 mau helu, a me kaʻono - 4.5. Akā, mahalo kekahi i ka meaʻai wale nō 3.
ʻO ka waipaʻa o ka wai - 10.1%, acids - 0.15%.
ʻO nāʻano puaa o kēia nei he mea nui loa ia: Kupava, Krasulya, Lada, Dekabrinka, a me Ressoshanskaya Dessert.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Ma ka kiʻi ma lalo nei hiki iāʻoe keʻike i kaʻano o ka pua "Vernaya":
Nāʻano
ʻO ka paakikiʻo Winter (ke kū'ē nei i ka hoʻouluʻana i -2˚), skoroplodny, samoplodny a me nā mea kiʻekiʻe.
Aia kekahiʻike e hiki i kahi lāʻau ke hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i kahi kilo kilo kilokilo o nā pears. ʻO ka nui o nā huaʻai i ka 30 mau henia o ka mahinaʻai.
Ma ka moku Moscow e ulu ana i ka hapalua o Sepatemaba a me ka hapa mua oʻOkakopa. Hoʻonui ka nui o ka pēpē i kahi nui loa ma ka mahinaʻo Kepakemapa.
Nā mea kanu ma hope o ke kanu hoʻomaka ia e hua i ka makahikiʻekolu aʻehā paha.
A inā e puʻunaueʻia nā manaʻo e pili ana i ke kīʻaha, a laila, e like me ka pūnaewele hōkeo, ua hoʻohanohano nuiʻiaʻo ia.
Hoʻohana maikaʻiʻia no ka hanaʻana i nā compotes, jams, jams, marmalades, nā huaʻono a me ka waina.
ʻO nāʻano ākea kūoho kekahi: Bere Russkaya, Lel, Muscovite, Perun a me Svarog.
Ke kanu a mālama
ʻAʻole ia e hāʻawi i nā koi kūikawā ma ka lepo, akā eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiwaiwai a me nā mea momona. Mālie ka lepo i kēia pear.
Hoʻolālā nā Paipai i kahi kūlana maʻamau:
- wai;
- kāohiʻana;
- ka weheʻana i ka lepo ma kahi o ka huila;
- polokalamu pāʻani;
- ka hou o ka lei.
Pono e kohoʻia ka wahi no ka paeʻanaʻanaʻaʻole i uhiʻia. ʻAʻole i kanuʻia ke koʻi aʻa. ʻOiai heʻano momona kēia, he mea maikaʻi ke hoʻonui i nā mea ulu, iʻoi aku ka nui o nā pua pearia ma ka pūnaewele.
I loko o ka lua no ke kanuʻana i nā mea kanu kūpono e koho mai:
- humus;
- 80 go hamole ammonium;
- 1 kg o superphosphate;
- 800 g ka lehu ahi;
- 150 g sulfuric acid ka pālolo.
Hoʻohālikeʻia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana i nā manawa he 4-5 i ka malama. Hoʻokahi kekeke wai i lawa no ka mea nui i ke kakahiaka a me ka nui o ke ahiahi. Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻololi i ka hoʻoinu, e nānā i ka lewa. I ka manawa o ka kanuʻana i nā pua pua a me ka manawa o kaʻaiʻana, pono e hāʻawiʻia ka wai e hāʻawi i ka nānā kūikawā.
Hiki ke kāpiliʻia nā lālā o nā lāʻau'ōpiopio no ka hoʻoilo me nā mea pale.
Eʻokiʻoki i ka pear ma mua o ka'ōhiʻa. Pono e mālamaʻia kēia hanana i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka pūnāwai i mua o ka'ōpuʻu'ōpuʻu. Hoʻopuluʻia ka'ōpiopio'ōpiopio i ka hapakolu.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
Ke nānāʻia nāʻano likeʻole hopena pale. Pono nā lālā o nā lāʻau'ōpiopio e paleʻia mai nā koʻi.
Pono e hana i nā hana no ka paleʻana i nā lāʻau pear mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka hōʻeaʻana i ka hopena o ka lā:
- nā mea ola;
- 'agrotechnical;
- kelepona;
- physicchanical.
E pili i ka mea mua nā mea kanue laʻana, ka meaʻai. Eia kekahi, e hakakā ana i nā maʻi me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea lāʻau.
Eia kekahi laʻana, e mālama i kahi lāʻau i loaʻa i ka maʻi. paukū lepoApplied tincture rot hay.
Hoʻonui ka mea kanu i ka ulu o ka ulu. ʻO kēia kahi kahi kūpono no ke kanuʻana,ʻo ka wā kūpono a me ka pololei o keʻokiʻana i nā lālā kūponoʻole, a me ka maʻi, ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā mea kanu i kēlā manawa.
Hoʻolālāʻia ka pāpū a me nā maʻi i ka laʻauʻana i nā lāʻau me nā meaola kūpono. Hiki ke hana i kēia mau hana maʻamau i nā kumu no ka pale a no ka hoʻomaikaʻi houʻana i ka lāʻau.
ʻO ka kū'ēʻana i nāʻano maʻi likeʻoleʻo Hera, Dekabrinka, Carmen, Larinska lāuaʻo Rogneda.
Ma lalo o nāʻoihana physics-mechanical e pili ana i ka hanaʻana i nā mea no ke kanuʻana a me ka lepo ma ka hanaʻana i ka wela. ʻO nā lālā i hoʻopiliʻia a me nā hua momona.
ʻO nāʻano maikaʻi o nā pears, e like me nā'ōlaʻa,ʻaʻohe. Ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea kona pono.
ʻO ka'iliane o Autumnʻo Verna kokoke i nā pono: skoroplodnost, hardiness hoʻohaʻahaʻa a me ka hiki keʻai i loko o Kekemapa a ma hope aku me ka mālama kūpono.
ʻO kēia nā kumu kūpono e hoʻokūkū ana i ka koho o kēiaʻano likeʻole no ke kanuʻana ma luna o ka pūnaewele, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe nui o nāʻano me nāʻano likeʻole.
