ʻO ke gula maikaʻi ma loko o ka'ōmahumu maʻomaila - ka weheweheʻana o kaʻano'ōpiopio o ka'ōmato "ka makuahine o Golden"

Hāpaiʻia nā'ōmaʻomaʻa a me nāʻalani i loko o ke kīhāpai exotic,ʻaʻohe mea maʻamau aʻoi aku kaʻula. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻoheʻokoʻa kā lākou mahiʻana mai nā mea kahiko.

Hoʻomaopopo nā'ōpiopio hou i ka manawa pōkole e hōʻiliʻili i nā huaʻulaʻula, ma nā wahi Siberia. ʻO kekahi o kēia mauʻanoʻo ia ka makuahine o Golden.

E heluhelu i loko o kā mākouʻatikala he ho'ākāka pihaʻana o kaʻano likeʻole, eʻike me nāʻano a me nāʻano o ka uluʻana, e aʻo e pili ana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā maʻi.

ʻO Tomatoes "Ka makuahine o Golden":ʻano likeʻole

Ua hānaiʻia e nā mea Lūkanaʻo Lyubov Myazina i nāʻano hua likeʻole o ka mīmū nui o ka Mila a ua hoʻokomoʻia i loko o ka papa inoa'āina o nāʻano i ka 2008. ʻO kēia he'ōpili o ka hanauna mua F1,ʻo ia hoʻi, i loaʻa mai ka laʻaʻana o nāʻano'ē aʻeʻelua a me ka loaʻaʻana o ka palena kiʻekiʻe loa o kēlā mauʻano pono a ka mea nāna i makemake e hoʻokomo i loko.

ʻO ka "makuahōnōwai wahine" heʻano nui keʻano, he 85-90 mau lā mai ka germination a hiki i ka'ōpiopio'ōmua. Kūkāʻo Bush i nā mea, me kahi liʻiliʻi o nā lau. Ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 80 knm.

Hōʻike ka'ōpiopio i ke kūpaʻa nui i kekahi mau maʻi maʻamau:ʻo ka mosaic virus (TMV), kahi maloʻo (Alternaria) a me ka bacteriosis (ka maʻi maʻi bacterial). ʻO nā hua mua o ka uluʻana o ka hua e hana ai i ka lālā makuahine o Golden e kūpono no ka uluʻana ma ka hapa nui o ko mākou'āina.

Ua kūpono ka papa no nā wahi ākea, a no nā'ōmaʻomaʻo. Hoʻomanaʻo nui ka mea hana i nā'ōmaʻomaʻu, akā i loko o nā'ōmaʻomaʻo aniani keʻano "He makuahine makua" ke hōʻike i ka hua maikaʻi loa.

E heluhelu pū i kā mākou pūnaewele: Pehea e ulu ai i nā'ōmaʻa maikaʻi i ka makahiki a puni ma kahi hale hoʻoulu? Pehea e loaʻa ai kaʻohi maikaʻi ma ke kula?

He aha nāʻano kōkeke maʻamau ka nui o ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi? Pehea e ulu ai i nāʻano'ōkeke mua?

Nāʻano

ʻO nā hua o kēia lālā mau i nakinakiʻia me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, i ka wāʻeleʻele, e lilo i ka'ōlena'ōmaʻomaʻa-ānihina maikaʻi. I ka nui - waena, hiki i ka 200 grams, maʻamau 120-150g. ʻO ka'ōpona ke nānā aku me kaʻoluʻolu loa, i ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i kahi nāhelehele i nā'ōpala nui, e hoʻopili pūʻia. Ma kahi hua'ōlelo i hoʻohuiʻia, uaʻikeʻia nā iwiʻaoʻao, a hoʻokaʻawale i nā keʻena keiki 4. Ua pilikia ka hua. Mālama maikaʻiʻia aʻaʻole hiki ke hele i ka wā e pale ai ka mahana a me ka wai.

E hoʻohālikelike i ka kaumaha o ka hua o nāʻano like me ka makuahine me nā mea'ē aʻe e kōkua iāʻoe i ka pākaukau ma lalo nei:

Ma ka'āina ākea, hiki i ka 2.5 kilokilo o nā hua e hiki ke ohiʻia mai ka ulu lāʻau hoʻokahi, i loko o ka hale kōmaena,ʻoi aku ka nui o ka'ōpū - a hiki i ka 4 kg. Ke'ōlelo nei kekahi kahu hoʻopūpili i ka "makuahōnōwai makua" e like me nāʻano likeʻole e pono ai no ka hōʻiliʻili hou, a no ka mālamaʻana, ka hanaʻana i loko o ka wai aiʻole ka'ōmato. A inā ua hoʻomaopopoʻo ia i nā mea hōʻailona no ka hanaʻana i ka popo o nā hua'ōmaʻomaʻo, a laila, i loko o ka sāleta kēia mau'ōkoʻomaʻo, he maikaʻi loa nā'ōmato. ʻAʻole iʻaeʻia ka peelulu eʻoki i ka hua.

Hiki ke loaʻa nā hua o nāʻano likeʻole ma lalo nei:

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

Ma lalo iho nei kekahi mau kiʻi o ka mīnū likeʻole o ka makuahine o Golden:

Nāʻano o ka uluʻana

ʻO ka makuahine o Golden he'ōpiopio, iʻikeʻia e nā hua maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole ponoʻo ia i nāʻano ulu kūikawā, akā, e like me nā'ōmato a pau, makemakeʻo ia i kahi lepo kūpaʻa a lepo iki paha me kahi pH o 6-7, waiwai nui i nā mea waiwai, i paleʻia mai ka makani a me ka mālamalama pololei o ka lā me kahi ea maloʻo.

ʻO ka uluʻana i loko o ka hale kōmahana e pono ai ke kau a me ke hoʻopaʻaʻana. Ponoʻoe e hoʻohana i kēlā me kēia 5-7 mau lā. He maikaʻi ke hoʻoneʻe i nā kapuaʻi i ke kakahiaka, i ka wā maloʻo. Inā ulu ka'ōpiopio ma ke kula, a laila, hiki ke waihoʻia ka paepae mai lalo o ka hā aiʻole ka lima o kaʻikeʻana a laila e mālama i ka nahele i loko oʻelua mau kiʻi. ʻAʻole hiki i nā lālā i ke kula ke hoʻohui, akā, e liʻiliʻi ka lōʻihi e kali ai i ka hua.

Hiki ke hānaiʻia ka papaʻomaʻa i nā mea momona o ka mea kanu, aiʻole i hoʻomākaukauʻia paha, ma kaʻikeʻana i ke koena o ka meaola, potassium a me ka phosphorus. E hoʻoulu i ka pua i ka hoʻouluʻana me ka waiʻaleʻa boric acid. Kūkaʻiʻia me nā mea kanu a me nā mea hoʻolaha ulu ulu hou, e like me ka HB 101.

E heluhelu pū i kā mākou pūnaewele: He aha nāʻanoʻano lepo no nā tōmato? Pehea e hana ai i ka lepo o ka lepo? ʻO ka'āina kūpono i nā mea kanu, a me nā mea kanu o nā mea kanu.

A pehea pū hoʻi e hoʻohana ai i nā insecticides a me nā momona?

E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i nā mea ākea a pau no nā tōmato.:

• ʻOihana, ka mineral, phosphoric, mākaukau, integrated, TOP maikaʻi loa.
• 'Opala, iodine, lehu, hydrogen peroxide, amonia, acic acid.
• No nā mea kanu, i ka wā e pihi ai, foliar.

Mai poina e pili ana i ke kūpono o ka'ōmole a me ka'ōpala.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha

Ma waena o nā maʻi o nā tōmato,ʻo ka mea mua loa eʻike ana i ka pōʻino o ka pōʻino, kahi i kū'ēʻole ai kēia lālā. Hiki i kēia maʻi lapaʻau ke hoʻopau i ka hua a pau o nā tōmato a me nā pō pōkū ma ka pūnaewele. No ka paleʻana i ka phytophtora, pono i ka mea mua e pale i ka loliʻana o nā kanu, ka hoʻopihaʻana i ka lepo a hoʻouluʻia me nā mea hoʻoulu. E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka palekanaʻana i nā phytophthora a me nā mea kū'ē i nāʻano.

ʻO ka māmāʻana o ka blue vitriol,ʻo Rydomil a me nā mea'ē aʻe he pono. Pono e wehe kokeʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻopiliʻia mai nā'ōmaʻomaʻo aiʻole nā ​​moena a puhiʻia. E heluhelu pū hoʻi e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻamau o nā tōmato i loko o nā greenhouses, e like me alternarioz, fusarium, verticillis a me nā mea e paʻi ai iā lākou.

Hiki ke hōʻehaʻia nā lālā o nā mea kanu e nā meaʻeha:ʻo ka pīpī potato potato a me kona mau koho, ka mimiki a me ka uila, a me nā anuhe anuhele, nā aphids a me nā whiteflies. E kōkua ana nā'ōnaehana i ka hakakāʻana iā lākou: Decis, Arrivo, Konfidor Maxi.

ʻO ka makuahōnōwai o Golden he mea nui loa, he lālā kūponoʻole, huahua. Ma waena o kona mau mea e hikiʻole ke hoʻololiʻia,ʻo kaʻohi mua ia,ʻo kaʻoluʻolu i nā hua a me nā hiʻohiʻona. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o kaʻano likeʻole ka mea kiʻekiʻe o ka beta-carotene (provitamin A) i nā hua,ʻo ia ke kumu o kaʻaʻalaʻalani. ʻO ka hemahema nui o ka "makuahōnōwai" he,ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka hopena i ka hopena o ka'ōpū.

Nui nā māla a maikaʻiʻole a pili i nā hybrids F1 - no ka hopena i ka hopena, ponoʻoe e kūʻai i nā hua i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻOiai kēia,ʻo ka makuahine makua o F1 ka mea eʻoluʻolu ai i ka loiloiʻole, eʻoluʻolu i ka hua kanu, maikaʻi loa i ka lāʻau ola a me ka meaʻono.

Hoʻomaopopo mākou i kekahi mauʻanoʻokoʻa o ke kōmato me nā hua'ōleloʻano'ē aʻe: