Nā holoholona holoholona

Hoʻopiʻiʻo'Asia Maʻa (Zebu)

Nui nāʻano bipi i loko o ka honua i hoʻohanaʻia no nāʻano likeʻole, akā e liloʻo India i paradaiso no kēlā me kēia. ʻO ka cow cowback cow, zebu, ka mea i likeʻole me kā mākou mau bipi ma ka piko o ka'ā'ī, ma keʻano o ka'ā'ī,ʻo ia ka mea iʻike nuiʻia ma kēia'āina. Ma hea i hele mai ai nā holoholona nani, he aha keʻano o ke ola e alakaʻiʻia ai i nā pono o kēia manawa a me ka pehea e hiki ai iā lākou ke lawelawe i nā kānaka - e kūkākūkā houʻia kēia.

Kaomi

ʻO Zebu he mau'āpana o ka bipi hihiu, kahi i loaʻa pinepineʻia ma India i kēia lā. ʻO kēia bipi, e like me nā mea'ē aʻe o konaʻohana,ʻaʻole ia i manaʻoʻia he mamo ia no ka huakaʻi hele, akā, e hana i kahiʻano likeʻole, i hanaʻia ma mua o 300,000 mau makahiki i hala. No nā Hindu, zebu he holoholona laʻa, a he pono e noʻonoʻo i ka'āina o ka moku'āina i lilo i wahi hānau o kēia lālani pua. Eia hou, inā e manaʻoʻiʻoʻoe i nāʻike o ka wā kahiko, i ka wā ma mua, ua loaʻa nā bipi momona i ka'āina o Asia Hema,ʻo ia ke kumu e ulu pinepine ai nā paio ma kahi wahi kiko'ī o ko lākou kumu.

E heluhelu e pili ana i nāʻiʻo maikaʻi loa a me nāʻano momona o nā bipi.

Me ka hoʻomakaʻana mai ka makahiki iwakālua mai, ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe hoʻohiwahiwa i ka cross zeb me nā bipi wahine Pākehā, i manaʻoʻia e hoʻonui i ke kū'ēʻana o nā holoholona hou i nā wela kūpono a hāʻawi iā lākou i ka palekana i ke kū'ēʻana i nā maʻi wela. ʻO nā bipi momona i kēia lā eʻike nuiʻia e ka piʻiʻana o ka huahana, ka uluʻana o ka uluʻana, kahi e hoʻohālikelike ana iā lākou i ka hope o purebred zebu. I kēia mau lā,ʻikeʻia nāʻano European hybrids ma nā'āinaʻAmelika, akā,ʻo ka manaʻo wale nō iā lākou,ʻaʻole hiki ke kapaʻia he maikaʻi: e like me nā makahiki i hala aku nei, ua kaumaha mau nāʻohana ākea i nā akua,ʻoiai i nā manawa'ē aʻe e manaʻoʻia he hemolele. I ke ao hou, hiki ke loaʻa nā holoholona ma ka'āinaʻo Azerbaijan,'Europa,ʻApelika, India, a me Pasila hoʻi, a ma Madagascar lākou i manaʻoʻia he hōʻailona o ka mokupuni.

Keʻike neiʻoe? Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui nā bipi kau he nui ma Madagascar ma mua o ka poʻe. Ke nānāʻia nei kēia mau holoholona ma keʻano he hōʻailona o ka pōmaikaʻi a maikaʻi.

Keʻano

Ma muli o ka hopena o nā kuhi mua kahiko i kēia mau lā, aia iʻoi aku ka nui o 80 mau haʻawina o ka zebu, ka nui e noho ana ma'Āina. No laila,ʻaʻole ia he mea e kahaha ai i kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia o lākou he kanaka hoʻokahi, akā i ka mea maʻamau,ʻo ka weheweheʻana he like ia. ʻO ka hapanui o lākou he mau holoholona nui e like paha 400-450 kg, 150 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a 160 cm lōʻihi (ʻano maʻamau no nāʻano nui). ʻOiaʻiʻo, aia kekahiʻanoʻo zebuʻaʻole iʻoi aku i 90 cm ke kiʻekiʻe a kaumahaʻia i loko o 150 kg. Ua mālamaʻia lākou e like me nā puaʻa, no ka mea,ʻaʻole nui ka waiū a me kaʻiʻo mai iā lākou. ʻO nāʻokoʻa waho o nāʻano o nā bipi a me nāʻano o kēia mau mea:

  • kino ikaika me kaʻiʻo i nā iwi nui loa;
  • ka pahu liʻiliʻi a me ka lauwili;
  • nā lā lōʻihi a me nā wāwae;
  • ʻo ka humpulu maikaʻi i loko o ka'āpana maloʻo (ʻo ia he kino a me kaʻiʻo paʻakikī, a ma ka helu holoʻokoʻa he 3% o ke kaumaha o ka holoholona);
  • heʻili o kaʻili i loko o ka'ā'ī a me ka peritoneum;
  • nā pepeiaohao lōʻihi a me ka liʻiliʻi i nā bipi;
  • ka peleʻeleʻele.

ʻO ka'ōlohelohe ZebuʻO ka'ōpala paʻakikī a me ka pōkole o kahi holoholona, ​​he mea nui loa ia:ʻeleʻele, keʻokeʻo,ʻulaʻula a hoʻololi.

He mea nui! Heʻuʻuku ka liʻiliʻiʻole o Zebu i nā hōʻeha mai nā piko a me nā'ēheu'ē aʻe, kahi e hoʻonāukiuki nui ai i nā bipi. Inā eʻoki kekahi o lākou i ka bipi wahine, a laila ka nui o nā pūnaeʻa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i loko o ko lākou kino e kōkua i ka paleʻana i ka maʻi.

Ke ola a me ka hana

ʻO keʻano maʻamau o nā bipi momona a pau ka lōʻihi loa a me ka hiki ke ola i kahi e make ai nā holoholona'ē aʻe mai ka wela. Ua loli keʻano,ʻaʻole kū'ē'ē, no laila,ʻaʻole nui ka pilikia o nā mea nona lākou. I ka manawa like, he mea nui loa ka hoʻouluʻana o nāʻano likeʻole ma nā pae'āina Pākīpika mai kahiʻike aku i ka hoʻomehana waiwai, no ka mea, he nāwaliwali loa ka hakakā ma kēia ala, ināʻo ia nō. Hoʻomaopopo koke nā holoholona i ka mākalipoʻana, a ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia kā lākouʻai i meaʻai i nā haleʻaina. ʻAʻole pono nā lawelawe a Zebu, no laila e hiki ai iā lākou ke komo, e like me nāʻano'ē aʻe i maʻa mua iā mākou. E lawa ka nui o ka waiu o ka wai no kēlā me kēia lā no nā lālā a pau o kahiʻohana liʻiliʻi.

E kama'āina me nā mea iʻikeʻia no ka hānauʻana o nā bipi holoholona: Jersey, Schwyz, Krasnogorbat, Ayrshire, Limousin.

Nā mea hoʻohana

Hāʻawiʻia kaʻoiaʻiʻo ʻAʻoleʻo ka zebu i nāʻano hua nui loa (hoʻokahi ka bipi ma ka'elike e pili ana i 500-1000 liters o ka waiū),ʻo nāʻano nui ka mea i hānai pinepineʻia no ka hanaʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka ikaika o ka hana. I kekahi mau'āina, hele nā ​​holoholona i ka hoʻoholo lio a me ka holo. ʻOiaiʻo kaʻiʻo zebu ka hāʻawiʻuʻuku, he momona mau loa ia (5-7%), no ka mea, he waiwai nui ia e nā mea kūʻai ma nā'āina he nui. ʻO kahi lawaiʻa, he mea momona maikaʻi no ka hanaʻana i ka ghee ghee kaulana.

Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻOiaiʻoiaiʻo ia ma India, ua kapaʻia nā bipi i nā holoholona kapu, aʻaʻaʻoleʻia kā lākouʻai, i Brazil,ʻo ka zebu ke kumu o kaʻoihana meaʻai, a me ka loaʻaʻana o ka'āpala o kekahi mauʻano i hiki i 48%.
ʻO Zebu kahi koho kūpono no nā mea hoʻomaopopo i nā mea hele i waho e makemake nei e hoʻohīhī i ko lākou mau pilikāne, a me ke ala kūpono e pili ana i kā lākou hānauʻana e hiki ai ke lawe mai i ka uku nui. No kēia kumu hoʻokahi wale nō ka maikaʻi e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau bipi kūlohelohe.