He nui nā meaʻai puaʻa i ka hānaiʻana i puaʻa i kā lākou mahiʻai, a me nā koina liʻiliʻi a me ka hānaiʻana, e loaʻa kaʻai maikaʻi a me ka ulu wikiwiki. A i kēia mau puaʻa. ʻO Karmaly kekahi o nā kūʻai maikaʻi loa i ka hana puaʻa. Ma loko o ka puke e haʻi e pili ana i ka huahua a me nā hiʻohiʻona o nā holoholona, e pili ana i nāʻano o ka mālamaʻana a me nāʻano o ka hānauʻana.
Nāʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka pua
Loaʻa iā Karmalyas nā hōʻailona o waho a me ka huahua maikaʻi, no laila lākou i mahalo nuiʻia i waena o nā mea puaʻa puaʻa.
Keʻano
ʻO ke keʻa i waena o ka puaʻa Korean a me ka pilikino Vietnamese i hāʻawi i ka honua i ka manawa eʻike ai i kahiʻano puaʻa liʻiliʻi, i kapaʻia he karmaly. I ka helehelena, ua like lākou me nā kaʻa hihiu,ʻaʻole i lōʻihi loa, akā, he lauoho lauoho. Loaʻa kēlāʻano puaʻa i kaʻano mālie. 
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa o ka karmales he poʻo liʻiliʻi a māmā, pepeiao pepeiao, nā wāwae ikaika, ka lauoho lauoho, he'āpana pōkole a me ka'ā'ī, he hapa āpau i hoʻouluʻia, ka umauma āpau, a me ke kua, a me ka leo olonā.
Keʻike neiʻoe? Ua'ōlelo ka poʻe mōʻaukala i ka hua mua o ka puaʻa ma Kina. A ua hōʻea houʻia i ka makahikiʻewalu o ka makahiki BC.
ʻO kēiaʻano puaʻa ka mea maʻalahi i ka mahana. I nā lā anu, mālamaʻia lākou e ka papa momona, a ma nā lā wela, e hele wāwae nā puaʻa me kahi pilikiaʻole ma lalo o ka lā. ʻO ka nui o ka pig i hiki i ka manawa liʻiliʻi,ʻo ia ka mea iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uluʻana o ka puaʻa. 
'Ohanahana
ʻO nā meaʻono o nā karmales keʻikeʻia e kahi meaʻala a me ka momona e like me ka nui o nāʻeke. ʻO kēiaʻano puaʻa he nui kaʻiʻo maʻemaʻe me ka momona liʻiliʻi. Inā paha i hānai ka puaʻa i ka momona, hiki keʻokiʻoki.
E hoʻomalu iāʻoe iho me nā nuances o ka hānaiʻana i nā puaʻa'ē aʻe: ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, Duroc, Mirgorodskaya, me kaʻulaʻula, Vietnamish vislobryusha.
Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe Breeders i ka māmā nani o nā iwi o ka karmala, hiki iā lākou ke hele i ka 85% o ka waiwai kālā. Hoʻopauʻia nā puaʻa ma hope o hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua makahiki hānai. Pono pono kēlā manawa no ka loaʻaʻana o nāʻeke a kokoke i ka palena kiʻekiʻe (e pili ana i 200-220 kg). Inā noho lōʻihi nā puaʻa, a laila hikiʻole ke hoʻopōʻino i kā lākou meaʻai. He mea kūpono hoʻi eʻike he nui nā keiki ma mua o nā wāhine. 
ʻO ka huahua o ka poʻe puaʻa e pili ana i ka nui o kā lākou huiʻana. Hiki i ka karmala wahine ke hana i 50 mau puaʻa i kēlā me kēia makahiki,ʻo ia ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma keʻano hānai puaʻa. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka wahine ke hānai iā ia iho a hānai i kāna puaʻa me ka waiū. I hoʻokahi manawa, alakaʻi ka wahine o ka pocket i 20 mau puaʻa, i hānauʻia mai ka nui nui (eʻikeʻia e like me nā pua puaʻa Koreaʻekolu-ʻehiku).
Hoʻonuiʻia ka hoʻonuiʻana ma muli o ka nui o ka waiwai waiwai. I loko o hoʻokahi makahiki, hiki mai ka puaʻa i hoʻokahi kenetena o ke kaumaha, a ma hope iho o kekahi hapalua o ka makahiki,ʻo kona kaumaha kaumaha. Eia kekahi,ʻo ka karmala e pili ana i nā puaʻa puaʻa, a he momona ka momona, e hāʻawi ana i kaʻiʻo o kēia puaʻa i nāʻano maikaʻi. 
Nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka hua
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o kēia pua puaʻa,ʻo ia ka malu o lākou. ʻAʻole eliʻo Karmaly ma lalo o nā pā aʻeli paha i loko o ka lepo. Eia kekahi,ʻo ka puaʻa o ka karmals e lilo i ka mea maʻamau ma hope o nā mahinaʻewalu, a ua mākaukau no ka hānaiʻana, aʻo nā pua pua'ē aʻe i kēia manawa ke hānau wale.
ʻO kekahi o nā pono nui o ia mau puaʻaleʻa,ʻo ia ka pūnaewele hōʻailona a ikaika loa, a hiki ke hoʻopili iki i nāʻano meaʻai a pau, a pili pono i kēia manawa i ka manawa e pono ai ka waiwai waiwai. ʻO ke kūpikipiki kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe keʻano kūpono'ē aʻe i nā karmales. Inā haʻaleleʻoe i nā puaʻa liʻiliʻi ma ke alanui ma ka lā hauʻoli, e hele mālie lākou,ʻaʻole e loaʻa ka pilikia. 
Hiki i nā'ōpiko nani keʻano o nā'ōpiopio. Hiki i nā puaʻa liʻiliʻi ke penaʻia i loko o kahi motley, hina,ʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele a'āwili paha. Eia kekahi,ʻo nā kamaliʻiʻo Karmalov he mau pūʻali maʻamau i kaʻaoʻao hope, e nalowale ana i kaʻelemakule. ʻAʻole e like me nāʻano puaʻa'ē aʻe he nui, Loaʻa ka karmalah i ka liʻiliʻi o ka momona me kahi momona o kaʻiʻo. No laila, ponoʻole nā mea mahiʻai e makaʻu i nā pilikia a me nā holoholona kolo.
He mea nui! ʻO nā poʻi liʻiliʻi, e like me nāʻano puaʻa'ē aʻe,ʻaʻole pono e'ō'ō "Suiferrovit" ma keʻano he āpau.
ʻAʻole he hapa i loko o nā puaʻa. ʻO kahi wale nō nāna e hoʻopuka nei i loko o kā lākou hapalua. I kekahi manawa, i ka wā e komo ai ka mea hale i ka'āina o ko lākou hale, e hoʻopuehu nā puaʻa, akā,ʻaʻole kēia he nuiʻoi aku. ʻO ka hapa nui o kamalamala kekahi o nāʻano puaʻa momona o nā puaʻa i waena o nā mahiʻai, a mahalo loa i ko lākou noho mālie a me ka hilahilaʻole i kaʻai a me nā nohona. 
Pehea e koho ai i nā puaʻa maikaʻi i ka wā kūʻai
ʻO ka kūʻaiʻana i nā puaʻa liʻiliʻi he hana koʻikoʻi ia. ʻOiaiʻo Karmalah a kaulana no ke olakino maikaʻi loa, e mau ana ka pilikia o ka loaʻaʻana o nā mumps maʻi. No ke kūʻaiʻana i puaʻa maikaʻi, e hoʻolohe i ka huelo. Aia ia i loko o ka hulu hipa aʻaʻole e pili i ke kino. Eia hou, hiki i ka huelo momona ke hōʻailona i ka heleʻana o kahi maʻi ma kahi karmala. I mea e hōʻalowaʻole ai i ka pua puaʻa a kūʻai aku i ka holoholona e pono aiʻoe, e nānā pono i ka kiʻi o ka karmala, ae aʻo pū i nāʻano olaola a pau o kēia pua puaʻa. 
Ke kūʻaiʻana i kahi holoholonaʻuʻuku e ponoʻoe e hoʻolohe pono i kona hanuʻana. ʻAʻole pono ka puluʻana o ka mumps, no ka mea,ʻo ka hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i nā maʻi o nā mumū, kahi e olaʻole ai ka puaʻa hou. E hoʻomanaʻoʻoe i kēiaʻano puaʻa puaʻa he lauoho lauoho,ʻo ia nō i ka malama hoʻokahi, no laila, inā i mōhaiʻiaʻoe e kūʻai i kahi puaʻa'ōmaʻomaʻa a'ōleʻa paha, a laila e hōʻole i kēia hāʻawi.
Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia i ka mea hānai puaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana i ka māla.
ʻO nā kīʻaha he pua puaʻa me ka momona liʻiliʻi, akā inā makemakeʻoe e hoʻemi iki i ka momona momona, kūʻai mai i ka puaʻa momona a maikaʻiʻole, he ikaika a he wāwae lōʻihi. ʻO kēia hōʻailona he mea ia e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka wāʻeleʻele ka puaʻa, akāʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi, akāʻoi aku kaʻai.
Nā kūlana o ka hoʻopaʻa
ʻAʻole kēiaʻano puaʻa i makemake i kahi kūikawā kūikawā, a he mea like kēia me ka nui o nā puaʻa'ē aʻe. No ka mālamaʻana i nā karmals, pono wale nō ka mālamaʻana i kekahi'āina (e hana i ka inoaʻo "aviary"). Hiki iāʻoe ke hana i waho o ke kikola, no ka mea,ʻaʻole e uhaʻi kēlā mau puaʻa i ke kahua no ka nui o ka maluhia o ka manaʻo. He maikaʻi ke kūkuluʻana i kahi aviary ma kahi kahua kahi e nui ai ka mauʻuʻai. 
He mea nui no ka paleʻana i nā puaʻa mai nā kikowaena, no laila e hiki ai iā lākou ke maʻi. No laila, he mea makemake e hoʻolako i ko lākou wahi e noho ai ma kahi kahua i paleʻia mai ka makani. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻiʻaʻole e hana i nā papa lāʻau i lalo, no ka mea,ʻo ka maʻimaly keʻano like me nā pāpā mua i ka piko o ka hale ākea, a hiki i kēia ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka'āpana o ka pā.
Piglet Care
ʻAʻole mālama nui ka mālamaʻana i nāʻeke. He pale a paʻa nā puaa aʻaʻohe pane i ka nui o nā maʻi,ʻaʻole pono lākou e pālolo. Eia naʻe, ke laweʻia nei ka hoʻomau anthelmintic. Eia hou, pono ka puaʻa e kūkulu i kahi waiʻauʻau, kahi e pono aiʻoe e hoʻomau pinepine i ka lube, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopakele i nā'ōpiopio mai nā maʻi.
Eʻike i ke kumu no keʻoluʻolu o ka puaʻa.
Pehea e hānai ai i nā puaʻa
ʻAʻole makemakeʻo Karmalah piglets i nā mālama kūikawā, akā me ka hānai ponoʻana a palekana, hiki iāʻoe ke hānai i kahi holoholona e loaʻa iā ia kahi meaʻala aʻono. ʻO kaʻai maʻamau o kēiaʻano puaʻa,ʻo ia nō nāʻanoʻano likeʻole a me nā mea kanu hou, e pili ana i keʻano o kāu hoʻololiʻana i ke kaʻina o ka meaʻai,ʻo kaʻiʻo "ma ka puka" eʻokoʻa loa. 
Keʻike neiʻoe? Hiki i nā pua ke hoʻonaʻauaoʻia i ka huliʻana i nā lāʻau.
Ināʻo kaʻai a nā puaʻa he hua kanu wale nō a me ka palaoa wale nō, a laila paha e lilo paha kaʻiʻo i meaʻawaʻawa maikaʻi (aiʻole paha, hiki paha iā lākou ke hele ma kahi'ē). ʻO ka hōʻiliʻiliʻana i ka pōʻai mai ka iʻa iʻa e hiki ke alakaʻi i kaʻoiaʻiʻo eʻai kaʻiʻo o nā puaʻa i ka iʻa iʻa. ʻO ka hinucake, ka mīkoi, kaʻai iʻa a me nāʻano hānai maikaʻiʻole e hiki ke emi i nāʻano hopena o nā meaʻai. Akā, e kōkua ana nā hua lawaiʻa i kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka momona o nā meaʻai eʻoluʻoluʻole keʻoluʻolu.
I kekahi manawaʻo ka hikiʻole ke hānai i nā puaʻa me nāʻano meaʻai likeʻole,ʻaʻole ia ma laila, ma ia mauʻano, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka hānai. Akā inā hānaiʻia ka puaʻa me nā mea pālapalaha, e emi iho ka maikaʻi o kaʻiʻo. ʻO ka welika o ka hānai maʻamau he 70%,ʻo ke koena e pono ke hana i nā huahana o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona: nā mea kanu hou, nā hua laʻa, nā kīpala. 
Ma mua o ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā hulu hulu nui, pono ka puaʻa e hoʻohui i nā hua maloʻo a me nā mineral i ka mea hānai. Akā,ʻo ka mea mua, eʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e nīnau aku i kahi kauāʻikeʻike e kuhikuhi i keʻano a me ka lōʻihi o ka lāʻau.
Ka hānauʻana
ʻO nā'ālemu he pua puaʻa ia he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa. E like me ka weheweheʻana o nā puaa puaʻa, ua hiki i kēia mau puaʻa, i kēia manawa iʻewalu mau makahiki, ke male aʻoi aku. Eia kekahi, ma hope o nā lā he kanakolu o ka hānaiʻana, hiki i ka wahine ke make hou. 
ʻO ka wahine, ka mea i hānau a'ōpiopio, a ma hope o ka hānaiʻana,ʻaʻole ia he kōkua. Ke mālama nui neiʻo Karmaly i nā puaʻa, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonohonoho pono i nā puaʻa a me nā puaʻa maikaʻi mai nā holoholona liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea pono wale nō: ponoʻoe e kūkulu i kahi lumi liʻiliʻi ma ka hale hānai, kahi e ola ai nā puaʻa liʻiliʻi no ka manawa mua.
He mea nui! Ma muli o ka hapanui o nā X chromosomes i loko o ke karyotype o nā karmales, aia mau ka puaʻa wahine i ka hanauna.
ʻO ka pule mua ma hope o ka hānauʻana, loaʻa i nā kamaliʻi Karmales nā meaola a pau mai ka waiū o ko lākou makuahine. ʻO ka pule aʻe nei, hiki i nā puaʻa ke hāʻawiʻia i ka mauʻu'ōpiopio hou e like me ka meaʻai, a ma ka lā 14 eʻikeʻia kekahiʻano o nā meaʻai i kā lākouʻai. I nā wiki mua o ka nohoʻana o nā kāmaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi,ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa eʻaiʻia i nā kāloka, nā beets, a me nā kīkena. 
Ke holo ka puaʻa i nā lā he iwakālua, e mālama i kā lākouʻai i keʻano likeʻole: kahiʻai i hoʻomauʻia (70%),ʻo nā iʻa aiʻole nā mea i hoʻolapalapaʻia (20%), ka iwi (iʻa) a me nā iʻa momona (5%), ka palaoa pīni (5%) .
Ma ka nānāʻana i nā mea i hōʻikeʻia nei, hiki iāʻoe ke huki ponoʻia nā hopena e pili ana i nā mea maikaʻi a me nā mea maikaʻiʻole i loko o ka puke o nā karmals. He nui nā mea hana puaʻa e makemake e lawelawe me ka karmalae no ka maʻalahi o ka mālamaʻana a me kaʻai maikaʻi i nā meaʻai, kahi e waiho ai i kēia pua puaʻa i ka piko o ka papa o ka mea kaulana loa.
