ʻO Actinidia he liana kuapoono mai ka ʻohana Actinidian. ʻO kona ʻāina hānau ai he mau ʻāina ma ka hikina o Asia Himaleka Uhi ʻia nā ʻalani manamana me nā lau nani, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka actinidia no ka ʻāina ma ke kīhāpai, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā ʻano me nā kūleʻa variegated. Akā i nā mea āpau he mea kaulana ia i kāna mau meaʻai momona a maikaʻi. ʻAʻole ʻike ka poʻe a pau, ʻo ka kiwi like ka hua o kekahi o nā mea kanu. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā actinidia i liʻiliʻi iki, ʻaʻole like me ka pubescent, akā ʻoluʻolu loa lākou. ʻO kekahi mea mālama lāʻau maʻamau e hiki ke lawe mai i kēia moʻomeheu i ka pūnaewele me nā currants maʻamau a me nā gooseberries.
ʻO ka wehewehe lāʻau
ʻO Actinidia kahi pālule hoʻopunipuni me nā wana i hoʻopiha ʻia. Hoʻokomo ʻia e ka fibrous superficial rhizome, hiki ke hana i nā kaʻina hana lateral a hiki i 1.5-2 m lōʻihi ka lōʻihi. Mālama ʻia nā kumu lāʻau i kahi lōʻihi a uhi ʻia me ka ʻala hina hina. Ke ʻōpiopio iki paha nā ʻōpiopio'ōpiopio. ʻO nā wana lāʻau palani Liana, nā poʻi a me nā kākoʻo ʻē aʻe. I loko o ke kaiāulu kūlohelohe, e lōʻihi kona lōʻihi i 30-50 m, a ʻo ka mānoanoa he 2-3 cm wale nō.
E ulu hou nā lau petiole. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lau ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lau me nā kihi o ka lula. ʻO ka lōʻihi lau ka 8-15 cm. ʻO nā ʻano lāʻau me nā foliage variegated he mea nani loa ia. Hiki iā ia ke kaila melemele a puni ka ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ka hoʻonaninani kūloko.
ʻO Actinidia kahi lāʻauʻo dioecious, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia nā mea kanu pilikino me nā pua kāne a i ʻole nā pua wahine wale nō. Kūkulu nā pua liʻiliʻi i a hōʻiliʻili ʻia i nā hui liʻiliʻi i nā coresmbose inflorescences. ʻAʻohe loa kahi honi. Hoʻopau nā pua i ka mahina o Iune-Iulai, hoʻomaka i ke makahiki o 5-7 mau makahiki. Loaʻa nā pua pua a nā ʻōpala hoʻokahi wale nō i ulu o nā ʻōpala i ke kikowaena. ʻO nā pua wahine i ʻokoʻa nā stamens me ka hae pollile he ovary. ʻO nā corollas āpau me ke anawaena o 1-3 cm he kīʻaha bele paha me nā lei keʻokeʻo a i ʻole gula.
Ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻo Actinidia e ka makani, nā ʻōpili a me nā meli, ma hope o ka ʻūhū ʻana o nā hua i nā mea kanu wahine - oblong hua waiū me kahi manaua brown-green. E tupu ana kēia ma Kepakemapa no ʻekolu mau pule. Hiki i ke ʻano o ka pūpū a maʻemaʻe paha. ʻO ke kokoke i ke kikowaena i nā lālani liʻiliʻi ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi. ʻOkoʻa loa ka nui o ka bebe. Hiki iā 1-1.5 cm a aneane paha 8 cm.
ʻO nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o ka actinidia
I ka huina, he 75 mau ʻano nui i loko o ka genus Actinidia. Hoʻohui iā lākou, aia nā ʻano me nā mea hoʻonaninani a i ʻole nā hua ʻana. Ma Lūkini, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano ʻē aʻe pale-kūlike no ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻāina ākea.
Lawinidia hoʻopaʻapaʻa (ʻeha). ʻO ka nui nui loa. ʻO ka lōʻihi o kona mau kumuwaiwai e hele i ka 36 m, a ʻo ka diameter o ke kumu o ke kūpaʻa he 15 cm. Ua uhi ʻia nā wana i kahi ʻano keʻokeʻo mālamalama me nā ʻōleʻe kūpaʻa. Kūleʻa nā lau a i ʻole ka lau o 16 cm i ka lōʻihi. Loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻeleʻele uliuli uliuli a me nā niho liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao. Nā pua pua-ʻōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo me ka diameter o 1.5-2 cm pua ma Iulai. Ma Kepakemapa, ʻāpana o nā hua oval o ka oval me ka diameter o 1.5-3 cm ripen. Nā ʻano:
- ʻAiʻopaʻo Actinidia. ʻO kahi mea kanu kūlohelohe i waena o Kepakemapa e hāʻawi i nā hua mua - hua kaila cylindrical paona a ʻoi aku paha a hiki i ka 18 g.
- Maʻa nui. Aia ke kūpaʻa a me ka kūlohelohe o ka hoaaloha e hāʻawi i nā hua oval i ke kaupaona ʻana o 10-18 g.
He ʻono a Actinidia. Hoʻopili ʻia ka māla paleke a 9 m i ka lōʻihi me ka lau o ka petiolate ovoid 7-13 cm ka lōʻihi. I nā lau ʻōpio aia nā hua ʻulaʻula. Hoʻoulu ka pua a ka meakē, ʻo nā pua ʻōkō bisexual ma luna. Ke ulu nui nei nā pipi i nā huaʻehā o nā lau. Hoʻopiliʻia nā huaʻaiʻai keu me ka diameter o 5-6 cm me nā ʻili brown fleecy. Ma lalo o kahi waiho i kahi pulupulu ihe hina piha-hua me nā hua ʻeleʻele liʻiliʻi.
Actinidia colomictus. Kūpaʻa ka pōo-kū i kahi hau i 5-10 m Ma ke kumu, ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka huina he e pili ana i 2 cm.ʻO ka lau o ka serrate e 7-16 cm ka lōʻihi e ulu ana i nā petiula ulaula, a uhi ʻia i ka paila ʻulaʻula ma nā ural. Loaʻa nā mea kanu a nā kāne. I ke kauwela, i ka wā e ulu ai ka ulu, ua kiʻi ka ʻāpana o ka lau i kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo-ʻulaʻula, a ma hope e lilo i ka ʻakaʻaka ʻulaʻula. I ka hopena he lōʻai, ua hōʻike ʻia nā huaʻuila me nā kala melemele a i ʻole nā ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā kala ʻulaʻula. I ka Iulai, pua nā pua ʻala, a i ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemapa, ua aila nā hua uliuli 20-25 mm lōʻihi. Nā ʻano:
- Adamu - ornamental deciduous male plant;
- ʻO Dr. Shimanovsky - kahi lāʻau kanu dioecious me nā lau pinkish a me nā hua momona maikaʻi;
- Clara Zetkin - kahi mea kanu wahine i mea ʻala, nā hua momona e kaupaona ana ma kahi o 3,5 g;
- Vitacola - hāʻawi aku i nā hua momona a me nā ʻono a hiki i ka 4,5 cm lōʻihi;
- Gourmet - hiki i ka mea kanu ke hāʻawi i nā hua momona a me nā ʻono me ke ʻano o ka paina paona 4-5.5 g.
Actinidia Giralda. ʻO ka mea kanu līlio, e like me ka actinidia maʻa. ʻO kāna hua momona a maikaʻi loa e uhi ʻia me ka ʻili emerald kino. Nā ʻano:
- Juliania - nā hua cylindrical me ka wai-paila-paila a me ka momona maikaʻi e kau ana i kahi g 10-15 g;
- Alevtina - nā hua emerald ʻano like me ke kaupaona ʻana ma kahi o 12-20 g ka mea e like me ka meli, ka paina a me ka lae lau nahele i ka manawa like.
Actinidia polygamous. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi vine maikaʻi me ke kiʻekiʻe o 4-5 m ua uhi ʻia me nā lau oval me kahi kihi. Hoʻoulu ka mea kanu i nā pua liʻiliʻi keʻokeʻo, a ma hope e hāʻawi i nā hua momona a me nā ʻono kūpono ke kaupaona ʻia ma kahi o 3 g.
ʻAlaʻai huaʻai
No ka lūlū hua, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā hua hou. Hiki ke kūʻai ʻia iā lākou ma kahi hale kūʻai a loaʻa paha ia i kahi hua momona iā ʻoe iho. E hoʻomoʻi i ka pulp ma ke cheesecloth, a laila holoi a hoʻomoʻo i nā hua ma kahi anuanu, shaded. Ma mua o ka lulu, pono ke hoʻomākaukau. ʻO ka mua, kāʻai nā hua i nā wai mahana no nā lā 4. Hoʻololi ʻia ka wai i kēlā me kēia lā. A laila e kau ʻia i loko o kahi lāʻau laʻa a hoʻohuʻu ʻia no 3 mau hebedoma i ka pā miulē me ka mahana o + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hōʻike pule pule e holoi a holoi ʻia. I ka mahina mua o Ianuali, ua kanu ʻia kahi pahu me nā one a me nā hua kanu i loko o kahi hau a i hoʻomoʻa ʻia paha no ka 2 mau mahina. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻoneʻe aku i ka hebedoma a holoi i nā huaʻai i ka lāʻau.
Ma hope o kēlā hoʻomākaukau lōʻihi, e lūlū ʻia nā hua i loko o nā pahu me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻāina turf a me ka one i ka hohonu o 0.5 cm. E hele mai ana nā pana i loko o kekahi mau lā. Mālama ʻia lākou i ke ana o ka lumi a ma ke kukui ambient māmā. He mea nui ia e pīpī a hoʻoinu i nā mea kanu i kēlā me kēia lā. I ke kauwela, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me nā lau 3-4 i loko o kahi hale lāʻau, kahi e ulu ai lākou i nā makahiki he nui ma mua o ka pua. Ke hoʻoholo nei ka moena o nā hua, hiki ke kanu ʻia i loko o ka māla ma kahi paʻa.
Hoʻōlaʻi mea kanu
Hōʻalo ka mea kanu i nā mea mahiʻai no ka mea hiki ke hoʻomaopopo koke iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka hua huakaʻi a ke kali ʻole no ka pua. Eia nō naʻe me kēia ʻano hana, e hoʻomau ʻia nā mea ʻanoʻokoʻa. ʻO nā kumu nui o ka uluʻana o nā ulu lāʻau.
- ʻOkiʻoki ʻala. I ke kauwela wela, eʻokiʻoki ʻia nā wana keu makahiki he 50-100 cm mai nā piko o ke kumu waina, ua lawe ʻia ke kanu ʻia i ke kakahiaka a waiho ʻia nā mea kanu i loko o kahi pā wai. A laila ʻokiʻoki i kēlā me kēia lālā lōʻihi i ʻokiʻoki i ka 10-15 cm me 3 mau lau. Hana ʻia ka ʻoki haʻahaʻa ma lalo o ka wahī, a neʻe ʻia ka ʻaupō iho. ʻO ka ʻoki luna loa 4-5 cm ma luna o ka pale. Hoʻohana ʻia nā loina i ka hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka lepo makemū-humus lepo. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki ma ke kihi o 60 ° me kahi mamao o 5-10 cm. Ua kanu lākou i ka lālā waena. Hoʻopūkū pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu a kanu ʻia i ka manawa 5 i ka lā. I ka wā lulu, hui ʻia nā ʻokiʻoki me nā lau hāʻule. A hiki i ka pūnāwai hope, noho lākou i ka wahi hoʻokahi. Hoʻopili ʻia ka pīkoi ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kahe wai.
- ʻO ke kipi o ka lignified ʻokiʻoki. I ka lōkuhi i ka lōlihi, ua ʻoki ʻia nā pua lignified, nakinaki ʻia i loko o nā kāʻei liʻiliʻi a mālama mau i kahi paʻa i kahi pahu. ʻAʻole pono ka lōʻihi o ke anu + 1 ... + 5 ° C. I ka wā mua, ua kanu ʻia lākou i loko o kahi hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a hoʻomaka i ka wai. Ua like ka mālama ʻana me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻokiʻoki ʻala.
- Aila Arc. Ke pua nei nā lau, hoʻopō ʻia a pana nui ʻia i ka lepo. Hāʻawi ʻia kahi papelī 10-15 cm kiʻekiʻe ma luna a hoʻoinu ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia i kēlā me nā manawa a pau, akā e waiho ma luna o ka ʻōpū. Ma ka wā e pono ai, e ulu ana ka pana i kona mau aʻa. Ua ʻoki ʻia a kanu ʻia kahi kaʻawale. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i ka hoʻololi a hiki i ka pūnāwai e hiki mai ana.
Kūʻai a mālama mālama
Hoʻomaka ʻia ʻo Actinidia i ke kōkā i ka wā mua a i ka wā lulu paha. Makemake nui nā mea kanu i ka lepo momona. No kēlā me kēia mea ka lōkahi i kahi lua he 50 cm hohonu.ʻulu ʻia ka gravel a gravel ma lalo. Kahi ʻia ke ana o ka aʻa ma kahi o ka 2 cm. Pono ka liʻiliʻi o ka liʻiliʻi a i ʻole ke kūpaʻa ka lepo, ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lime. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka peat a me ka compost ma ka lepo. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me ka ammonium nitrate, ka lehu lāʻau a me ka superphosphate. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā huahele he 1-1,5 m.
Pēlā ka hua o actinidia i nā hua, no kēlā me kēia 6-7 mau wahine kanu i kanu ʻia ai kahi kāne. Pono ka kokoke o lākou āpau i kēlā me kēia i hiki i nā iniseti ke neʻe ma waena o nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻole loaʻa a Actinidia i kahi pakani a i nā aerial wai ʻole, no laila mai ka manawa o ke kanu ʻana, pono ʻoe e mālama koke i ke kākoʻo. Hiki i kēia he pa, wicker wall of the gazebo, arch or other structure.
Pono ka mea kanu i ka inu mau. Manea ʻia e hoʻoinu i ka lāʻau ma ke kahe ʻana ma ka liʻiliʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi pule. I ka makeʻana, 6-8 mau wai ehia wai i ninini ʻia ma ka hebedoma ma lalo o ke aʻa. Hoʻopau pinepine ka lepo i nā aʻa a wehe i nā nāhelehele.
Hoʻololi hānai nā mea kanu i hoʻokahi mahina me nā punawai mineral me ka haukapila, ka phosphorus a me ka pāhare. Hoʻopau ʻia nā mea minamina i ke ʻano o nā peʻa i ke alo o ka honua i nā aʻa.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka mea kanu i ka 4-5 makahiki. Pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau i ka lei a hoʻoponopono i nā wana ma ke kākoʻo. Hoʻopau nā kala palupalu a me nā hua. E hōʻoki i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e hoʻonui i ka branching. I nā makahiki he 8-10, ua hoʻoikaika ka mea kanu. I ka ʻōkuhi lohi, ʻoki ʻia ka ʻāpana āpau i ka hemp 40 cm i ke kiʻekiʻe.
No ka hoʻoilo, hoʻoilo ʻia ka koi mai kona kākoʻo a waiho i ka ʻāina. Mai luna mai ua pīpī ʻia ʻia me nā lau hāʻule a lulu i nā lālā a hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe o 20 cm. Pono e kau ʻia ka hilo mai nā ʻiʻo ma ka ʻāina pono ʻole i hōʻino lākou i ka mea kanu. I ka pūnāwai, lawe ʻia ka wahi malu, lawe ʻia ka nānā ʻana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā ʻōpio ma ke kākoʻo.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā contraindications
He nui nā pono a Actinidia. Aia nā hua momona i ka nui o ka waikawa ascorbic, nā momona momona, nā micro a me nā macro element. Ke hoʻohana nei iā lākou, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kino a hoʻoikaika i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻonui ka hua ʻala i ka pertussis, scurvy, anemia, bronchitis, tuberkulosis, rheumatism, constipation, dizziness, hypertension a me ke kuni.
ʻAi lākou i nā huaʻai hou a hana i nā pulupua, mālama, ke aniani, nā hua ʻāpala, marmalade. Loaʻa hoʻi i ka hua manu, nā lau a me nā pua nā waiwai maikaʻi. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia nā decoction a me nā ʻaila mai lākou mai no ka hana o loko, ke aʻa a me ka massage therapeutic.
Ma muli o ka nui o nā mea ikaika, ka actinidia ua contraindicated i ka poʻe i makemake i nā hopena aler i ka maʻi, e hōʻeha ana i ka thrombophlebitis, varicose veins, high coagulation koko.
