Hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻiʻo Grapes: ulu mākou me nā pilikia ʻole

ʻO ke aloha o ke kumu waina a me nā makana manamana hiki mai i ka hohonu o nā kenekulia. A i kēia lā, mahalo nui nā māla i kēia mea kanu kupaianaha: mālama maikaʻi lākou ia, ʻoni a hoʻoulu iā ia, no ka manawa hope hiki iā lākou ke leʻaleʻa maikaʻi i nā hua o ka ʻona ʻona ʻole a inu i kahi kīʻaha maikaʻi o ka waina me nā hoa. E pili ana i kahi ʻano grape me kahi inoa hoʻowalewale ʻo Pretty wahine i lohe i kēia kenekulia. Hiki ke loaʻa nā pua kūleʻa i kēia manawa ma nā māla he nui.

ʻO ka mōʻaukala o nā mea kanu

Wahi a terminology botanical, ʻaʻole he ʻano like ʻo Grape Beauty, akā he ʻano hua pua nani. Ua bred ia i 2004 e ka breeder hōʻike hōʻike E.G. ʻO Pavlovsky ma o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka ʻano makuahine me Victoria me ke kāwili ʻana o ka polū mai Amur a me nā pilu Europa.

I ka hopena honu i hoʻoili ʻia nā kūlana maikaʻi loa o ka ʻano makuahine.

• hua mua nā hua;
• la-waena pā;
• kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻala ʻana i ka hua waina.

Akā, i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me nā ʻano like ʻole, he nui nā pono o ka Beauty:

• hiʻohiʻona nani;
• maikaʻi loa o nā huaʻai;
• nui-fruited;
• paʻakiki maikaʻi maikaʻi;
• kūleʻa ka hua.

Ma muli o kēia, loaʻa nā winegrowers i kahi ʻano papa maikaʻi maikaʻi loa me nā hua kupaianaha maikaʻi, i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā mea ʻokoʻa ʻole a me nā mea ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi. Mahalo i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona, loaʻa ka hua waina i kona inoa - ʻo ka nani.

Wikiō: Nā hua waina maikaʻi

//youtube.com/watch?v=wvI4RFcCT5Q

ʻOka wehewehe

1. ʻO ka nui ka pā. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano ākea e kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻala ʻana i ka waina, ma kahi o 80-90%.
2. Hoʻohana ka ʻōnaehana o ka mea kanu, pālahalaha, kūlohelohe, me kahi hoʻonohonoho paʻa o nā aʻa o ka calcaneal i ka lepo.
3. ʻO nā inflorescences i ka Beauty he bisexual, ka mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomākeʻe waena o waena o nā lāʻau kūpeʻe.
4. ʻO nā lūlū hua, elongated, cone-form, medium friability, maʻa nui. ʻO ka paona o ka pīpī mai 500 a 800 paha, me ka hoʻomehana lāʻau maikaʻi e hōʻea i ka 1 kg.
5. Aia nā hua ʻona o ka nani i kahi oval, ʻokoʻa elongated a nani loa ke nānā ʻia ma muli o ke kala ʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kala ʻulaʻula uliuli ma ke kumu o ka hua e huli ʻulaʻula ʻia ma ka hopena. ʻO ka paona o kahi mālahele e pili ana i 10 g. Pōpopo ka manamana, akā ʻaʻole palupalu.
6. ʻO ka puluku o ka hua he pala, crispy, keʻono ʻono. Ua hōʻoluʻolu ʻia ka hopena, ʻike ʻia ka manaʻo muscat. Ma ka palau aia kahi liʻiliʻi. Hoʻomaka ʻole nā ​​hua i loko o ka pulima. ʻO ka loiloi loiloi o ka ʻono - 4.6 mai 5 o nāʻaoʻao.

Hoʻonohonoho ka mea like i kona inoa me kahi hiʻohiʻona nani a me ka hoʻonoʻa o nā hua hua.

Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻano

He nui nā pono o nā hua waina maikaʻi:

1. He wā lōlihi mua ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, nā lā 105-120 mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka manawa ulu.
2. Ua paʻa ka hopena, ʻoi aku, me ka ʻenehana ʻoihana maikaʻi maikaʻi ke ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka awelika.
3. ʻO ka nui loa ma luna o ka ulu lāʻau he 30-40 mau maka.
4. I nā kūlana o ke kauwela wela, ʻaʻole e maloo nā hua, mālama i ka juiciness.
5. ʻO ka mālama nui a me ka hiki ʻana o nā halihali.
6. Kūʻē kūpono i ke hau kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe a hiki i -24^ºC) I kēia manawa, ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei ka ʻano hua e like me ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo a ke aʻo ʻia nei no ka hānai o nā mea hoʻohuli o nā keiki.
7. ʻO kahi hoʻohui hou ʻo ke pale maikaʻi ʻana o nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i nā wai puna.
8. Loaʻa ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi ʻoi.

E like me kāu e ʻike ai, ʻaʻohe kūpono o nā mea kanu. No laila he nani nā lehelehe nani:

1. Ke ʻoki ʻana o nā hua hua i nā lehelehe like ʻole me ka neʻe o ka ikaika mai ka loaʻa ʻole o ka malū o ka lepo i ka wā maloʻo a hiki i kāna lako momona (i ke wā hoʻoilo wela. I mea e mālama ai i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, e pono ʻia ka wai i ka lāʻau me ka wela ikaika. Hoʻomaopopo kekahi mau mea ulu ʻana i ka huki ʻana i nā lāʻau.
2. ʻO nā overripe huaʻa ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka momona hiki ke hōʻino i nā wasps.

He nani nā nani o nā pua bisexual, no laila, ʻaʻole pono e koho kīnā ʻia

Nā hiʻohiʻona momona

ʻO nā hua waina he huaʻai na thermophilic peroli, no laila he mea nui ia e kuhikuhi maopopo i ke kahua no kāna ulu ʻana.

1. ʻAʻole ʻae nā lāʻau waina i ka pale. Ke kanu ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka hale, pono lākou e kanu ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a i ʻole hema ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka hale ma kahi mamao ʻaʻole kokoke i 2 m. He mau lāʻau ulu ikaika e pono ai ma ka ʻaoʻao, a i ʻole, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaoʻao o ka ʻaoʻao ma kahi o 5 m mai nā hua waina, nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi - ʻaʻole i kokoke aʻe ma 2 m. E hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka māla mai ka ʻākau a i ke hema ke hoʻomāliʻi ʻia i nā mea kanu e ka lā ma ka lā a pau.
2. Ke lilo nei i kahi huaʻai i ka wela, ʻaʻole i ʻāpono nā palapala i nā kūlana ʻino. No laila, pono ʻoe e kau iā ia i kahi e mālama ʻia ai mai nā makani anuanu, ka hala o ka pūnāwai a me nā ʻala o ka lūlū. Inā loaʻa ka pākuhi i kahi papa ʻōlelo, a laila kanu ʻia nā hua waina ma nā ʻaoʻao hema a i ʻole hema.
3. Hoʻoulu maikaʻi nā kumulāʻau i nā ʻano o nā ʻāina, akā ʻo ka mea i makemake nui ʻia no ka gravelly a i ʻole ka mea paʻa, hoʻohuʻaha ʻia a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi. Inā ʻokoʻa ka lepo ma ka pūnaewele i ka ulu ʻana, a laila e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kahi lepo liʻiliʻi no ka māla waina ma mua o nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole kanu nā hua waina i kahi e piʻi ai ka wai hohonu ma mua o 1.5 m a i ka lepo. ʻAʻole ʻae ka mea kanu i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka lime a me nā paʻakai. Pono ia he kūleʻa a pale iki paha ka hopena o ka lepo (pH 6.5-7). Loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ma o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua waina ma nā wahi me ka lepo hohonu hohonu, ma nā wahi hoʻopiha, nā kahua kūkulu, nā wahi o nā kahua kūkulu kūkulu ʻia ma kahi o nā ʻāina he mea e pili ana i ka hana lepo, nā ʻōpala paʻa pōhaku, ke one a me nā koena hanu decomposed.
4. Inā hoʻolālā ʻoe e ulu i nā hua waina ma kahi moʻomeheu paia, ua kanu ʻia nā lāʻau 1 m mai ka paia. Kūkulu nā hale keleawe, nā kaupalena a me nā paia o nā hale i kahi microclimate makemake nui no ka ulu a me nā hua o nā lāʻau.
5. Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā hua waina ma ke ʻano he ʻano kūlohelohe e hoʻomākaʻi ʻia i kahi ala loloa, hoʻouna pinepine ʻia i ka hale o ka hale, pale a me nā kākoʻo ʻē aʻe. E like me ke kānāwai, ua kanu kahi lāʻau ma kahi hoʻokahi, aʻo kona lei me ka hua i loaʻa ma kahi ʻē aʻe i kūpono iā ʻoe. Hoʻohana ʻia ka palena o ka pūnaewele ma kēia hihia.

Pono nā mākeke maikaʻi i ka aila maikaʻi i ka lā āpau.

ʻAʻole kūpono nā haʻahaʻa a me nā hollows i ka mahiʻai, no ka mea e hōʻiliʻili lākou i ka umauma, a aia kahi pōʻino maoli i ka hoʻopōʻino ʻana i nā māla waina i nā makahiki hoʻoilo, a me nā mea pani koke ʻole i ka wā lulu a me ka hopena hope.

Pahu ka hohonu o ka lepo i ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā aʻa o nā hua waina. No ka hoʻohālike, i nā lepo palapū, ʻaʻole ulu nā aʻa. No laila, ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i nā hua, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka lepo kaumaha ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke one a me ka chernozem i ka lua kanu.

Ke kanu nei i kahi mea kanu huaʻa, pono ia e mālama i ka hohonu o ka waiho ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana o nā hua waina i ka lua kanu (e pili ana i 60 cm) a i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka lua, waiho i 15 cm ka pae o ka ʻāina

He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana o ke kanu waina, akā he mau hiʻohiʻona:

1. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana, he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha o nā pua ikaika a i hoʻomohala ʻē aʻe ma luna o ke ʻano kanu, kahi e hoʻoili ai nā pua pua i nā makahiki ma hope aʻe. Ua ʻoki ʻia i nā maka ʻelua a ʻekolu paha. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā koena ʻoki.
2. ʻO nā kumu kumu nui o ka hua kanu (calcaneal), kahi e lilo ai i mea waiwai nui o ke kumulāʻau, ua ʻoki ʻia i ka lōʻihi o 15-20 cm. Ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā koena e koe.
3. Manaʻo ʻia e kanu i nā mea kanu no 1-2 mau lā ma ka wai ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka lua e hana ai i kahi kulu makika i nā a me nā aʻa.
4. ʻO ka mamao i ʻōlelo ʻia ma waena o nā mākeke, pono e mālama ʻia me kahi hoʻolālā kiʻekiʻe, mai 1.3 a 1.8 m, ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani mai 2 a 3,5 m.

ʻO ka wā maikaʻi loa no ka kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu he mua, ma mua o ka wana ʻana o nā pua a hoʻōla ʻia nā hana ulu. Ke hele ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o ka hau, ua mākaukau nā mea kanu me kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa i ka kanu. Kahi nui ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kumu waina ma ka hoʻomanahana ʻana i ka lepo a me ka hau a puni: hele ka lāʻau i kahi kūlana o ka hoʻomaha inā pau ka mahana ma lalo o 10^{e pili ana}C. No laila, kanu maikaʻi nā mea kanu i ka wā e hoʻomehana ai ka lepo ma luna o 15^ºC.

Ke ulu nei

ʻO ke kaʻina o ka mahiʻai i nā hua waina e komo me ka wehe pinepine ʻana i ka lepo ma lalo o nā mea kanu a ma waena o nā lālani, ka luku ʻia ʻana o nā nāhelehele, ka wai, ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono ʻana a me ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pua. I nā wahi kahi i ulu nui ai nā uhi uhi uhi, pale aku nā wī iā lākou i ka hau ma ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo a me nā wā ākea.

Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai

Nui ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā hua waina i ka makahiki mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. Inā he ua kūlohelohe, pono ka hoʻohālikelike i ka wai i ka manawa ma 1 ka manawa i hoʻokahi pule.

I ka lā maloʻo, e hoʻomoʻo i ka lepo ma lalo o nā hua waina i kēlā me kēia lā.

I ka makahiki ʻelua a ma hope o ka kanu ʻana, ʻelua mau ʻano o ka hana ʻānela nui e hoʻohana ana: ke koi ʻana o ka umu (a hiki i ka ʻoka ke hoka) a me nā mea kanu (i ka manawa o ka ulu ulu ʻana). 10 mau lā ma mua o ka make ʻana o ka hua, pono e oki ʻia ka wai e pale i ka huki ʻana o nā hua.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi papa o ka māla i ka lepo e hāʻawi ʻia e ka mulching. I ka manawa like, e hoʻopau aku i ka nāhelehele a hoʻonui i ka ulu a loaʻa i nā māla. No ka mulching, roture manure, peat a ʻĀkele paha i hoʻohana ʻia, a me ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni ʻeleʻele.

ʻOi aku ka lole

Hoʻomoe ʻia nā hua waina i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka wā e ulu ana a me ka hua i loko o kahi nui.

Palapala papa: ke aʻa a me nā foliar poʻohilohi e kū pono ana i nā hua waina

Nā wikiō: nā ōlaʻi foliar ʻoi

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Kūpono nā lāʻau

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hopena o nā hua waina i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka lāʻau. ʻO kēia ka helu o nā hua ulu (maka) i waiho ʻia ma ke kumu waina i ka manawa o ka hōʻiliʻili. Ma muli o kahi hōʻina ikaika o nā maka, he liʻiliʻi iki, a laila e nawaliwali kahi ukana. E komo kēia i kahi hōʻemi ma luna o ka hopena. ʻAʻole hoʻohana pono ʻia ka ʻoniʻō o ka nahele no ka mea kanu. Ma ke kaʻina o ka ulu a me ka hoʻomohalaʻana i ke kumuwaina, ke hoʻoholo ʻia nei ka waiwai nui o ka ukana. No ka mea kahakaha ʻelua mau makahiki, ua like ia me 50% o ka lāʻau i kauoha ʻia no nā lāʻau hua ʻai, no kahi kanu ʻekolu makahiki - 75-80% o kēia ʻano.

No ka loaʻa o ka hua kūpono, pono ke kohi lāʻau i ia makahiki. I ka wā lohi, ma hope o ka hāʻule o ka lau, ua pōkole nā ​​kumu i ka pae o ka 3 a i ʻole 4 mauʻano. I loko o kahi mea kanu i ʻelua makahiki, ʻehā ʻehā mau ulu i ulu a i ke ola e waiho ʻia, a ʻoki ʻia ke koena. A laila ua hōʻoki ʻia lākou i ka male 5. ʻO kahi lāʻau i hoʻopōkolu ʻia ʻekolu makahiki e lawe i nā hua waina 4. E kūkulu i ka ikaika, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā hua hua ma ka awelika a ʻekolu ma kēlā me ke kumu waina, me ka hoʻonui pinepine ʻana i ka nui o nā kumu waina. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu hua ma nā maka 6-8, akā ua ʻae ʻia ma nā maka 4-6.

Vitio: trellis form of grape shoots

ʻO ka mea maikaʻi ke kumu waina a ulu i nā wana lōʻihi i ka wā e ulu ana, e paʻa ana kāna mau hua kanu a me nā hua hua. Ke ulu nei i nā hua waina i kahi home a i ʻole ʻaina kauwela, hoʻohana nā ʻōnaehana kākoʻo penei: trellis, gazebo, parietal, stake. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā trellis.

ʻO ka trellis ka mea e kūkulu ai i nā pou (ka lāʻau paʻa paʻa, ke keleawe a me ka lāʻau) a me ke kelepona (ʻoi aku paha ka galvanized). ʻEwili a ʻokoʻa nā wana i kau ʻia ma luna o nā ʻāpana, loaʻa iā lākou ka nui o ka wela a me ka lā. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka wahi o nā kumu ma luna o ka ʻāina e hoʻomālamalama i ka māla ʻana i ka wā e mālama ai i nā mea kanu a hōʻiliʻili.

ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻoki waina ma kahi trellis e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomohala a loaʻa aku iā lākou ka nui o ka māmā a me ka wela

E kaua aku i nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o nā hua waina

ʻO ka ʻano like ʻole o ke ʻano like ʻole o nā maʻi ʻoi. ʻO ka pōʻino nui loa i ka mea kanu, he wili, hina hina, anthracnose a meidium.

Kāhea nā huaʻai

ʻO ka hōʻailona mua o ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula ma luna o ka lau o nā lau, a ma ka ʻaoʻao hope hope - he laula keʻokeʻo. Hoʻokomo ka ʻōpū i nā lau, ʻōpio ʻōpio, a laila waiho i nā hua. ʻO ka wahi i hoʻopili ʻia o ka mea kanu i maloʻo a hāʻule, lilo nā hua a maloʻo a maloʻo mau i nā huaʻai. Pāpono ʻia ka pālahalaha o ka ʻōpū ma o ka hoʻonui nui ʻana i ka hāhā i loko o ka ulu a me ka hoʻopaʻala ʻana aʻe. Nā nāwaliwali nāwaliwali i ka mea kanu a hōʻemi i ka loaʻa. No ke kūleʻa i ka ate, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Ridomil Gold a me Amistar i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana.

Me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he ulaula keʻokeʻo e loaʻa ana i hope o ka pale

Grey pala

ʻO ka maʻi o nā hua waina me ka hina hina ka mea maʻalahi e hoʻoholo e nā ʻāpana brown me kahi kāʻei ʻana o ka lehu. Hoʻokumu ka spungal i kahi pani, i ka wā wela (22-28^ºC) a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopilikia koke i ka mea kanu. Ma kēia hihia, maloʻo nā lau o nā hua waina a hāʻule i lalo, a hāʻule nā ​​mea pua, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā ʻōpio, ʻoi aku ka ʻōpala a make. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka hua pua i ka manawa holo ulu o ka ulu lāʻau a hiki i ka hoʻopilikia i nā inflorescences a me nā hua nāʻaila. Hoʻololi ka pua i ka hina a hāʻule, a uhi ʻia nā hua me ke ʻano o ka lepo hina a pala.

ʻO ke hakakā me nā maʻi hina hina ka iʻa ʻana i nā lāʻau me nā fungicides Ronilan, Rovral, Sumylex, Euparen. He mea aʻoaʻo ia e hana i ka hoʻoili ʻana ʻekolu mau manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki: ma mua o ka pua ʻana (i ka Mei), ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā ovaries (i Iune) a i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ka hua (i ka Iulai). Maikaʻi nō hoʻi e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau nā kānaka no ka hoʻōla ʻana i nā mea kanu: kahi hopena o ka kuke i ka pākī loi ʻole a i ʻole potassium permanganate ʻeleʻele uliuli.

Nā hōʻailona hōʻailona o ka hina hina: brownish-keʻokeʻo kāwele i ka lau a me ka ʻōkō i nā hua ʻalani

ʻOidium fungus

Oidium (paukahi palulu) pōʻino no nā mea kanu hua. Hōʻike ʻia i loko o ka hiʻona ʻāʻī ke keʻokeʻo ma nā lau a me nā ʻoki, i ʻike ʻia i ka puna. I hoʻokahi mahina ma hope mai, loaʻa i ka plakika kahi kala kala-hina. Hoʻomaka ka huaʻehā i ka manawa like, pohō a hāʻule. ʻIke ʻia ka oidium me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka ea a me ka lepo, me ka nui o ke koena o nā kumu lāʻau. Hoʻomaʻomaʻi ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kanu me Thanos, Profit, sulfur-solusi hoʻonā (no ka laʻana, ka azar colloidal) ke pale aku i ka maʻi a hōʻemi paha i ka pae o nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole inā hoʻopilikia ka ʻeha i nā hua waina.

No ka hana ʻana o nā ʻohana he hoʻohana i ka infusion o ka lehu lāʻau i hui ʻia me ka umu holoi, ka mea i hoʻōla ʻia me nā mea kanu.

Hoʻokomo nā Oidium i nā ʻāpana ma nā wahi a pau o ka kumulāʻau, me nā lau, ʻoki a me nā hua

Anthracnose

I waena o nā maʻi ʻoi i ka mea mahele i ka hua waina, aia nō hoʻi ka anthracnose. Aia ia ma nā lau i loko o ke ʻano me nā kiʻi ʻalaʻulaʻula, e alakaʻi i ka make o nā lau lau a me ka hoʻi o nā lua.Nā lau maloʻo a hāʻule. I nā ʻoki, ua hana nā ʻōpala i nā ʻōpio, nā pōpoki brown, nā lālā a ʻoliki a ʻaki. Hoʻomau nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i pālahalaha a lilo i pala. I nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ulia nā ulia i ke ʻano o nā wahi i poni a i ʻole ʻulaʻula. Berili a ʻokiʻoki. Lawe ʻia nā ʻuʻuku a Anthracnose e nā iniseti a me ka makani. Hoʻonui ʻia ka maʻi ākea ma ka mahana o ka ea ma luna o 25^ºC, ma hope o ka ua me ka huahekili a me ka hoʻohemo wai ʻana i ka lepo ma muli o ka hoʻohālike nui.

I mea e pale ai i nā kumulāʻau mai nā hōʻike o ka anthracnose i ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka hāē ʻana o nā pua, pono e hoʻoulu ʻia nā ʻōpala me kahi kāwili ʻo Bordeaux ma ka pākuʻu: 700 g o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma kēlā me 10 pā o ka wai. ʻO nā huahana i loaʻa i nā mea keleawe (keleawe klorida, vitriol), 1-3% hāmeʻa Nitrafen i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā mea kanu.

ʻO Anthracnose ke kumu o ka ʻili hua ʻana

ʻO ka pale mai nā manu a me nā wasps

Hoʻomaka pinepine ʻia nā hua ʻōpala o nā hua waina i nā manu a me nā wasps, ka poʻe i makemake e leʻaleʻa i nā hua momona, ʻoi aku ka pīpī ma hope o ka ua. ʻO ke ala e ʻoi aku ka ʻoi loa e pale aku i nā manu e hoʻohana i nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia i ka gauze a i ʻole muslin e paʻa ʻia ma luna o nā bunches. Hoʻokipa pinepine nā wasps i ka gauze. No laila, e pale aku i nā wasps, hiki iā ʻoe ke pīpī i nā ʻōpō me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka pauku mustard (200 g o ka pauka i kēlā pākaha wai).

Papa lāʻau no ka hoʻoilo

ʻOiai ke kūpaʻa nui ʻana o ka hau hau, ʻaʻole ka aʻo ʻia nā ʻano ʻo Krasotka a ʻike ʻia i kēia kuhikuhi, a no laila e pono ai ka pale o nā mea kanu no ka hoʻoilo. He kūpono kēia no nā wahi me nā hau liʻiliʻi a me nā hau hau hau, inā hiki ʻole i nā lāʻau ke mālama pono i ka hoʻoilo ma lalo o ka hoʻoilo kiʻekiʻe. No ka pale ʻana i ka ʻōnaʻo aʻa a hoʻoili ma hope o ka hānai ʻana o ka lūlū a puni ka lāʻau, hana i ka punawai me ka hohonu o 10-15 cm, kahi i piha ai me kahi mānoanoa mākaʻi a i ʻole pit, a ua uhi ʻia i ka lepo mai luna a i lalo i ka pae. Ma ka litter i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ma kēia ala, ua kau ʻia nā waina a uhi ʻia nā mea pale mai luna mai. He kūpono loa kēia ala o ka pale no nā mea kanu ʻōpio.

Mālama nā lāʻau ʻōpio makua iā lākou i ke anu o ka hoʻoilo ma ka hāʻule ʻana iā lākou i ka lepo. No laila ʻaʻole hoʻopā nā mea kanu i ka lepo, pono e kau i nā papa, nā lāʻau lāʻau, nā mea ʻole i kālai ʻia ma lalo o lākou. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā ʻāpana o ke kāwele a ʻohi poʻi maikaʻi a kau ʻia ma nā ʻaoʻao i hoʻomākaukau ʻia, e hoʻopaʻa ana me nā kāʻei a i ʻole nā ​​ʻoka. Mai luna mai, ua uhi ʻia nā wīwī me nā liplap, nā mea ʻole i ulana ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​ʻolima polypropylene i loko o nā papaha. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka popo pine. I kekahi hihia, pono e hanu ka lumi i loko, no laila ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke uhi iā lākou me kahi kiʻi. Nā pale pale lāʻau, slate, linoleum, ruberoid a i ʻole nā ​​polycarbonate i kau ʻia ma luna o nā mea i uhi ʻia. Noho paʻa nā kihi o ka papa me nā piliki a i ʻole e uhi ʻia me ka uhi o ka honua. I ka hoʻoilo, he pono e hoʻolōʻihi i ka hau ma kahi pale, e hoʻonui ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka papa o ka ʻulaʻula.

I mea e pale ai i nā hua waina mai ka hau, uhi lākou i ka ʻāina a uhi iā ia

Hoike Mai

ʻO ka nani ka mea mua i hua i kaʻu hua ma kaʻu pūnaewele a pīhoihoi i nā mea a pau i ʻike iā ia me kona nani a me keʻano kūlike o ka ʻono. I ko mākou mau kūlana, ka mana nui o ka ulu nui, e ʻōpiki mua. Kūpono o nā ʻano conical nani, ʻo ke kaupaona ʻana a hiki i 500-600 g, kuhikuhi ʻia, ikaika pink, me ka pulupulu mānoanoa o nā hua kaupaona a hiki i ka 6-7 g.

ʻO Valentina Nikolaevna Ulyanova, wahi a Chelyabinsk

Nā Māla o ka Lūkini o Rusia, ʻAha 7, ʻOkakopa 2010

ʻO kaʻu mea aloha mua loa iā Beauty i hana ma kahi o ʻelima mau makahiki i hala, ma Taman, i koʻu huakaʻi hele aʻe a hiki i ke kahua ʻo ethnographic. ʻIke wau i nā hua waina maikaʻi loa i ka mākeke kūloko, hoʻāʻo iā ia - ʻaʻole hiki ʻole iaʻu ke pale a kūʻai mai i hoʻokahi mau kilograms, ua noi wau i ka mea kūʻai aku no ka inoa - Pretty Wahine. ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu nui, nānā chic, ʻono maikaʻi - ʻono kūikawā. Ua kūʻai au i kahi 'īliki i hui ʻia ma Cobber i kaʻu hōʻiliʻili - i kēia manawa paʻa - ke kau inoa nei i kēia makahiki. Akā he nui ka poʻe e kākau nei ke mālama nui i ka berry .... a no kēia mea hōʻole ʻole kekahi i kēia palapala. Akā ʻoiai iaʻu, e nānā ʻoe i ka ʻoheu o ka nani, i nā ua ma lalo loa o ke Kuban i ke kauwela he mea ʻole ia - akā naʻe, hiki paha, aia nō ke kī iā ia ... e pono e nānā ...

Andrey Derkach

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Loaʻa i ko mākou Akona nā aʻa make, e hua ana i ka hua no ʻekolu mau makahiki, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia ke kīpē, a ʻaʻole i holo nui ʻia nā wasps, ʻaʻole paha lākou i hoʻāʻo. He nani a ʻono ka Berry.

Nadezhda Viktorovna

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Me ka hiki ʻana mai me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka ulu ʻana nui, pono nui ka ʻano Pretty Wahine i waena o ka poʻe māla. ʻO kona ʻano kūʻokoʻa a me nā hiʻohiʻona o waho, ke kūʻē maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi a me ka unpretentiousness i ka ulu ʻana e hoʻoholo i ke koi no ka nani. A i kēia lā ke hoʻomau nei ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻike mākeke o kēia ʻano like ʻole i nā ʻano ākea ākea a ma nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka lepo.