Uaʻimi mau ʻo Raspberries i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe māla. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka hoihoi i loko o kāna mau hua momona a nui. ʻO kekahi o lākou kekahi i ke kīleʻī Polaka Lyachka, makemake nui loa i Europa. Ua ulu nui ʻia ma ka ʻenehana a me nā mahi lāʻau ponoʻī. ʻO ka huahana a me ka mākeke o kēia hua lāʻau ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e nā māla lawaiʻa a Lūkini a me nā mahiʻai.
Ke ulu nei i ka mōʻaukala
ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo ʻāina ʻāina Lyachka - Polani. Hiki i kēia ʻano ʻano ke kapa ʻia ʻo Lachka, Lyashka, Lashka. ʻOi aku ka inoa o Lyachka ma waena o nā māla lāʻau o Lūkia, akā, i nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻohālikelike i ka ʻōlelo Polish ʻo Lashka.
Loaʻa iā Raspberry Lyachka e ka ʻepekema Polenekia ʻo Jan Danek i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 21 ma Sadowniczym Zakładzie Doświadczalny instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa ma Brzeznej (Institute of Gardening and Floriculture). I ka makahiki 2006 ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ka papa inoa o Poland i nā ʻano, ma 2009 - ma Ukraine. Ua pālahalaha ʻo Lyachka ma Belarus, Moldova, Russia a me Ukraine. ʻAʻole i hoʻokomo ʻia ke ʻano like i loko o ka papa inoa o nā hana i koho ʻia o ka Russian Federation.
ʻO ka wehewehe a me keʻano
Pāpaʻi - maʻamau (ʻaʻole remontantny) raspberry, e hua ana i nā hua i ʻelua mau makahiki ʻelua. Hoʻomaka o ka fruiting mua - pinepine ma ka hopena o Iune i ka latitude hema e hoʻomaka ka ʻala. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻano mea he wā hoʻolōʻihi i ka wā, e hoʻolōʻihi i nā hua i kahi lōʻihi. Ma waena o Rūsia, hoʻomaka nā huaʻai mua e ʻohi i ka waena o Iulai, a i ka hoʻomaka o Kepakemaka mau e loaʻa paha nā hua manu ma nā lāʻau.
Maʻa ka ikaika o ka mea ulu, akā hilinaʻi a pau nā micro-kūlana a me ka mālama. Ke ulu nui nei nā pana mai ka lua a ʻekolu mau mika (i kekahi mau manawa ke hiki iā lākou ke hiki i 3.5 mau mika). Kūpono nā koʻokoʻo, me kahi pani wili, ma ka ʻaoʻao luna e kūlike lākou i ka ʻala like-ʻala. Nui nā kakalaioa, akā ʻaʻole nā pua a, no laila ʻaʻole paʻakikī ka hōʻoki ʻana. Hoʻokahi i nā moena ʻelua, ʻelua i nā loina lōʻihi a maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole paleha ʻia ka ʻano pā i ka ulu ikaika, hana ʻia nā pali kahi i kūleʻa ʻia.
Nui nā hua, mai 6 a 8 mau grika, hiki ke piʻi i 10 grama me ka mālama maikaʻi. ʻUlaʻula ka kala. ʻO kahi ihu me ka puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi. ʻO ke ʻano he elongated-conical me kahi pani blunt. Pāʻuʻi nā hua, drupe ʻuʻuku.
He kūlike ka hoʻonaʻa, momona a me keala, kahi ʻono. Pāʻani hoʻokolohua - 9ʻaoʻao. Me kahi noho lōʻihi ma nā lāʻau ʻole e hina ʻole, akā hoʻoili wale i ka kō a me ka nalo. Hiki i nā huaʻai ke hoʻohana nui.
Ua hōʻike ʻo Transportability kiʻekiʻe, 9 mauʻaoʻao. Eia naʻe, ua māhelehele ʻia nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana aku. Nui nā loiloi he hoʻomau wale ka neʻe ʻana ʻo ka maikaʻi me ka hōʻoki ʻana i ka manawa. Inā nui ka hua ma ka lāʻau ma kahi lōʻihi, a laila eʻeleʻele a ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka lā aʻe i nalowale lākou i ka hōʻike a kahe. Hiki iā mākou ke manaʻo e ʻaʻole i hoʻomaka ʻoe me ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, inā ke makemake ʻia nā huaʻai no ke kaʻa a kūʻai aku.
ʻO ka hopena awelika ma kahi pae ʻāina ʻo 170 kg / ha, ka lōʻihi - 200 kg / ha. Me ka lāʻau hoʻokahi, ua loaʻa i nā māla akamai me ka mālama pono ʻana i 4-5 kg o nā huahana kūʻai.
Wahi a ka wehewehe ʻana o ka mea e hoʻomaka ai, me nā loiloi o nā māla e ulu nei i ka Pōʻala, ka nui o ka huahana, ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o nā huahelu ke loaʻa wale nō inā e nānā pono ʻia nā kūlana ulu.
ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoilo a me ke kūleʻa o ka hau - he 9 mau wahi. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu manuahi i nā pua pua he 5-10%. Wahi a nā hōʻike, hoʻohālikelike nā pua i nā fri -35 ° C. Eia nō naʻe, he hiʻohiʻona ʻo Lyachochka ma muli o nā mea kanu ʻole e hoʻomanawanui mau i ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka wā hoʻomaha o ka hoʻoilo ma Lyachka he pōkole loa - ua waiho ʻia kēia ma ka pae genetic. Me kahi ʻano me ka wā lōʻihi o ka wā o ka hua, hiki i nā mea kanu ke ola i ka manawa lōʻihi i ka hāʻule, a ma muli o ka ʻalaʻala lākou i ala mua. Ma nā hiʻohiʻona i hōʻike ʻia e nā mea hoʻohuli i nā ʻā'ī a hoʻihoʻi i nā piʻi, manuahi ka lolo. Hoʻopau maikaʻi ʻia nā aʻa a ola hou nā mea kanu, akā e hiki mai nā huakaʻi i ka manawa e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia manawa i ka aniʻoluʻolu o nā panina hema o Rūsia a me Ukraine. ʻO ka piko a uhi ʻia me ka hau hoʻoili ʻo Lyachki ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i nā hau anuanu a me ka hoʻoilo ma nā ʻūhā.
E like me nā mea hou he nui, ua kūʻē ʻo Lyachka i nā maʻi maʻamau (8 mau) a me nā pōpoki (7-8 poina) raspberry. I ka wehewehe ʻana o ka like, ua kūʻokoʻa ka pale ʻana i ka pau ʻana o nā ʻōpio a me ke aʻa o nā hua.
Nā wikiō: e nānā i nā hua raspberry ʻo Lyachka
Nā hiʻohiʻona varietal agrotechnics raspberry Lyachka
Hōʻike wale ʻia nā waiwai maikaʻi loa o nā ʻano like ʻole me ka pae kūpono o ka ʻenehana ʻana i ka mahiʻai. He mea nui nā nuances o ka ulu ʻana o Lyachka e haʻi ʻia, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka hopena e loaʻa i ka hopena i manaʻo ʻia. Kūkākūkā ʻia kēia ʻōlelo ma ka wehewehe kuʻina o ka ʻano, a ua hōʻoia ʻia e nā loiloi nui.
Kūʻai
Kūpono ka wahi no ka kanu ʻana i ka lā a me ka hāmama, akā hiki i nā mea kanu ke ʻae i kahi pale liʻiliʻi me ka ʻole o ka ʻeha. No ka hana ʻana i kēia ʻano hana, ua makemake ʻia e 2.0x0.5 m. Me kēia wahi, loaʻa ka raspberry i kahi nui no ka hoʻomohala piha.
ʻO nā māla momona hoʻomālamalama me kahi hopena o ke kūpaʻa a i ʻole e kūleʻa paha i makemake nui ʻia no ka mahi ʻana. Kahi pono ʻole nā kula kumu ʻōpio. Ka ʻōlelo a ka wai a me ka wai o ka ʻāina ma ke ʻano he mea pono ʻole no ka hoʻopōmaikaʻi ʻana a me ka hua o nā mea kanu i hōʻike ʻia i ka mea i hoʻopuka ʻia.
Hana ʻo Raspberry Lyachka i nā koi kiʻekiʻe i ka ulu ʻāina. Ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka lepo, mea nui ia e hoʻopiha pono me nā kolamu organik. No ka eli ʻana, e hana i nā 2-3 kīʻaha o humus a iʻa paha no kēlā me kēia 1 mita square. I ka wā kanu, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi hui o ka lehu lāʻau me nā minerala mineral paʻakikī i loko o ka lua.
Inā ʻaʻole i lawa nā wana kumukanawai no ka hoʻolaha, a laila e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka māla, hiki i ka Lyachka ke kūleʻa maikaʻi e hoʻomōhala ʻia e ke ala ʻokiʻoki. ʻO ke koena o nā koi no ka pale ʻana i nā Pōkōlika ua like ia me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe a pau.
Wikiō: ka laha ʻana o ka lāʻau raspberry ma o nā ʻokiʻoki
Mālama
No ka hoʻopau nui ʻana o nā ʻano nui i nā kumuwaiwai no ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hopena o ka hua, pono ia e hoʻopili i ka maʻamau maʻamau o nā wana i mea e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ukana ma nā mea kanu. I nā makahiki makahiki a me nā makahiki ʻelua, lawa ia e haʻalele i ka 2-3 o nā pua ikaika loa. ʻO ka ukana nui loa ma luna o kahi lāʻau pākeke ʻo 5-7 nā kūlā. A ʻo ka luku pinepine ʻana nō lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka mea e pono ʻole ai, hiki ke hana ʻia me ka nui o ka haʻahaʻa a me ka nui o nā mea kanu nitrogen.
ʻOiai ke koʻikoʻi o ka lāʻau, ʻaʻole kū nā kumu i ka ukana o ka ʻohi a ke koi nei i ka pale hale. ʻO nā wana kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ma nā wahi ua (no ka laʻana, e like me Northheast) hiki i ka 3.5 mika, ʻaʻole ʻia he palena no ka ulu ʻana. ʻO ka pinching kauwela ka mea e wili ai i ka hoʻopōkole a me ka lohi i ka wā o ka lāʻau, kahi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka paʻakikī ʻo ka hoʻoilo. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e ʻokiʻoki i nā mauʻu i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi aniani ʻelua mika i ka pūnāwai.
I ka weheweheʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia ke ahulau o ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻano like ʻole, akā, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana, ʻaʻole lawa ka wai i hoʻopulapula i ka nui a me ka maikaʻi o ka hua. Kuhi ka papahana hana i nā wai wai he 5-7 i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
- 1-2 mau manawa ma mua o ka pua;
- ka manawa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻokumu a me ka ʻoki ʻana i ka hua - 2-3 mau manawa;
- ma hope o ka hoʻōlaʻai - 2 mau manawa (i ka hāʻule kulu ua hoʻonaninani lākou i ka manawa).
Pono pono ka kanu ʻana i ka ʻāina i ka hohonu o nā aʻa kanu (20-40 cm), no kēia 1 m2 pono e hoʻolilo i ka 30-40 lita wai. I nā ua ua nui a ma nā ʻāina ikaika, mālama ʻia ka ʻano o ka irrigation e pale aku ai i ka nui ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka ʻāina wai.
Pono ka pōkole e hāʻawi i ka nui o ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, e like me nā mea kanu, me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopau loa i nā huaʻai a hoʻohemo i ka lepo. Pono ka raspberry i ka nitrogen, aia i ka nui o nā nui i nā ʻōpala pipi a me nā ʻolua o nā moa. ʻO ka pīpī me ka wai i hoʻowalewale ʻia i ka wai o nā kahu manu (1:10 ratio) a me nā hana manu manu (1:20 bred) ka mea i ʻoi loa i nā raspberry. E hana i kēlā mau hoʻonā i ka palena o 3-5 lita no 1 m2. ^ E Ha yM. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kahakaha i nā mea ola me ka hui pālua o Kemir (3 mau pākaha no 10 mau wai o ka wai) a i ʻole ka hopena urea (30 g / 10 l).
He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo e pili ʻia nā kōkui ʻapikō i ka hapa mua o ke kauwela, ke hōʻeuʻeu nei lākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ia ka mea e pale ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka lāʻau a hoʻopilikia maikaʻi ʻole i ka paʻakikī ʻo ka hoʻoilo.
ʻO ka lole topela mua e lawe ʻia ana i loko o ka wai ma hope o ke kolo ʻana. A laila hānai iā lākou i ʻelua manawa ʻelua me ka manawa o 2-3 mau pule. I ka wā huakaʻi, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka phosphorus a me nā pāhare paʻakai. I ka hoʻoilo, hoʻohui ʻia ka paʻakai pākahi ma ke ana o 40 g no 1 m2, kahi e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka 1,4 l o ka lehu lāʻau.
Vitio: ʻaʻa raspberry me nā ʻōpala o ka moa
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha
Kūpaʻa ka pōkole i nā maʻi (ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe o 8 mau poʻokela), no laila, ʻokoʻa ka nui o ka pale ʻana i nā mea maʻi ʻole nā mea kanu. Kūleʻa ka ʻano like me ka ʻūlū ʻana i nā huaʻai ma ka pae genetic. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka pulu ma nā wana e pale i nā mea kanu mai nā maʻi fungal e like me didimella a me ka anthracnose.
I mea e pale aku ai i nā maʻi, kākuhi ʻia kekahi mau mea pale.
- Hoʻoholo maikaʻi ʻia nā kanu kanu a hōʻole ʻia nā mea maʻi ʻole;
- kua hana ʻia nā mea kanu i kahi manawa kūpono;
- mai ʻae i ka hoʻonāukiuki o ka makika;
- inā ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi maʻi, ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wahi mai nā lepo kanu i hoʻopilikia ʻia;
- mālama ʻia lākou me nā mea kanu e like me ka papaʻaina: i ka wā mua ma mua, ma mua o ka pua a ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana.
ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā pōpio i loiloi e Lyachki i ka pae o 7-8 mau wahi. ʻO nā mea maʻamau o nā pua o nā hua pua he raspberry-strawberry weevil, raspberry beetle, raspberry fly a me ka pana pana.
Papa pākaukau: hiki nā pōʻino o nā hua a me nā pōʻino i hoʻohewa ʻia lākou
Inoa inoa | Hana ʻia |
---|---|
ʻO ka laupaʻa a me nā lau ʻōpala | Hoʻokomo ka wahine wahine weevil i kahi lua ma ka ʻaoʻao o ua pua lā, e waiho ana i kahi hua ma loko o laila a ʻāwā i ka pā ʻana. |
Kahi lāʻau ʻōpiopio | Beetles gnaw lau ʻōpio lau, mau pua, nā pua. I nā makahiki o ke kauwela nui e hōʻino nā mea make a 30% o nā pua pua a me nā pua. |
Lele a Raspberry | Hoʻopili nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi i waenakonu o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio a waiho i nā lehelehe a me ke kani like ʻole. ʻO nā ʻāpana apical o nā wahi i poino ʻia e maloʻo, ʻeleʻele a make i ka wā o ka wā. |
Pakele i ka Gallic | Hoʻāwili ʻia nā pua o ka mana o ka pana i loko o ka ʻōpū a hana i kahi mea ulu (galls). Holo i ka pana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe koke ʻia i ka pūnaewele o ka hōʻino. |
Kiʻi ʻO ke Kiʻi: ʻO nā mea paʻi pinepine ʻo Raspberry
- Hoʻopilikia nā rasppberry-strawberry weevil i nā pua
- Hiki i ka pīpī Raspberry ke luku a hiki i ka 30% o nā pua raspberry a me nā pua
- Hoʻopau nā lāʻau Raspberry i nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio - mae lākou a maloʻo hoʻi
- Hoʻopau ka hua o ka popowena pana i ka huaʻu mai loko mai, e ulu ana ka ulu
ʻO ka maʻamau, ke pale aku i ka hoʻouka ʻana o nā pōpoki, lawa ke hoʻopili i nā hana pale agrotechnical e hiki mai ana i kahi manawa kūpono:
- Ke wehe nei i ka lepo i nā lālani i ka puna a i ka puna paha me ka mulching i kahi papa mānoanoa.
- ʻLoʻo ia i nā pā (i ka wā o ka pupation a me nā ʻōpio e waiho ana no ka hoʻoilo) i kahi hohonu o 20 cm.
- ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka puhi ʻana i nā ʻōpio kahiko, kahi hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā hua pua.
- ʻO ka nānā mau ʻana i nā mea kanu.
- ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili o nā pua i wāwahi ʻia e ka raspberry-strawberry weevil.
- Ke hana nei i nā hana pale me nā fungicides e like me nā ʻōlelo a nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Hoike Mai
Ua hōʻike ʻia ke kūʻē o Frost i kēia makahiki he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Malia paha ma muli o ke kumulāʻau i Pepeluali (ʻo ka mea kanu o ka hua mua a i ka pākeke o 15 degere Celsius no 3 mau lā ua hoʻomaka e ulu a laila i ka pōkole minus 20). Pono e hoʻonui i ka pale e kūʻē i nā maʻi ʻoi. Akā e pono ʻia. Me ka mālama pono, ʻoi ka huaʻai ma mua o 4 cm a lilo i pahu i ke ʻano maoli. Kūʻai nā mea kūʻai.
Māla makua kahiko//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033
Nui nā mea i ulu nui aʻe ma mua o 2 mika. No kahi ʻano ākea āu e pono ai i kahi māla mua kiʻekiʻe. Me kahi moʻomeheu kiʻekiʻe, nui ka berry. Ua hoʻopau kā kā mākou berele i ka lā 25th o Iune. I ka hoʻoilo, ua maloʻo iki nā wī i ke mahana o -35. ʻAʻole i uhi ʻia nā Raspberry a aia ke hōʻiliʻili maikaʻi. He ʻono loa ka berry a ua makemake mākou a pau.
** Oksana **//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=3
Ua hoʻomaka mākou e ʻohi iā Lachki. ʻAi maikaʻi maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe waikawa, halihali, ʻo kā Berry nui loa. Hoʻolaha maikaʻi, hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole a ʻike i nā frosts i hoʻihoʻi.
NARINAI//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=8
Pono e hoʻōla ʻia ka frog, no ka mea ma hope o ke hōʻiliʻili he pono nō hoʻi e ulu i nā puna hou. ʻAʻohe o wau i ka hopena o Iulai i ka wai no 3 wiki, no laila ua aneane ʻole au i nā mea a pau aʻu i loaʻa ai ... koi ʻo Lyashka i ka ulu ʻana o ka māla mahiai. Ua nānā ʻia.
evd//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=9
Mai ka hana ʻia e "hoʻowalewale ʻia" e ʻo Lyashka, a ua ulu ʻē kaʻu mau kauwela o ke kauwela ma lalo o nā kūlana like ʻole (ka puna waiʻala a me ka hapa ʻole o nā kanu), ke manaʻo nei nō wau e koho Lachka wale nō no ka poʻe e hoʻolako iā ia me kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻenehana loea. A pono e ʻike pono ʻia kēia i nā poʻe a pau e koho i kēia ʻano.
kūloko//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=10
I kēia makahiki ua loaʻa iaʻu ʻo Lyachka - kahi minamina pau loa: ʻaʻole lawa o ka leʻaleʻa, ʻaʻole like me nā hua mua ʻelua, i ka manawa o ka manawa e loaʻa mau ai ka momona, e lilo i ʻoluʻolu maoli i ka hopena o nā ʻāpana. ʻĀ, ʻaʻohe ona mea ʻala ʻole a i ʻole paha i ka ʻono. ʻO ka mea wale nō he ʻāpana nui, ʻoiai - ka ʻū ʻū ʻana o ka ʻono a me ka puhi ʻana ma ka lā i kā mākou 35 ma ka pale.
Nikolay223//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=11
A pīhoihoi ʻo Lyashka iaʻu i kēia makahiki. ʻO 2 mau lole kiʻekiʻe wale no kēlā me kēia lau a me ka manure pua ma lalo o ke aʻa, a hiki ke ʻike ʻole i nā hua pua. A aia kahi mau manaʻo e hoʻōla maikaʻi ai. Hoʻokahi ka minuke - kekahi o nā mea kūʻai mai e hūnā i nā nui - ʻaʻole ʻoe e manaʻo e hiki i kahi hua kō i ke ʻano like me ka ʻole o ka wawa ʻana o nā GMO. Ka, mea e maʻa ai mākou….
ʻili lilia//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=12
ʻAʻole like nā hua mua, inā ʻoi aku nā huaʻōpili nui (ʻelua makahiki) - ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. He paʻakikī loa a Lyashka, nui, koi aku ka makemake i ka mākeke. ʻIke akula wau he nui kāna hana ʻana e hoʻohāinu ai - inā māhaka wale ia - ʻo ia wale nō, maloʻo ka ʻona.
Minerva//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=4033&page=5
ʻO Raspberry Lyachka kahi mākeke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka māla. Hiki wale ke mālama pono i ke kīhāpai nunui me nā mea maikaʻi loa. Pono ke ʻano like me ka nui o ka nānā ʻana a ʻaʻole pono e ʻāpono ʻia kāna māla. Akā i ka manawa o ke kauwela ke uhi nui ʻia ka hua lāʻau me nā kukui ʻulaʻula o nā hua nunui he nui, maopopo ia - pono ka hopena i ka hana.