Nui nā ʻano niu puaʻa me kā lākou mau hiʻohiʻona. No nā mea hoʻomaka, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ulu ʻana i nā ʻano mea like ʻole e pane iki ʻana i nā hewa i ke kaʻina lāʻau. ʻO ka hua waina o Victoria, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i hahai ʻia ka ʻenehana mahiʻai, hāʻawi i nā hopena maikaʻi, a me ke ala kūpono i ka kanu ʻana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi me nā hua kūpono o ka maikaʻi.
Moolelo o ka ulu ʻana i nā hua lāʻau ʻehā o Victoria
ʻO ka waina o Victoria i loaʻa i nā makahiki he mau makahiki i hala. Loaʻa ʻia nā ʻano ʻili manuahi Lūkini ma muli o ke kālai ʻia ʻana i kēia ʻano hua like ʻole: Vitis amurensis a me Vitis vinifera me nā ʻano ʻo Save Save Vilar 12-304. No ka lehulehu ʻo Mīkini Victoria. I mea e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ai i ka mea e pili ana i kēia hua waina, he mea kūpono e noʻonoʻo i nā ʻano kikoʻī kūikawā o kona mau ʻano, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kanu a mālama.
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana o nā ʻano mākau waina o Victoria
Ua ʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻili o Victoria i kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole, nona ka hui like:
- ʻO Pink Victoria. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hua e ke kala ʻulaʻula a me nā nui. Hoʻohālike ʻia nā lāʻau ma ko lākou mea huaʻai he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokele kahi puʻupuʻu e hōʻiliʻili a hiki i 60 kg o kāna hua.
ʻO Pink Victoria kahi papale-pink a me nā hua nui
- White Victoria. ʻO kēia kahi ʻano lihi mua. Hōʻike ʻia nā hua waina i ka pale maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi nui. Kele nā hua iʻa-ʻoniʻoni ma nā kala a me nā ʻōlelo i nā nui. ʻO ka paona o nā mea huakaʻi he 500 g. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa o ka hua waina he kūpio kūwili kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i -27˚С).
Aia ke keʻena ʻo Victoria i kahi melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka nui a me ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi nui
- Kelemania Victoria. ʻOiai ke ʻano mua o kona ulu ʻana, ua ʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻo Victoria o kēia ʻano like ʻole. I ka hopena, hua, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a me ka melemele i hiki i hoʻokahi ʻāpana. Kahi ʻia ka luhilohi ākea a hiki i ka 1 kg. Ma muli o ka hānai kūpono o nā hua i kēlā me kēia, puka ʻia nā puka i loko o ka ʻuʻipi. Hoʻopau a nui ka hua i kēia ʻano.
Hiki i nā lālā Victoria Victoria keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a me ka melemele
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i nā hua waina o Victoria ma muli o kēia ʻano, he mea ʻole ʻole kēia ʻano like ʻole i nā hiʻohiʻona kime o ka hōʻola. Hiki ke kanu ʻia i loko o Siberia a i ʻole ka waena waena. He ʻano hoihoi a me ka hoʻonaninani ʻano nā ʻano like ʻole. Me kahi makana piha o ka hua, loaʻa ka huaʻai i ka pale o ka nutmeg. He ʻōpū kūpono o ka ʻāpana, ua momona nā ʻiʻo a me ka moderately elastic. ʻO nā lālā ma luna o ka puʻupuʻu ikaika loa a elastic, e hoʻopau ana i ka ʻaki ma lalo o ke kaumaha o ka hua.
ʻIli o nā ʻano like ʻole e hoʻohālikelike mau i ka holomua. ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hua i ke kakahiaka nui a hiki ke 115-120 mau lā mai ka manawa e wehe ai nā keiki. Hiki ke keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ʻulaʻula-ʻōwili ʻia. ʻO kona mau ʻāpana he 25 mm ka lōʻihi a 21 mm ka laulā. ʻO ke kaupaona o nā hua ono e pili ana i ka 5-6 g, a ua kokoke ka helehelena me kahi hua manu.
Wikiō: ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona waina o Victoria
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻano kīleʻa o Victoria
ʻO Victoria, ʻaʻohe exaggeration, he ʻano nani a maikaʻi hoʻi. Hāʻawi ʻia ka wī nahele me kahi rhizome i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, akā aia ka nui o ka nui a me nā pā hua ulu, i.e., e ulu mālie nā ʻōpala. ʻO ka ʻ awelika o kēlā me kēia ulu lāʻau he 50 kg. Nā clusters o Victoria o ka laulā lahilahi, cylindrical ma ke ʻano, i hōʻike ʻia me kahi haʻahaʻa o nā huaʻa. ʻO ka paona o ka pala e hiki aku i ka 500-700 g, akā i kekahi manawa.
Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i nā mea mālama nui mai nā mea kanu e hua ai nā hua ma mua o hoʻokahi makahiki. ʻOiai ka hoʻōla ʻana o nā kīlaʻai, mai holo ʻole ʻoe me kā lākou hōʻiliʻili. ʻO kahi lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka pala ma ka lāʻau e hoʻopili i ka loaʻa o ka ʻono maikaʻi. ʻO ka mea nui nā pua o nā ʻano Victoria, ʻo pollination mai nā ʻano ʻē aʻe me nā pua bisexual e pono ai no ka ʻohi ʻana. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i ka ʻanoʻokoʻa ka pīpī, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i nā hua ke liʻiliʻi i ke kiʻi.
Hiki i nā ʻākena Victoria ke hoʻohua i nā huaʻai i nā mea kanu i hua ʻia i hoʻokahi makahiki ma mua
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu ulu i ulu i nā ʻano lāʻau maikaʻi
Hoʻokumu pololei ka hua kanu i ka wā e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o nā mea kanu. Hāʻawi kēia i nā koho o nā hua laʻa e hāʻawi pono ʻia.
Pehea e koho ai i kahi hua huakaʻi
Pono ke ʻano o kahi hua maikaʻi me ke kala ʻulaʻula, ma kahi o 20 cm lōʻihi. Ma lalo o ka ʻili e pono ai i ka lāʻau hou a me ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻoiai ia e maʻalahi me ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻili o ke pihi me ka manamana lima. Pono e mālama pono i nā aʻa: ʻaʻohe mea ulu a me nā thickenings ma luna o lākou. E hoʻokau ka ʻōnaehana kumu loea i ka ola maikaʻi o ka mea kanu ma kahi hou. He maʻalahi loa ke kūlana o nā aʻa. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ua lawa ia e hoʻopaʻa i kahi ʻāpana o ke kumu a me nā secateurs. Inā keʻokeʻo ke ʻoki a ʻūhā, a laila he hua maikaʻi kahi ʻōnaehana maikaʻi. Inā he ʻeleʻele a ʻulaʻula paha nā aʻa, a laila e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka mea kanu ʻole kūpono ʻole ke kanu. Pono ia e nānā pono i ke keiki ma luna o ka paʻa: i ka wā e kaomi ai i nā maka, ʻaʻole lākou e ʻū i lalo a i ʻole nā kihi.
Pono ke ʻano o nā hua waina kahi maikaʻi maikaʻi, kahi e hoʻopili i ke ola maikaʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻia o ka mea kanu
Ke kanu nei i ka hua waina
ʻO nā hua waina o Victoria, e like me kekahi mau māla lāʻau ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kanu ʻia i ka pūnāwai a i ʻole ka hopena. Eia nō naʻe, ua manaʻo kekahi o nā mea kanu waina e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu kanu. ʻO kēia no ka mea, i ka manawa i ke kaʻina wai, ua nui kahi hua o ke aʻa a komo i ka hua i ka wā ma hope. Me ka kanu kanu, ke manaʻo nei ka hopena o ʻOkakopa ʻoi ka manawa maikaʻi loa.
Ke kanu ʻana i nā hua waina Victoria
No ka mea ʻo Victoria no nā mea kanu aloha, no ka kanu ʻana i kēia ʻano, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho i nā wahi i mālama ʻia mai nā kumuwaiwai, me ka ʻike o ka kukui maikaʻi a me ka lepo momona. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi noho i kekahi mau lā ma mua o ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ai ke kanu ʻana i ka hua kanu, a ʻoi aku ʻoi aku kahi malama. Hoʻohui ʻia ka lua ma lalo o ke kanu me nā ʻokoʻa ma lalo iho: 0.8 m ākea a me 1 m hohonu. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi papa wai waiū me ka mānoanoa o 5 cm ma lalo o ka lua, ma hope o ka ninini ʻia o ka wai momona a 10 cm. E ninini ʻia nā ʻōpala o ka humus ma luna o ka ʻāina a i kahi ʻano hou. He manu manuahi ka Humus, ʻo ia hoʻi ia i hala i kekahi mau makahiki i ka wehe. Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka ʻāina māla i ka ʻāina ulu. Ma hope o ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka lua me nā ʻāpana, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana āpau.
I ka wā i ʻeli ai kahi lua ma lalo o ka pulupulu, hoʻopiha a kāwili ʻia i nā ʻāpana āpau, kanu lākou i ka mea kanu
Ke mākaukau ʻia ka papa ʻāina, ʻeli i ka lua e like me ka nui o ka pakanui o ka hua laʻa a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka mea kanu i loko, e hoʻopiha me ka lepo a ʻāwili wale. Hoʻopili hohonu ka seedling i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōpala aʻa. Mai ka hoʻomoʻi ʻana i nā hua waina e nā ʻokiʻoki, ʻaʻohe a ka mea kanu ʻo ka mea kanu. No laila, manaʻoʻiʻo ia aia nō i waiho ʻia ma luna o nā aʻa. Ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, e hoʻohui ʻia ka seedling me nā pālaha he 2-3. E hoʻokaʻawale i ka heka o ka mea kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke eli i kahi pāka lāʻau i ka lepo, kahi i hoʻopaʻa ai ka hua. I ka pau o ka hana, mulched ka lepo, no ka laʻana, me ka mauʻu a i ʻole ka wahie, e hāʻawi ai i ka oxygen maikaʻi aʻe i nā aʻa o ka mea kanu. ʻO ka mamao ma waena o nā huaila e pono 1,5-3 m.
No ka mea, ʻaʻohe kumu o ka huaʻala o ia mau mea, ua manaʻoʻiʻo ia i kau ʻia ma luna o nā aʻa
ʻO ka mālama hua waina ʻo Victoria
Ka mālama ʻana i nā hua waina Victoria ma hope o ke kanu ʻana i ka hana ʻana i nā kaʻina agrotechnical e like me ka mahi ʻana, ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ka lole ʻaihue. Pono e mālama pono i ka mālama ʻana i nā makahiki 3-4 mua ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, no ka mea, hoʻomohala ʻia ka moʻomeheu i kēia manawa. ʻO ke kala ʻana ʻo ia i ka lepo a me ka lawe ʻana i ka mauʻu ma kahi kokoke i ke kumu lāʻau e hāʻawi ai, ʻaʻole ʻo ka "hanu" maikaʻi wale nō, akā ʻo ka kahe ʻana o nā mea ʻai nui i nā aʻa.
Makemake nā hua waina i ka lepo nāu, no laila mai poina ʻoe e pili i ka wai, akā, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka waterlogging. A manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohui i ka irrigation me ka pupuk. Hāʻawi ka lole ʻoi loa i ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi o ka mea kanu a hoʻonui i ka hopena i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kanu no kēia ʻaoʻao penei:
- ʻO ka lole mua mua e lawe ʻia nei i ka pūnāwai i ka wā e kau ai ke ʻano ma kahi o + 16 ° C. E like me nā mea kanu, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka superphosphate (20 g), ka paʻakai pākaha (5 g) a me ka ammonium nitrate (10 g), kahi hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi pānaʻi wai a hoʻoinu ʻia ma lalo o ke aʻa ma ka nui o 10 lita no ka lāʻau.
- Hoʻopili ʻia ke kapa ʻaihue lua me ka potassium a me ka phosphorus ma kahi hoʻohālike o 1: 2 i ka wā o ka hana o ka ovary. Hoʻokomo kekahi pahu wai wai e pili ana i 30 g o ka pānaʻi.
- Ke kanu pinepine ʻia nā huaila, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea kanu e like me ka potassium sulfate (25 g) a me ka superphosphate (50 g), kahi mea i haki ʻia hoʻi i kahi pā o ka wai. Hoʻomāʻili ʻia ka ʻōlelo kūleʻa ʻia i ka mea kanu ma lalo o ke aʻa.
Wikiō: nā līlū ʻana i nā hua waina me nā manamana organik
ʻO ka hana nui kekahi mea kanu hua, ke lawe ʻia nei i kēlā me kēia hāʻule, a me ka lawe ʻana aku i nā mea pono ʻole e ulu ana ma luna o ka manawa kauwela. Hoʻonui ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā māla i ka hoʻomohala ʻana mai o ka ulu lāʻau, e hoʻopōmaikaʻi i ka hiki ʻana o ka manawa o ka hua. Eia kekahi, e hoʻopili i ka paila o nā lālā. Pono ke kaʻina hana e pale ai i ka haki ʻana o nā lālā ma lalo o ka paona o nā mea bunches, e lilo i mea kaumaha ma ka wā e pakeke ana. ʻOiai ke kau nei o nā hua waina o Victoria i nā hua hau i kūlohelohe, ua mau ʻia ka mea e hoʻolilo i ka hoʻoilo. I nā mea waiwai, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka lole, puna i nā lālā a lepo maikaʻi paha.
Nā hiʻohiʻona Victoria Cultivation
ʻO nā hua waina o Victoria he ʻano wikiwiki. I ka 2-3 mau makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka hua mua. Ma muli o ka manaʻo i hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻano like me kahi leʻaleʻa e hoʻokaʻawale i nā huaʻai, pono e lawe ʻia ka ʻōpū o ka wai. Ke hoʻomaka ka hua ʻana i ka ʻai, e kū mau ana iā ʻAukake, e hoʻōki a hoʻōla ʻia nā mea kanu ʻole, akā inā hoʻokaumaha wale nō. Inā maloʻo ke kūʻai, pono e koi ʻia ka hoʻoluʻu liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻaʻole ia, ma hope o ka lūlū e loaʻa kekahi puhaka i ka umu o ka lepo, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka ʻaʻeha ʻana o ka ʻili i nā hua. Inā ua ua ka kauwela, ua pono e hoʻoulu i kahi kīwī ma luna o ka māla waina. No laila, hiki ke mālama i ka hoʻomaloʻana i ka lepo.
E aloha ana nā māla i ka lepo lepo, akā na nā ʻōpio he nui loa
Eia kekahi i nā kāhuna nui i hoʻolauna ʻia i ka wā ulu, hiki ke hoʻokipa ʻia ʻo Victoria me nā microelements i kahi ʻano chelated ma ka lau, i.e., i ke ala foliar, no ka mea, me Reacom. Hoʻonui kēia i ka pale i ka mea kanu i ka maʻi, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻai o nā hua. ʻO nā mea kanu keleka ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi ka digestible o nā mea momona e hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka pono micronutrient. No ka loaʻa i ka pīpī nani a piha i ke kino, ʻike ʻia ka hopena winegrowers i kēia ʻano: me ka pena peʻe, ua "ʻuʻuku lākou" i ka pīpī i ka hoʻomaka o ka ulu ʻana o nā huaʻa. Hiki i kēia kaʻina hana e hoʻoneʻe i lalo o ka lawaiʻa, me ka nāwaliwali nāwaliwali a palupalu. I ka wā mua, ʻaʻole nani ke nani o kahi hāwaha ʻoki ʻia, akā, i ka ulu ʻana o ka hua, loaʻa iā ia kahi hiʻohiʻona nani.
Hoʻohālikelike nā ʻano hua ʻona o Victoria i ka pau ʻole a hōʻino ʻia i nā ʻōpala ma nā wasps. Hōʻike kēia i ka pono o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā brushes o lalo, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ʻoe e loaʻa i kahi hua mai ia lākou, akā hoʻopuka wale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi a hana i kahi mauʻu no nā pepeke. No ka pale ʻana i nā pua ma nā wasps, ʻoi ʻia no ka kanu i nā pōpoki palupalu ma kahi kokoke, e uhi i nā ʻili me nā peke lau a i ʻole ʻalaʻā. I ka wā o ka ʻūhū ʻana o nā hua, pono ʻoe e nānā i nā ʻōpala a hana i nā mea i ʻoki nā hua.
I mea e pale ai i nā hua waina mai nā wasps a hoʻohana nā manu i kahi mesh kūikawā i ke ano o nā peke
ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Victoria
Ke noʻonoʻo nei i nā ʻano kīleʻa o Victoria. Ma muli e hōʻike ʻia ai nā maʻi e ʻike ʻia ai ka mea kanu, a me nā kaʻina pale. I waena o nā maʻi maʻamau loa:
- Powdery Mildew ʻIke ʻia ma ke ʻano o nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele i nā lau a me nā ʻoka i nā ʻoki.
- Grey pala. E ʻili nā huaʻai, ʻike ʻia ka pale ke keʻokeʻo. No nā pahuhopu, hoʻoulu ʻia ka moʻomeheu me kahi hopena o ka iodine.
- Keokeo keʻokeʻo. He maʻi ia e hele mai ana ma ke ʻano o ka heʻe ʻana i ka lā a i ʻole ka huaʻa. Hōʻike ia iā ia iho i ke ʻano o ka paʻi keʻokeʻo ma nā lau a me nā hua.
- Chlorosis Hōʻike ʻia ka hiʻohiʻona o ka maʻi maʻi e nā lau pale, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi kūpaʻa melemele. ʻO ka pilikia ma muli o ka hala o ke kaʻina photosynthesis. No ka mālamaʻana, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau hao.
- Nā maka ʻeleʻele. Kūleʻa nā lau, ulu nā ʻeleʻele. Hoʻokuʻuʻele hoʻi nā hua, ulu ʻole ka ʻona. Hoʻolālā ka hana i ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻāpana i pili i ka mea kanu.
ʻO kekahi o nā maʻi a Victoria ke hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka leaf chlorosis.
I mea e pale ai i ka hoʻomaka a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi, ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā lāʻau waina Victoria i ka wā o ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka hoʻolālā ʻana me nā mākaukau kūikawā. Hoʻopili kēia me ka sulfate hao, ka wai o Bordeaux, Ridomil (hoʻopili a me nā fungicide systemic), ʻo Tsineb (kahi ʻōnaehana a me ka hopena o nā pili i nā pathogens). Hoʻomau ʻia ka mālama ʻia me nā fungicides systemic i ka pūnāwai ma mua o ke kāwili ʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā hua a i ka ʻīwī ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia nā fungicides no nā ua lōʻihi, a ma hope o ka pua nui a me ka ua, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka haahaa kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻike nā māla
I kēia makahiki, i waena o nā ʻehaʻeha, hoʻoliʻoli wau iā Victoria. Eia nō naʻe, he pōmaikaʻi maikaʻi kēia ʻano. Aia no nā wīwī, ua hoʻāla ʻia ka pilikia - ua kali lōʻihi nā ʻeke no nā ʻōpala i nā ʻēheu. Hoʻopiliʻia, ʻoiai ka ua, hōʻike ka lāʻau i ka huahana kiʻekiʻe a me ka pollination maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe pī.
Nadezhda Nikolaevna//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=56
Hoʻopau wau iā Victoria ma kahi o 4 mau makahiki i hala: ʻo ka mea nāwaliwali loa o kaʻu mau mea āpau; mau puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi; ka nui o nā pēpē e hakakā nei e nakinaki i nā ʻōpala 2-3; ʻili ʻia a me ka ili, nā ʻōpū a me nā manu a me nā manu. Ma kahi o kahi momona kūpono a me ka hau hau kū maikaʻi, ma Victoria ʻaʻole i loaʻa kekahi mau pono. Pono ke ʻano o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole kūʻai nā kānaka iā ia ma ka mākeke. A ʻo ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā e hoʻomaka ai.
ʻO Vladimir Karkoshkin//lozavrn.ru/index.php/topic,39.0.html?PHPSESSID=jlajf8qhf0p1j4d635jhklr585
Makemake wau iā Victoria, ka ʻono o nā hua me nā pala pala, ka huehue - ma waena o ʻAukake, ʻaʻole like nā mau pua i loko o ia mea ... akā he mea maʻamau, e hoʻāʻo wau e pōkole ma hope o ka pua, a i kekahi manawa, ʻā nā huapalapala. Pau nā pilikia a pau, me koʻu mālama ʻana iā Mikosan.
Parkhomenko Elena//www.vinograd7.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?f=70&t=291
ʻOiai ke kau o nā hemahema, nā huaʻai punahele maikaʻi loa o Victoria ma waena o nā mea hoʻomaka a me ka mea ulu mākaukau. I mea e haʻalele ʻole ai i kēia ʻano, pono ʻoe e hele i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka pale a mālama pono i ka mea kanu. ʻO ka pilikia nui e hoʻopili ʻia me ka pono e kanu i kahi pollinator.
