No nā hua āpau, makemake mākou i nā ʻano mua. Hoʻomaʻa pinepine ʻole lākou i ke ʻano, akā ke kali nei mākou iā lākou e make, no ka mea, ʻo ia ka makahiki mua i kēia makahiki! I waena o nā hua lāʻau āpau, ʻo kekahi o kēia mau ʻano i ka wā kahiko, maikaʻi ʻo Papirovka - kahi ʻano koho like ʻole i ʻike ʻia, mai ka kenekulia 19. ʻIke ka poʻe āpau i kāna kīnika keʻokeʻo, a ʻoiai kēia ʻano ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka maikaʻi, akā ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia i nā mea kīhāpai me kahi ʻohi mua loa.
ʻOka wehewehe
Manaʻo e ka poʻe nui ʻo Papirovka ka White Wāmeka Wīwī kaulana. Ua mau ʻia nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻepekema nui e pili ana i kēia kumuhana, a hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa a e kū kūʻē i kēlā ʻano. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka All-Russian Research Institute no Fruit Breeding (Oryol) e manaʻoʻiʻo he mea maoli kēia. Ma ka manawa like, ʻo ka papa inoa o nā mokuʻāina i nā mea e hoʻohiki ai o ka Lūkini Lūkini, i pili ai ʻo Papirovka i ka makahiki 1947, manaʻo ʻo ia a hoʻoiho ʻia ʻo White i ʻelua mau ʻano like ʻole. Pēlā kā I.V. Michurin iā ia iho.
Ke hōʻike haʻawina hohonu i ka pilikia e hāʻawi i ke kumu e hilinaʻi ai ʻo Gosrestrestr. Eia nō naʻe, huli ia ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻano. Ua ʻike ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe i kahi lōʻihi; a ʻokoʻa ka lāʻau a me kāna mau hua i kahi liʻiliʻi loa. No laila, ʻo ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Papirovka e kapa ʻia ʻo White Bulk ma ko mākou ʻāina, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mea ʻino. ʻAe, a me nā keiki i ke waena o ke kauwela kekahi mau mea kūponoʻole eʻimi no "cordial".
Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo Paprika ka like ʻole o ka Baltic, kekahi o kona mau inoa inoa inoa i ka Register Register State e like me kēia: E ninini ana i ka Baltic keʻokeʻo. Eia kekahi, ua kaulana ʻo ia ʻo Alabaster.
ʻO ka like ʻole e pālahalaha ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina a ma Kelemānia, Polani, Belarus, a me Ukraine. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua loaʻa iā ia ka inoa mai ka huaʻōlelo ʻo "Papyr" (pepa). ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hua o ka Papirovka ma mua o kahi hoʻopiha keʻokeʻo maoli. Manaʻo nā loea i ka noho ʻana o kahi "seam" ma luna o ka ʻili i lilo i ʻano ʻokoʻa.
ʻO Papirovka kahi ʻano wela i ke kauwela kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā hua a nui ʻē aʻe i mālama pono ʻia, akā, pōʻino, kahi hapa o ka hua āpau e nalowale wale nei, akā ulu ka lāʻau ʻōpala e hōʻoluʻolu i ka poʻe nui e makemake i nā huaʻomaʻi mua. Ma ke kumu o Papirovka, loaʻa i ka mea puaʻa he mau haneli he mau makahiki hou, ʻoi aku ka nui, akā ʻaʻole naʻe ia e waiho i ka māla amateur.
Piʻi ʻia nā ʻōpala ʻo Papiroki i nā lālā ʻē aʻe e like me nā hua waina ma ka buckthorn kai
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua kūpono ia no ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla i kaʻano holoʻokoʻa (a ua ao ʻia mākou: "E mālama i nā mea a pau!") A mākou e wehe i ka lāʻau Papirovka mai kahi pūnaewele. E noho mau ʻo Melba ma hope aku, akā hāʻawi ʻo ia i manawa e hana ai i nā ʻukala. He maʻi ʻeha loa a ke nānā aku nei pehea e nalowale nei ka Lolo, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hana me ia mea.
Nā lāʻau nui i kēia ʻano me ka nui. ʻO Crohn i kona wā ʻōpiopio he pyramidal ākea, me ke ʻōpio e hele i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa. He kukui hina ka ʻōpala, he brownish-ʻōpala nā ʻōpio. Nā lau o ka nui o ka nui, pubescent, hina-hina. ʻO nā pua a me nā pua nā pua nani, ʻulaʻula. Kuhi ʻia nā hua i nā kime, e hoʻomaka ana ma 3 a i 4 mau makahiki paha.
Hoʻohālike ʻia ka papier e ka ʻāʻā hoʻoilo maikaʻi, a pili kēia i ka lāʻau a me nā pua pua. Kahi ke kūleʻa o scab.
Hoʻopau nā hua apopo i ka hopena o Iulai a i ka mua o ʻAukake. ʻO ke hōʻiliʻili mai kahi lāʻau pāholo hoʻokahi ma kahi o 100 kg o nā hua, ma nā makahiki he nui a hiki i ka ʻelua haneri. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hōʻiliʻili no ka makahiki e hiki mai ana, e hoʻohua nui ana ka hua a hiki i ka wā hiki ke lilo i mau manawa. No laila, ʻaʻole i manaʻo ʻia ka maikaʻi o ke kaupaona momona no nā manawa holoʻokoʻa o ka lāʻau. Kūpono loa nā lāʻau ma Papirovka, kū a hiki i 55 makahiki.
ʻO nā hua o ka nui o ke aniani, ke kaupaona nei ʻo 70-100 g (ma nā lāʻau ʻōpio a hiki i ka 150 g), nā poʻomanaʻo conical a conical paha, me ka lālani ʻia, me kahi kuʻina lōʻihi, ke kala mai ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele. ʻAʻohe wahi ʻula a i ʻole kēlā me kahi kala integumentary, akā he nui nā kohu subcutaneous nui o kahi kala ʻala. ʻO ke keʻokeʻo he keʻokeʻo, palupalu, pāpaʻi, me kahi ʻala ikaika, ʻokoʻa ka wai momona. ʻO ka momona o kahi pōpō maʻamau i hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi, momona a ʻono hoʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole ia e lōʻihi i kēia manawa, a i ka wā ua nui, lilo nā ʻiʻo i ka palupalu, "maikaʻi ʻia," like me nā ʻuala. "
ʻO ka wai paʻakai hou ʻo Papirovki ʻoluʻolu loa, akā ʻaʻole mau kēia hauʻoli
Hoʻopiʻi nā ʻele i nā lāʻau iʻoi aku ka ikaika ma mua o Grushovka o Moscow, akā i ke aniani ka nui o ke kahe o nā ʻōpiho kūmole. ʻO ke kumu o ka hōʻiliʻili ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o ka ʻai hou ʻana, ua mākaukau nā ʻōpala no kēia manawa ma ka lāʻau. Hoʻopili ʻia ka nui o ka nui i ka wai, waina, jam, a, etc. Na Papirovka i ʻanoʻokoʻa no ka ʻai ʻokoʻa: ua piha kūpono nā hua i ka lawe ʻana; ua mālama ʻia no ka manawa pōkole loa, ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau pule. Eia naʻe, i kēia manawa, hāʻule nā mea o ka hua. Hāʻule pū kekahi mai kahi ulia liʻiliʻi, hōʻike ʻia i ka pouliʻeleʻele o ka ʻili a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā dents me kā lākou palaʻai i hala.
ʻAʻole i nalowale ka Papirovka i kāna hana i loko o nā kīhāpai pilikino ma muli o kēia mau mea kūpono:
- ka palena ʻole i nā kūlana ulu;
- paʻakiki maikaʻi maikaʻi;
- nā lā mua no ka ʻōhala ʻala;
- ke kiʻekiʻe (ma kahi'ōpio liʻiliʻi) a me ka huahana haʻahaʻa no ke ola holoʻokoʻa;
- versatility o ka hoʻohana hua;
- maikaʻi loa o nā huaʻai hou;
- hoʻokipa mua.
I nā nāʻino:
- haʻahaʻa loa;
- pōkole loa;
- ka manawa like ʻana o ka ʻohi āpau;
- ka hopena o ka hua ma ka pākeke.
Ke kanu ʻana i nā ʻāpana hua papiroka: sitahi me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo
ʻO Paprika kahi ʻanoʻokoʻa i kūlike ʻole i nā kūlana e ulu ana. Ma nā ʻāina hehi hiki ke ulu a kūleʻa ʻole me nā maniua, akā, ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me nā lāʻau āpala, e ʻāpihi ʻia loa. Pono e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāina lepo lepo ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke one a me nā humus, i nā mea momona koʻikoʻi - e hana ai (kele, palaoa dolomite, slaked lime). Hoʻāla nui nā lāʻau o kēia ʻano like a me ka hua ma ke one, ma nā puʻu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, akā ʻaʻole i makemake i ka wahi kokoke loa o ka ʻāina wai.
Nui nui nā lāʻau o Papirovka, pono lākou i ka waiho ʻana
Ke kanu nei i kekahi mau lāʻau ma waena o lākou, pono ke kiaʻi o kahi mamao o 4 mika. Pono e waiho i ka 2.5 m i ka hale kokoke a i ka pā paha.Ui makemake ʻia kēlā pā kēia mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka makani anuanu, a mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe ua hoʻomālamalama maikaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau e ka lā. Hiki ke kanu ʻia o Papiroka i ka wā lūlū a me ka pūnāwai, akā ma nā wahi i ke komohana o Moscow, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kanu kanu, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka kanu kanu: i ka pūnāwai, ʻaʻohe hemahema kēia manawa. ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa nā mea kanu i ka kanu ʻana i nā kumulāʻau ʻapapa o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
No ka kanu kanu, ua ʻoka ʻia kahi lua no ka liʻiliʻi o ka hebedoma, no ka puna pono e hana ʻia i ka hāʻule. Hoʻomaka ʻia ke kanu ʻana ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lau. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻomaka nā mea kanu e kūʻai aku ma mua, hele mai lākou me nā lau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e kali, kūʻai mai i kahi i ʻeli a me nā lau. A inā makemake maoli ʻoe i ka "greenback", ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopau koke ʻana i nā lau. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hana maʻa mau ka mea maʻamau i kekahi kanaka noho i ke kauwela.
- Ka eli ʻana i ka pulu hukā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ke kauwela. ʻO nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi he 70 x 70 x 70 cm, akā ma nā ʻāina kaumaha e ʻoi aku kēia mau mea e hoʻonui. ʻO ka papakū o lalo o ka honua, kahi e liʻiliʻi ai ka manaʻo, e lawe ʻia ana i waho o ka pūnaewele, e mālama ʻia ka mea kiʻekiʻe.
Ma hope o ka eli ʻana, e hoʻihoʻi ʻia ka topsoil i ka lua.
- Inā he lepo ka lepo, kahi papa o 10 mau kenimika o ka pānaʻi (gravel, bata i wāwahi ʻia, ke one hina wale) i kau ma lalo o ka lua.
Lalo ka alapine ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka lua a me ka aʻa e pala ai
- ʻO ka papa momona momona i mālama ʻia me nā kolamu: ʻo hoʻokahi a me ka hapalua o nā peʻa o humus, 100 g o superphosphate, he mau pōpopo o ka lehu lāʻau. E ninini i ka ʻano i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i loko o ka lua. ʻAe i ka lua e kū no ka liʻiliʻi o ka hebedoma (inā he hoʻomaloʻo loa ia, pono ʻoe e ninini i nā ʻōpio 1-2 i loko o ka wai).
Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohui i nā kolu me ka lepo me ka pala, akā me kou mau lima e hilinaʻi ʻē aʻe ai
- Hoʻokomo ʻia ka mea kanu i ka pūnaewele a liʻiliʻi i kahi lā me kāna mau aʻa i ka wai. Ma hope o kēlā, kāwī ʻia nā aʻa i loko o kahi pala, i hana ʻia o ka pālolo a me ka mullein (3: 1) a hoʻohemo ʻia me ka wai i ka like ʻole o ka waiʻala ʻona. Inā ʻaʻohe mullein, a laila he māhā lepo wale nō.
ʻO ke kumu o ka mea kūkākūkā e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ola o ka lāʻau
- Lawe lākou i ka lepo nui mai ka lua ka mea hiki i nā aʻa o ka hua huʻa ke maʻalahi i kahi paʻa i ka lua. Kūkulu ʻia kahi lālā ikaika ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻuala e hiki mai ana no ka lāʻau o ka lāʻau, waiho ʻia kahi hua liʻiliʻi i ka lua, hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā aʻa a uhi ʻia me ka lepo no ka hoʻopuni ʻana i nā aʻa me nā wā ʻole.
Inā kūleʻa ke aʻa, pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka lua a paʻa ka hua huakaʻi
- E hehi lākou i ka ʻāina me ko lākou mau wāwae, ʻoiai e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana e waiho ka ʻāʻī o ke aʻa 5-6 cm ma luna o ka papahele, a laila e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ia e like me ka mea e pono ai. I mea e maʻalahi ai ka hahai ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke kau i kekahi papa, ke lāʻau, ka spade, a me nā mea i loaʻa i nā kihi o ka lua.
Inā kūpaʻa ka ʻāʻei ma luna o ka lepo, ʻaʻole weliweli loa: i kekahi mau lā o ka hala o ka honua a e hāʻule ka lāʻau.
- E kāʻei i kahi sapling i ka lāʻau, e hoʻohana ai i ke ʻano ʻike o "ʻewalu".
"ʻĀwalu" paʻa mau i ka pahu a ʻaʻole hōʻeha iā ia
- Hana ʻia ka weli ma nā kihi o ka lua kanu e hiki ʻole ai ke kahe i ka wai, a ua lōwī ʻia nā hua like wai me nā 2 mauʻu wai. E hoʻomoʻi i ka lepo me ka lau, maloʻo a i ʻole nā mea waiwai ʻē aʻe.
Pono ka ʻeke o ka wai o ka wai i loko o ka ʻāina i mau mau minuke
Ke kanu nei i kahi kiʻekiʻe o kekahi makahiki ʻekahi, ʻo ke aiki ʻo ka pōkole i ka 20-30 cm Ma kahi o ʻelua makahiki ʻelua, ua ʻoki ʻia nā lālā ʻaoʻao e ka hapakolu. ʻOiai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma nā wahi anuanu ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e haʻalele i kēia pruning no ka pūnāwai.
E kokoke kokoke i ka hoʻoilo, pono ke pale ʻia ka lāʻau mai ka hau a me nā rodents e ka pānaʻi ia me nā lāʻau conifer spruce a i ʻole nā ʻumeʻu kapron i ʻole. Me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hau, pono e hoʻolei i loko o ka pōpō trunk.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka māla a me nā subtleties o ka mālama
Ke ulu nui nei ʻo Papier ma waena o ka poʻe palaualelo. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, me kēia, ua emi ka hua me nā makahiki, e ulu nui ana ke kumulāʻau me nā lālā a me nā moss, akā hua ke ʻano. A no ka mea hiki iā ia ke ola maikaʻi, a loaʻa i ka mea nona ka ʻokiʻoki maikaʻi loa, ʻo Papirovka, e like me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻo ka mālamaʻana iā ia he maʻalahi a pili i nā kaʻina kumu.
I ke kumu mua, pono kahi lāʻau makua kokoke i kahi hacksaw, ʻokiʻoki i nā mea āpau a maʻi, maʻi a ʻike ʻia nā lālā ʻē aʻe, e uhi i nā ʻāpana me nā ʻano māla. E hoʻomoʻi i ka ʻā ʻana i ka ʻā ʻia a puhi. I kēia manawa ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻaʻole i ka hopena ʻino, ʻaʻole e hiki i nā lāʻau āpau ke hōʻoki a hiki i ke kauwela, akā, ʻaʻole mākou e poina e kelepele i luna o nā ʻāpana. I ke kauwela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hele wale ʻana me kahi pruner, hōʻoki i nā ʻōpio ʻōpio i hoʻoholo e ʻole e ulu i ka pono. Kahi hana ʻia ka hana maikaʻi ʻana i ka wā ʻaʻole i kū ka lāʻau i ke kūlana ikaika loa: ma Malaki a ʻOkakopa.
Me kahi o ka pruning, ka mea nui e hoʻomālamalama i ka lei e like me ka hiki
I mea e lawe ka lāʻau i kahi ʻano i makemake ʻia, pono e ʻoki ʻia nā lālā i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻAʻohe mea paʻakikī ʻole e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ka mea nui i ka pale ʻana i ka mānoanoa, ʻoki ʻoki (ke ulu aʻe a piʻi i luna) a ʻo nā lālā e ulu ana i nā kihi ʻoi loa i nā lālā a me nā limu. Ke ʻoki ʻia, ʻaʻohe koʻi ʻōpala ke waiho ʻia, ʻo kahi kīpī pōkole loa o kekahi lālā e lawe ʻia a no laila, ke neʻe nei ka ʻoki i kahi lālā o kahi ʻoi aku.
He mea maʻalahi ke hoʻomanaʻo i kahi lula maʻalahi: inā e hoʻopuʻi i ka palupalu o waho, e hele ka pana hou i ka ʻaoʻao, a inā i ka loko - a pololei.
ʻO Papirovka ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi, no laila, ma hope o ka kanu ʻana i ka puna, he mea kūpono i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau me nā fungicides maʻalahi, no ka laʻana, ka wai o Bordeaux. Inā ke kauwela i kahi pilikia me ka scab, e pau ka hana o ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka hāʻule. ʻO ke koena o ka mālamaʻana i ke kōkō ua kūmī ka wai a me ka hānai. I nā makahiki mua, pono pū ka haki ʻana o ka ʻōpili kokoke i ke kāwili ʻana.
Makemake ʻo Papirovka e inu nui: ma hope o nā mea a pau, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā ʻōpala nui o nā ʻuala wai. Pono ka lāʻau ʻākala i ka makika i ka wā o ka pua a me ka uluʻana o nā hua. Hoʻomainuʻia nā kumulāʻau i nā lāʻau make i ka hebedoma, pākeke - ʻelua mau manawa i ka mahina. Kaomi me ka hoʻoilo nui ʻana o ka hoʻoilo, e lawe ʻia ana ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hau.
Hoʻokuʻu pinepine ʻia ka helehelena no nā lāʻau pākeke: ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka wai
Hoʻopili i ka Papirovka ma ke ʻano like me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe. I kēlā me kēia mau makahiki, ua kanu ʻia nā pālua o nā peʻa o humus i nā lua liʻiliʻi ma ka wahi o ke kaʻe o ka ʻōpala. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu minela: no ka laʻana, i ka wā kakahiaka ma mua, ua hūnā ʻia ka urea a i ʻole ka amoniia nitrate ma lalo o kahi kumulā a me ka māmā lūlū ʻia i ka lepo (1 punetēe pā 1 m2 pōʻai pōʻai). Ma hope koke o ka ulu ʻana, hāʻawi lākou i nā minerala āpau piha, no ka laʻana, azofoska, i ka hāʻule ʻana - superphosphate a me ka lehu lāʻau.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki: ʻo nā ʻano nui a me nā hopena i ka pilikia
ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka pepa i ke kūʻana i nā ʻano maʻi like, no laila ke makemake nui ʻia ka prophylactic spray me nā fungicides. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka pale ʻana o nā maʻi o ka ʻōpala ʻana o nā ʻōpala a me nā lālā nui, i lawe ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻoilo. Hoʻopiliʻia me ka lime ʻo ia iho, ua hoʻohui pūʻia nā mākau lāʻau me ka mea pono o ka hoʻonā. No ke aooha, he mea waiwai e like me keia:
- kaleka ka lime - 1 kg;
- keli silicate - 2 mau ʻāpana;
- kāmala (maikaʻi ka maikaʻi) - 20 g;
- hao - 2 kg;
- wai - a hiki i 10 lita.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ma ka hihia o nā maʻi koʻikoʻi, pono ka mālama a me ka cardinal pono. Hoʻopau pinepine ʻia nā Scab - he maʻi ʻoi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ia me ka melemele-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a laila nā kala brown i ka lau, waiho ʻia i ka hua. Hoʻopopoʻe nā hua, ʻāʻī, hoʻowalewale. Pōhoihoi, pili ka maʻi i ka lāʻau ʻōpala me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻalo ka scab:
- ka manawa hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka luku ʻana i nā lau hāʻule;
- ka hoopau ana i na lala mai;
- ka huki ʻana i ka ʻōpū pohō i ukali ʻia e ka disinfection me kahi hopena o ke keleawe keleawe;
- ʻokiʻoki i kahi lāʻau no ka hoʻoilo;
- Ke kālai ʻana i ka lāʻau me nā mea kanu (Fitosporin-M, Zircon, Bordeaux wai).
Hanaʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau me nā fungicides (vitriol, Chorus, Skor, etc.).
Huli ka ʻili i ka hapa nui i loko o nā hua āpau i hoʻopau ʻole ʻia
Ma ka ʻoi a kau, ua hoʻoweliweli ʻia ʻo Papiroka e:
- ʻO kāhea ka Powdery - e like me ka pubescence keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. Ma hope iho, lilo kēia palupalu, a maloʻo nā lau, a lawe ʻia ka maʻi i ka hua. I ka mālamaʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono Topaz, Skor a i ka Strobi.
ʻO ka pulupulu o Powdery kahi nui e pili pono iā Papiroka, ʻoi loa hoʻi i ka ua māla
- ʻO nā hua ʻaʻai, a i ʻole moniliosis, he maʻi ia i loaʻa i nā kua lāʻau i nā lālā. No ka mea ke ʻike ʻole ʻia nei ʻo Papiroka he ʻano waiwai nui ia, ʻaʻole lākou e pā i ka mālama ʻana me ka liʻiliʻi o nā maʻi. Inā hala loa ka hihia, e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Skor a Fundazole.
Aia a maʻemaʻe nā moniliosis apple ma kahi lāʻau
- He maʻi weliweli ʻo Cytosporosis kahi i hoʻopuni ʻia ai nā wahi i hoʻopuni ʻia o ke cortex me nā maʻi ʻulaʻula liʻiliʻi a maloʻo paha. ʻO ka maʻi hiki ke luku koke i ka lāʻau. Ma ka hihia o kahi lesi koʻikoʻi, hiki ʻole ke mālama ʻia, akā inā ʻike ʻoe, pono e ʻokiʻoki i nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia, e hoʻopiʻi ana i nā mea ola kokoke, a e kīpī i nā ʻāpana me kahi pane o ka keleawe keleawe.
He maʻi weliweli ʻo Cytosporosis e alakaʻi i ka make o ka lāʻau āpau
- ʻO ke kanulau ʻeleʻele kahi maʻi ʻeha loa. Pahu ʻia i loko o nā ʻōpū, nā lālā paleka, nā lau, nā hua. ʻO ka ʻili i hoʻopili ʻia e like me ka puhi ʻia. I ka manawa like, ʻike ʻia ke kāʻei ʻia ka lāʻau me ka soot. Me ka ʻike maka mua, hiki ke mālama ʻia. ʻO ia, e like me ka cytosporosis, he mea hana ia: ʻo nā wahi āpau i hoʻopiʻi ʻia me ka lāʻau olakino ke ʻoki ʻia a mālama ʻia me ka keleawe keleawe, ma hope o lākou i uhi ʻia me ka varnish māla a i ʻole ka pā aila.
Hana ʻia ka maʻi pālule ma mua o ka hana mua
Hoʻopilikia ʻia ʻo Paprika i nā pōpoki nunui e like me nā ʻano lāʻau ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana:
- Kahi pua puaʻa - kahi pōpoki ʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele me kahi proboscis, e hoʻopili i ka huaʻala, e hoʻohuli koke a maloʻo. He mea paʻakikī paha ka hakakā me nā mea kūlohelohe (ʻoiai ua ikaika ia i ka wā kanu), hoʻohana pinepine lākou i ke ʻano o ka mechanical.I ke kakahiaka nui, ʻoiai ke anuanu, e lulu ʻia nā ʻōlapa hiamoe hiamoe i nā moena moe ʻono a hōʻiliʻili ʻia.
Hiki i kēia hilahila proboscis i luku ʻia ma mua o ka hapalua o nā ʻoe.
- ʻO Apple aphid kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e hānai i nā wai wai mai nā lau ʻōpio a me nā hua pua, ma hope o ko lākou maloʻo. Hoʻopau ʻo Aphids i ke kauwela āpau. ʻO ka mea pōpilikia ka hopena o nā kūlohelohe like ʻole e kū pono iā ia, e like me, no ka laʻana, kahi infusion o ka lepo o ka taba, ʻoi aku ka puna a he aʻa ʻalaʻula.
Mai ke komo ʻana o nā aphids, ua make i nā lāʻau ʻōpio
- ʻO ka pipi Codling kahiʻuʻulu liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e ʻike pono ʻia ana kāna kīleʻa i nā mea a pau. ʻO kēia nā "ʻōpio" loa mākou e hālāwai ai i nā apu. E hoʻopau wale i ka hake ke hiki i kahi pāpono koʻikoʻi wale nō i nā kumulāʻau me nā mea kemika. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hāwau lawaiʻa māmā a me ka hōʻiliʻili wā o nā hua mannila hāʻule hāʻule liʻiliʻi i hōʻemi ʻia i nā koina ma ka liʻiliʻi.
Loaʻa ka hopena o ka hana o ka nahu i kahi keiki
Nā Hōʻike Kūʻai
ʻO kahi ʻano momona maikaʻi aʻe, inā ʻaʻole no kahi minuke nui loa, a he predisposition kēia i ka pauka pulehu.
Oleg
//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-11904.html
Wahi a kaʻu mau ʻike, ʻo Papirovka no laila e mālama pono ai kekahi i nā makahiki he 20, a inā ʻaʻole ʻoe mālama, ke holo nui nei ʻo 3 mau makahiki ma mua o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana. Punawai: //smoldacha.ru/forum/plodovye_kultury/topic_763
Yuri
//smoldacha.ru/forum/plodovye_kultury/topic_763
Uaʻoi aku ka nānā ʻana o ko Papiroka ma mua o ka hapalua makahiki. Ke ʻole o ka ʻāina ma kahi o nā lāʻau, ʻokoʻa loa ka nui a me ka nui o nā hua like ... E pili ana i ka hoʻopiha ʻana iā White e hiki ai iaʻu ke kanu i kēia ʻano kauwela ma waho o kahi ʻano nostalgia. ʻAʻole ʻoluʻolu loa nā Apel, ʻoi loa ia mai ke kauwela. I hoʻokahi manawa, nalowale mākou i ka kumulāʻau o kēia ʻano.
Lōhina
//forum.tvoysad.ru/viewtopic.php?t=10388&start=195
He ʻelua mau lāʻau aʻu, ʻoi aʻe, ua kiʻekiʻe kahi lāʻau a ua loaʻa iaʻu i nā pilikia i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, a inā hāʻule ka ʻōpala hua, a laila e wāwahi ana ia.
"Athanasque"
//forumsadovodov.com.ua/viewtopic.php?p=5413
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā māla i ʻike i ka hana e hana ai i kahi pānaʻi e like me White Bulk. A, eia naʻe ʻaʻole pololei kēia like ʻole mai loko aʻe o ka inoa o ka wahine, a aloha iā ia no ke mālama ʻana iā mākou i nā hua āpau o ka mea mua. ʻAʻole nalo kēia ʻano like mai nā māla lau no nā kenekulia ʻekolu. ʻOiai ʻo ka manaʻo ʻole o ka hua i mālama ʻia no ka lōʻihi, mālama ʻo Papirovka e hoʻopiha i ka makemake kūlohelohe eʻai koke i ka kīʻaha mua a maikaʻi loa i ka makahiki.
