ʻO ka maikaʻi o Pi Talgar: kahi mākaʻikaʻi maikaʻi o nā ʻano loea lōʻihi

ʻO Pear kekahi o nā hua nui ma Rūsia, kahi moʻomeheu kuʻuna no ka nui o nā wahi. Akā, ʻoiai ka mea ʻoiai ʻo ka wā kamaliʻi e ʻike mākou i nā huaʻōlelo ʻo "Apple a me Pear Blossomed", ma mua o ka mea ʻole i ʻelua mau kumu pā i kanu ʻia i loko o ka hale ʻaina o ke kauwela. A ʻo kēia ke kūpono ke hoʻokokoke pono ʻia ke koho ʻana o nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano pear pono kūpono ʻo ia ka Talgar nani, ka mea lawe i nā hua a nani a maikaʻi hoʻi.

Kālaiʻokoʻa ka wehewehe ʻana o Talgar ka nani

Ua makemake mua loa nā pualala ʻōmaʻomaʻo Talgar beauty. Ua hoʻonui ʻia ma mua o ka hapa haneli mau makahiki i ka Kazakh Research Institute of Horticulture a me Viticulture e pili ana i nā ʻano like ʻole ʻo Forest Beauty. ʻO nā pollinators ma ke kaʻina koho i ke Kumuhana, Goverla a me Lyubimitsa Klappa. Ke koho ʻia nei nā ʻano ʻoluʻolu no nā ʻāina mahana, i ulu nui ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻo Krasnodar a me Stavropol, a ma Ukraine hoʻi. Ke ulu maoli nei nā kūlana o ka palena o Volga i ka maʻamau, akā ma luna o ka māla waena o Volga no ka nani Talgar ua kau mua i kekahi pilikia. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o Pokukua, ua ʻike ʻia ke ʻano mea hiki ʻole ke kanu ʻia ʻana. Ua kapa ʻia nā kānaka o ka nani ʻo Talgar i ka ʻōlelo aloha "Talgarochka".

Kahi ʻia ka nui o kēia lāʻau pā, ʻaʻole iʻoi aʻe ma mua o ʻekolu mau mika. Pōpō ka lei poʻo pyramidal, no ka mea ua kuhikuhi pololei ʻia nā lālā nui, kokoke pololei nā wana, ʻālana ke aniani, ʻākala-kala ka ʻāpana. Nā lau o nā kala ʻōmaʻomaʻo maʻamau, shiny, oval, aia ma nā petioles lōʻihi. Kūpono ka lāʻau hua lāʻau i ka māhaʻu, me nā lālani me nā hua sag i ka ʻāina. Aia ka lāʻau i ka palala, e kū pono i ka hau, hiki ke kū i ka hāʻule o ka mahana ma -30 ^{e pili ana}C, hōʻeha iki i ka wā hoʻōla. Ma ka mālamaʻana, ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻano ʻole ke ʻano.

ʻAʻole nānā maikaʻi nā lāʻau Talgarka, e like me nā lālā o nā lālā i ka lepo ma lalo o ke kaumaha o ka hua

He nui nā kua nā cone-cone. ʻO nā mea hoʻohālikelike i nā kakaka. Hōʻike ka ʻano ʻōiwi i ka hiki ʻana i ka wā mua: hāʻawi ia i ka hua mua i ka makahiki ʻehā ma hope o ke kanu ʻana, akā liʻiliʻi no nā makahiki mua 1-2. ʻOi aku ka hopena, ʻoi loa ka makahiki, hoʻonui pinepine ʻia me ka makahiki. Hoʻalaʻa nā hua i ka hala ʻole: ʻaʻole i hala ma mua o ka hopena o Kepakemapa.

He nani nā hua, ʻoi aku ka nui (ke kaupaona ʻana ma waena o 160-200 g), kahi ʻano "botol" elongated. Pīwīwī ka paʻu, palaʻa, ʻōmaʻomaʻo ke kala nui, akā uhi ʻia i ka palahu ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, he nui nā wahi subcutaneous. Pololei, ʻoi a keʻokeʻo paha ka palaila, ʻono, ʻōpū, hoʻāʻo ʻia ka meaʻono i loko o ka mālama. Mālama ʻia nā huaʻai ʻole unripe i loko o ka hale hale no ʻelua mau mahina ʻelua, i kekahi manawa he lōʻihi. Hoʻopau paʻa nā ʻālia ʻā ʻia i luna o ka lāʻau, mai hina ʻole i ka makani, ʻaʻole maikaʻi mau ia: ʻo nā specimens overripe ʻaʻole kūpono no ka ʻai. ʻO ka halihali i nā hua i lawe ʻia me ke ʻano maikaʻi.

Hōʻike ia i nā hua o ka nani Talgar ma luna o kahi kumulāʻau e lōʻihi i kahi mau pua

Pēlā, ʻo nā pono nui o nā ʻano ka:

• mālie o ke kanu;
• ka hāhū a me ka hau;
• pale aku i nā maʻi he nui;
• mea momona kiʻekiʻe;
• nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o ko nā hua, ko lākou nui;
• maikaʻi maikaʻi;
• mālama pono a me ka lawe ʻana.

I waena o nā hemahema, ʻike ʻia ka paʻakikī o nā huaʻai a me ka ʻike ʻole i nā pears i lawe ʻole ʻia i ka manawa ma ka lāʻau.

ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā mea pena

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole ia i loko o ka maikaʻi o ka Talgar, a me ka haʻalele ʻana i nā mea koho, he mea ʻole kona hua. No ka huahana maʻamau, pono ka cross-pollination, ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi e pili ana i nā kumulāʻau kokoke i kekahi mau ʻano. ʻO nā mea koho maikaʻi loa ʻo ia mau ʻano i komo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o Talgarochka: Goverla a i ʻaha kūkā. Hoʻopuka maikaʻi loa ʻo Kucheryanka.

No ka mea maoli, no ka pollination, ʻaʻole ʻoe e pono i kahi lāʻau nui o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻano kūpono i loko o ka lei o ka nani o Talgar.

Akā, i ka mea mua, ʻaʻole pono ia he lālā hoʻokahi, a ma ka lua, a hiki i ka wā e ulu ai nā maʻi, e hana nō ʻoe me kahi hua liʻiliʻi. Ma ke ʻano, hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i ke hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka lāʻau i mea e loaʻa ai nā lālā he nui o ka nani ʻo Talgar iā ia ma ke kahua: inā ʻoe e kanu iā ia ma ka ululāʻau lāʻau, hoʻonui nui ka ʻōpū. Hoʻopili ia, e ulu maikaʻi ka ʻano me ka quince, kahi mea e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa.

Ke kanu ʻana i kahi pā: nā aʻoaʻo ma ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo

ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa ka maikaʻi ʻo Posada Talgar mai ka kanu ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻole ia he paʻakikī i kahi mea mālama lāʻau akamai. ʻO ka wā maikaʻi loa e kanu ai i ka pūnāwai, i ka lā mua o ʻApelila, i ka manawa koke e hele mai ka manawa kūpono e hana ma ka māla me ka lepo. I kēia manawa, hiamoe ke mau pua, a maikaʻi maikaʻi nā hua. Ma ke kūkulu hema, hiki nō hoʻi ke kanu kanu ʻana ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka lau, akā he lōʻihi ma mua o nā palahalaha ʻoi loa.

ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o hoʻokahi keiki ʻekahi mau makahiki, ʻoiai ʻole ia he mau lālā lateral i ke kākoʻo, a i ʻole lākou e hoʻopuka wale ʻia a ʻaʻole iʻoi aku i 10 cm ka lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻāpana o kahi huiki makahiki ma kahi o 10 mm mau loa, ʻaʻole kaʻino o ka ʻili. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, ʻo kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he mau hopena olakino: ma ka hoʻohui aʻe i nā mea nui, pono nā pūpū o ka mānoanoa, a pono lākou a ola a ola maikaʻi hoʻi. Maikaʻi loa nā ʻona he ʻelua a ʻelua ke kanu no ka kanu ʻana, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o kā lākou pālahalaha a me nā ʻāpana lele: ʻoi loa ka mana o ke aʻa a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ola ma kahi hou e hiki ai iā ia ke hānai pono i nā lālā ulu maikaʻi a me kā lākou mau lala.

Pono ka maikaʻi o Talgar i ka nui o ka lā, no laila e koho ʻia ke kahua no ka uhi ʻole ʻia e nā hale kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe, ma ka liʻiliʻi o ke komohana hema a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao hema. ʻAʻole hoihoi ia no nā lepo, akā, ʻo ka kanu ʻana ma ke one, ka pālolo a i nā ʻāina maloʻo pono ʻole e pale ʻia; loam I ka hanana kokoke ʻana o ka wai, pono ke kanu ʻia ka pā ma kahi puʻu i kūkulu ʻia ʻia.

Hoʻomaka mau ʻia nā ʻili i kahi lā ʻoluʻolu, ma kēia hihia wale nō i loaʻa ai nā hua i nā ʻano ʻano o ka ʻano

E like me ke kanu ʻana i kekahi kumulāʻau lāʻau, pono e hoʻolālā i ka wahi i hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke ʻili wale i kahi kō kanu kanu i ka hāʻule, akā lōʻihi nō hoʻi ma mua o ka eli ʻana i ka ʻāina a puni ka lāʻau e hiki mai ana: ma luna o ka manawa, e hoʻomohala ana nā aʻa a ʻaʻole lawa o lākou pōkole e waiho ʻia i loko lua. No laila, i ke kauwela he mea kūpono e eli i kahi papa e pili ana iā 3 x 3 mika, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā lau palua a me nā mea hoʻomoʻa o nā manamana a me nā minerala e maʻamau no ka eli ʻana i nā moena. A i ka wā e hāʻule ai, ma hope koke iho o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia, e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka lua kanu i hiki ai i ka pūnāwai ua ulu nā ʻāina a ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ke kūlehuola.

No laila, penei ka pauku o nā hana no ka kanu ʻana i kahi pōpoki.

1. I ke kauwela, eli mākou i kahi hoʻolālā.
   

   E kōkua ana kahi pūnaewele i mua o kahi pōpō e ola maʻamau i nā makahiki mua

2. I ka wā o ka wā lohi, kā mākou ʻeli i kahi lua nui, kahi hohonu a hiki i ka mita, akā, ʻaʻole i emi iki ma lalo o 70 cm, i ka diameter - e like me ia, akā pono 80 mau kenimika. Hoʻohui mākou i kahi lepo momona ma kahi kokoke, a lūlū i nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa ma lalo o nā alanui.
   

   Hohonu ka hohonu o ka pa, hohonu ka lalo ma lalo, ua kiola ʻia ke ʻano
3. Hoʻohui mākou i nā ʻāpana he 3-4 o ka humus a me ka hapalua o kahi peʻa o ka lehu ahi i ka maʻa mau o ka lepo, kāwili maikaʻi. ʻO Superphosphate, he koho i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi.
   

   ʻO ka lehu lāʻau ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea kanu nui ma ka māla

4. Ma ka lalo o ka lua, e kau i kahi papa o ka drainage 10-15 cm: nā ʻōpala, nā ʻōpala, nā ʻāpana lepo, a me nā mea i loaʻa.
   

   Pōhaku i ka lua o ka lua e pale i ka stagnation o ka wai nui loa

5. E ninini mākou i ka hapalua o ka hāhai i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i loko o ka lua, kahe ʻana i kahi pahu ikaika e pili ana i kahi mika ke kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka lepo, a e hoʻopiha i ke koena o ka hui. E kali ana no ka pūnāwai.
6. I ka pūnāwai, lawe mai mākou i ka huina huaʻu i ka pūnaewele a hoʻohaʻahaʻa iā ia me nā aʻa i loko o kahi pahu wai no ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka lā, i hoʻomohala ʻia nā aʻa me ka umu.
   

   Ke hāʻawi nei ʻoe i kahi mea kanu i ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaloʻo i ke aʻa, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka holoi ʻana iā lākou

7. Lawe mākou i kekahi ʻāpana o ka lepo mai ka lua kanu e hiki i nā aʻa ke komo maikaʻi.
8. Kipi iho i nā aʻa no kekahi mau minuke i loko o kahi lepo mash.
   

   Hoʻoulu nui ka kamaʻilio pipi a me ka mullein chatter i nā manawa e ola ai i ka pear ola

9. Mālama mākou i nā hua kanu i loko o ka lua, e hoʻokaʻaka i nā aʻa a loaʻa lākou i ke ʻano kūlohelohe, me ka hopohopo ʻole, a e hoʻopiʻi hou iā lākou me ka lepo hauhā.
   

   Pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā aʻa.
10. Mālama mākou i ka noho ʻana o ka ʻāʻī kumu ma 4-5 cm ma luna o ka ʻili o ka honua: inā pono, e lulu i ke aʻa a hoʻōla i ka hua hua.
    

    Ua waiho ka papa ma ka papahele a i ʻole kekahi pae pae e kōkua pololei i ka loiloi ʻana i ka pae

11. Ke hoʻi ʻana i ka lepo i kahi wā mākou e hele ai iā ia: mua me ka lima, a laila me ka wāwae.
    

    Pono e hoʻopili pono ʻia ka ʻāina me ka waiho ʻole ʻana e waiho.

12. Hoʻopaʻa mākou i ka mea kanu i ka pahu me kahi lāʻau paʻa ikaika, e hana ana i ka "ʻewalu".
    

    E hoʻopaʻa paʻa ka G8 i ka ʻōpio ʻōpio i kahi ākea

13. E hoʻolōʻihi i ka wai me ka wai. E lawe i ka 2-3 mau peʻa.
    

    Pono e hoʻokaʻawale i ka lepo āpau i ka lua kanu me ka wai me ka wai.

14. Kālehu i ka pōʻai papakū me ka mauʻu, humus a i ʻole mauʻu ka mea i puni a i ke kūpaʻa he 3-5 cm o ka ʻole o ka lula.
    

    Maikaʻi ʻo Mulching, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hiamoe

No ka lōʻihi o ka wā, e noho iki ka lepo, a e kokoke kokoke ke kua o ke aʻa i ke kahua. Inā nāwaliwali nā hua, a mālie ka ʻāina, no ka manawa mua hiki iā ʻoe ke kūkulu i kahi pā liʻiliʻi a puni ka lāʻau. Pono nā kia kaua e nānā pono ʻia i kēia wā i waiho ʻole ai, akā ʻaʻole e hiolo i ka ʻāpana o ka pila.

Ma waena o nā kumulāʻau

He mea ʻole hoʻi ke kanu ʻia kahi mea kanu ma ke kauwela maʻamau ma mua o ʻelua mau lālā pia i ka pūnaewele. Ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, i ka wā i kanu ai ka mea kākau o kēia mau laina i kona mau makahiki ʻehā (o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā lā e hoʻopau ai), ʻike ʻia nā pilikia i ke kūʻai aku ʻana i ka ʻai: ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe a pau i ke kālepa ʻana, akā no ka ʻohana maʻamau a me ka ʻohana koke ua maopopo kēia ʻāpana. Akā ma kekahi hihia, i ka wā e kanu ai i ka hapa nui o nā pears me ka mana ulu o ka lā (ʻo ia ka Talgar nani), i kahi mamao o nā liʻiliʻi ʻehā mau kaila e waiho ma waena o nā kumulāʻau, a ʻoi aku ʻelima.

I ka wā mua, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā āpau ma waena o nā mea kanu e nā moena me nā mea kanu, nā pua, a hiki i nā mea kanu lāʻau. Akā ma hope o ʻekolu mau makahiki, e pono ʻoe e kāpī me kēia mau mea kanu: e hoʻokokoke ana nā lālā o nā lālā palā pili kokoke i kekahi, a laila pili lākou.

ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ka māla a me nā subtleties o ka mālama

ʻO ka maikaʻi o Pear Talgar he mea hoʻohālikelike i nā kūlana e ulu nei, akā e koi ʻia ka mālama maʻamau i loko o kona ola. E like me nā lāʻau hua āpau, iho mai ia i ka wai, hoʻopau ʻana i ka lole o ka manawa, ka wā liʻiliʻi, a me ka peʻe pale. Eia kekahi, ma ke ala waena e pono e hoʻomākaukau mākaukau no ka hānau ʻana.

• Ke koi ʻia ka wai huhū wale nō i ka makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu mau makahiki o ke ola o ka lāʻau, a hiki i ke aʻa hohonu ke lau i loko o ka ʻāina a ʻaʻole i loaʻa ka mako na lākou iho. Ke haʻulu nei ka lepo, pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā puna o 2-3 i lalo o ka hua ʻōpio. Pono nā lāʻauʻelemakule e hoʻohāinu i ka wā o ka ulu ikaika o nā wana (ʻo ke kauwela mua) a me ka lūlū hua (ʻAukake). I ka wā o kēia manawa, pono e hoʻōla ʻia ka wai, a hiki i ka 20-25 mau pōpoki i kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau. Hoʻopau wale nā ​​ʻāhini i ka pilikia. Pono ke koena o ka manawa e hoʻoinu wale ʻia inā he lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ke ʻano anu. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomālamalama i ka ʻāina a puni nā lāʻau ʻōpio ma hope o ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a mālama mau ʻia nā pāʻai i lalo o ka sod.
• I nā makahiki mua ʻelua ʻaʻole pono kahi e hānai i ka pā. Ma hope mai, i ka wā mua o ka puna, i ka lepo a maloo, urea a i ʻole kekahi nitrate (ma kahi o 15 g no 1 m) kahi i hoʻopuehu ʻia a puni nā lāʻau²) Inā ʻaʻole i luʻi loa ʻoe me ka hoʻolauna ʻana i nā pōkīkē o ka nitrogen, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kanu iā lākou: i ka wā e maloʻo ai nā koena o ka hau a palupalu ka lepo, e huki ʻia iā lākou i loko o ke aʻa. I ka wā hoʻoili, ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana, 50 mau kākela o ka superphosphate a hoʻokahi ipu lita o ka lehu ma kēlā me kēia kumulāʻau ke kanu ʻia ʻana i kahi puʻu pāpū i loko o ka ʻeke o ka ʻōpala.
• Hoʻomaka ka pae ʻāina ma ka lua o ke ola o ke ola. Kāliki ʻia ka ʻehā i ka manawa ma mua o ka pūnāwai, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka kahe o ka sapala, akā ua uhi ʻia nā nui nui i nā ʻano māla. Hoʻopili ʻia ka paʻahi ʻana e kū aʻe ka mea lawe ma luna o nā lālā nui. ʻAʻole hiki i ka mea kanu ka hoʻokuʻi ʻana: pono e wāwahi ʻia ka mea kanu, maloʻo a ʻike maoli i ka nunui o nā lālā lei.
• Mālama kekahi hua liʻiliʻi i mea e pale ai no ka hoʻoilo, ʻoiai ma nā ʻāina hema. Hoʻokomo ka pale i ka hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻili a me ke kāʻei iā ia me ka pepa, nā lei hale a i ʻole nā ​​mea kālai ʻole. Hoʻokomo ʻia i nā lālā lōkahi a i ʻole nā ​​ʻoniʻumi kapron kahiko e hoʻopakele mai nā rodents. Pono ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka frost no nā lāʻau pākahi ma nā wahi wale nō me nā pilikia momona. Aia ia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻōpala ʻōpala, ke kāwili ʻana i ka ʻōpala a me nā kumu o nā lālā lae me ka limu lika-lepo me ka hoʻohui o nā keleawe keleawe, ka ʻōwili ʻana i ka ʻōpala me nā mea hoʻonaninani ʻole, kāwili ʻia i ka ʻōpala ʻōpala. I ka hoʻoilo, inā hiki i ka kipa ke hele i ka mahina ʻai, hiki i ka nui o ka hau mai nā ala ke hiki ke ninini ʻia ma lalo o ka pa.
• No ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i ka pūnāwai, hoʻoulu ʻia ka pā me ka wai puna ʻo Bordeaux a i ʻole he hopena hopena o ke keleawe keleawe, a no ka ʻohi ʻana i nā pōpoki, ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hana kāʻei no nā lāʻau heila no ka wā kauwela holoʻokoʻa.

Kuhi nui ka Talgar i ka hua i ka ʻehā a i ʻole ʻelima makahiki ma hope o ke kanu ʻana. E hōʻiliʻili ʻia ai ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka manawa. Ma kahi hale kūʻai maikaʻi, hiki ke kūleʻa nā pears a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻoilo; kahi hoʻohui, kūpono lākou no nā ʻanoʻano āpau: stewed fruit, jam, jam, etc.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki: ʻo nā ʻano nui a me nā hopena i ka pilikia

ʻO kekahi pono kūponoʻole o ka nani Talgar, ʻo kona pale kiʻekiʻe loa i ka nui o nā maʻi a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā pōpoki. ʻO ka maʻamau, pale i ka pale ʻana i ka puna ma ka wā mua e mālama i nā pilikia i kēia hana. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻomohala maʻalahi (iron sulfate a ʻo Bordeaux wai wai), hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ola no kēia kumu: nā infusion o ka nettle, marigold, chamomile.

ʻAʻole hiki i kahi loea Tal Tal ke maʻi me nā maʻi ʻoi loa o ka lāʻau - ʻili, ʻaʻole makaʻu ʻo ia i nā pōpoki he nui, akā ʻaʻole hiki i nā pilikia ke hoʻopololi iā ia. ʻO nā pōʻino maʻamau loa o kēia pā i hāʻawi ʻia i ka papa 1.

Leka: ʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōkole e hoʻohālikelike i nā ʻano peʻa Talgar ka nani

ʻO nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e nānā iki wale ana, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka hua lāʻau a me ka pala ʻaila. Eia nō naʻe, he pōpilikia i mālama ʻia i ka pūnāwai me ka wai o Bordeaux hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka ʻoka o ka hua, a inā he paupaʻa kekahi mau mea, pono wale no ke ʻae a luku ʻia. Hoʻomoe nā māla holika colloidal i ke kūleʻa me ka paleweka.

ʻO nā hana ʻē aʻe e pale aku ai i nā maʻi a me ka hoʻouka ʻana i nā ʻenemi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono ana i nā lau hāʻule, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka hōʻino i ka ʻili a me nā hollows, hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻamaʻa manawa i nā mea o nā ʻuʻima hopu.

Pehea e hoʻolaʻa ai i kahi pā: nā aʻoaʻo ma ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo

Pono ka ʻenehana ʻoihana mahiai e hōʻoia ʻole ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana i nā huahana palekana ikaika; ʻO nā lāʻau hōʻohi i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pūnāwai ʻaʻole pōʻino loa no nā kānaka a me ke kaiapuni. I ka heleʻana o nā hiʻohiʻona maoli, pono paha ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka "artillery kaumaha". ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi ke lawe ʻole mai i kēia mea, akā inā pono e hoʻohana ia, e hana pono e hoʻomākaukau e like me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻia kekahi pīpī inā mālama ʻia i nā hebedoma ʻekolu a i ʻole kahi liʻiliʻi e waiho. Pono e hana ʻia nā hana ma ka mālie, ka maloʻo, maikaʻi loa i ke kakahiaka a i ke ahiahi. ʻAʻole hoʻi ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ea ma lalo o +5 ^{e pili ana}C.

ʻO ka papa o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ka puna i ka māla i ka mea i koho ʻia a me ke ʻano hoʻohālike o ka sprayer i loaʻa, akā ma ka laulā he ʻano o kēia mau hana i hala, i lawe ʻia ma hope o ka hānai ʻana o ka lāʻau.

1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe mākou i ka lāʻau pākeke me ka palaʻai paila mai nā lichens, ke aʻokiʻoki i ka ʻoki, nā huaʻai a me nā mea.
   

   ʻO nā lāʻau kanu huki wale wale nō e pono e hōʻele

2. Hoʻolā mākou i kahi pōʻai kokoke i kahi pākeke (inā ʻaʻole kulu ʻia) e kāohi i nā iniseti huna i nā hū o ka honua.
   

   Ma mua o ka pālahalaha ʻana, pono e hoʻoneʻe i nā pōkulu o nā hoʻoilo i ka ʻāina ma waho.

3. Ua heluhelu hou mākou i nā kauoha no ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kau i nā mea pale pono pilikino. No ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hoʻonā hana, ua lawa nā kīnika paʻa me nā aniani.
   

   ʻO kekahi, ka maʻalahi, nā aniani e pale aku ai i ka hoʻonā wai

4. Ke hoʻomākaukau nei mākou i ka hoʻonā o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No kahi ʻōpio ʻōpiopio, lawa ka 2-3 lita, no ka lāʻau pākeke ke makemake ʻia a hiki i kahi pahu.
   

   Pono e hoʻolako i kēlā me kēia mea pili i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hoʻonā.

5. Hoʻokomo mākou i kahi lole e maʻalahi e holoi, kahi pāpale, nā aniani, kēlā me kēia respirator maʻalahi a iʻole ka bandage gauze e pale aku i ka ʻōpū o ka hanu.
   

   Pono e ʻaʻa i ka komo ʻole o ka pīpī i komo i ka ihu, ka waha, nā maka

6. E ninini i ka ʻaha hana i loko o ka sprayer.
7. Lohi lohi mākou i ka nozzle o ka sprayer i kahi mamao o 15-25 cm mai nā kahua hānai i nā wahi a pau o ka lāʻau: nā lālā liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi, a laila ka ʻokiʻoki.
   

   Pono mākou e hoʻāʻo e kā ka ʻike ʻana ma o nā lālā a pau

8. Lawe mākou i ke koena o ka hoʻonā ma waho o ka wahi a ninini i loko o ka lua i kahi kahi i manaʻo ʻia ai nā mea kanu, ua hoʻopiha mākou me ka honua.
9. Wehe mākou i ka sprayer a me nā mea hoʻohana pono ʻole āpau. Lawe i nā lole hana. Hōʻalo ʻia nā kūleʻa kūloko a me nā bandze gauze, koʻu mau kāmaʻa a me nā aniani, nā lole e hoʻouna ʻia i ka holoi. Pono e hoʻokuʻi ʻia ka mea hoʻonāukiuki; hoʻomaʻemaʻe mākou i ka respirator hou e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻo.

Hōʻike nā māla

ʻAno ka hololele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. No kona ola - a ʻoi aku ʻo ia i 30 makahiki, aia wale nō makahiki 1 ʻaʻohe hua. ʻAʻole wau e hoʻomanaʻo i ke kumu, akā ʻo kēlā makahiki, ʻaʻohe hua ma nā lāʻau a pau. I ka wā e hala ana ʻo ʻAukake, ua maʻalahi ia. Ke kūʻai aku nei ma ka mākeke ma luna o ka lele. Mea nui, ulu nā mea nani ma luna o nā piko o nā pears. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ʻo Sores. ʻO ka hoʻomaka wale nō o ka manawa e ʻike ai ka aphid ma nā poʻo ʻōpio. Akā e hoʻoponopono koke ʻia kēia ma o ka pīpī ʻana. ʻAʻole wau e ʻōlelo he ʻona maikaʻi kāna. Inā ʻoe e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻōpala, a laila mālama ʻia i loko o kahi "ʻuala".

Kalikimaka

//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9628

Ua mālama ʻia mākou me ka nani Talgar, ua hoʻāʻo wau. ʻO ka pā, he lāʻau paʻakikī, ʻaila-aʻa i loko o kahi mea ʻono ʻole. E like me kahi hale kūʻai ʻo Forest Beauty. ʻO ka Crispy, ʻōlaha loa, akā ʻaʻole ka pōhaku. He wai momona a me ka momona ʻono, ʻo ka wai i ka wā e hoʻopuke ai i ka pīpī pololei. ʻO ka mea wale nō e nalowale ana i ka aila o ka pulp. ʻO ka Parthenocarpic, he mea aneane, ʻaʻohe kokoke nā hua. Manaʻo ʻia nā ʻano like ʻole i ka pā, akā loaʻa ka ʻike e pili ana i ka mālama maikaʻi loa i ka papa lalo a hiki i ʻApelila.

Zener

//forum.prihoz.ru/viewtopic.php?t=7118&start=120

ʻAʻole paʻa ka pōʻai i ka maʻi a me ka hoʻoilo-paʻakikī, ke hoʻomaloʻo-maloʻo, ka makahiki a me ka nui o nā hua, nui kēia. Pau ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻai, me ka momona ʻono, me ka ʻole zest (ʻona maoli ka momona), ʻona (pilikino, makemake wau i nā buttery), ʻaʻole lākou i mālama ʻia no ka wā lōʻihi a hoʻowalewale ʻole ia mai ka lāʻau me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻona a me nā mea ʻono, he minuke kēia. Noʻu iho a me koʻu ʻohana, a laila ʻae kēlā i kekahi ʻāpana i loko o ka māla me koʻu poʻo, he nui. ʻIke wau i ke aloha o nā keiki, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i nā meaʻono, akā ua wehewehe wau i koʻu manaʻo.

Palapala

//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=23423

ʻO ka maikaʻi o Pear Talgar kahi māka maikaʻi o nā ʻano ʻano i hōʻike ʻia iā lākou iho i nā manawa mamao. ʻAʻole ia he ʻano kūpono kūpono ʻole, akā ʻo kona mau pono nui he mea maʻalahi ia o ka mālama a me ka hopena kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ala waena ʻaʻole ia ke koho maikaʻi loa, akā ma ka ʻāpana Black Black a me nā ʻāina hema ia e ʻoluʻolu loa i ka kaulana.