He ʻohana heterogeneous ka Solanaceae, ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia (ka ʻuala, ka ʻoma, ka pepa, ka hua manu), nā pua nani, nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mea kanu make. ʻO ka mea i loaʻa i ka hapanui nā mākaʻi hiki ke pepehi i kahi pākeke, akā hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻOi aku ka ʻike ʻoi loa e pili ana i ka pō - i loko o ka manaʻo.
ʻO keʻano o ka ʻohana nighthade
He ʻohana ʻohana ʻo Solanaceae, aia ma 2019 i ka 115 genera a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2700 mau ʻano. Hele mai ka poʻe ma luna o nā mea he nui i kēlā me kēia lā.
Nā ʻelele o ka pō
Ua māhele ʻia nā ʻelele i ʻekolu ʻano ola:
- mea kanu;
- nā lāʻau lāʻau (erect and creeping);
- nā lāʻau (nightshade aiʻole acnistus).
E hui pū me ka ʻohana o "bindweed" i ke ʻano maʻamau o ka nighthade.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o nā mea kanu nighthade
ʻO ka hapa nui he mau ʻala ʻono ʻono kūpono. Ua hoʻopili ʻia nā mea make make e nā kohu glandular a hoʻopio i kahi ʻea pungent.
Nui! Aia ka hapanui o ka nightshade i ka solanine. ʻAʻole kēia mea hoʻonā e pili ana i nā alkaloids i ka hōʻeha i ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. Aia ka nui o ka nui o ka hua i hua ʻia me nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo (mau ʻaka, huaʻala, ʻōpala, a me nā mea). No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā hua ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻili no ka mahiʻai holoholona. I ka wā wela, hoʻopau ʻia ka solanine.
Loaʻa ka hopena pōʻino o nā alkaloid ma ka hen, dope a me ka belladonna. ʻO ka poʻomanaʻo e hoʻonāukiuki i ka maʻi, ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha, ka ʻeha. Me ka hopena lōʻihi, hoʻopilikia ʻia ka hana a ka maʻi thyroid, ua pā nā kino o nā lālā o ke aihue, a emi iho ka ʻike.
Nā hana i kahi hihia o nā mea make: kāhea i kahi ambulance, a laila inu i ka wai me kekahi mea e hoʻokūkū ai a make i ka luaʻi.
Nā hōʻailona o ka ʻohana nighthade
No ka ʻohana ka ʻohana o nā dicotyledons. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o nā hua kanu mea kanu i ʻelua cotyledons lateral. ʻO nā mea kanu Monocotyledonous, e like me ka inoa e hōʻike nei, hoʻokahi hapa. Hoʻohālikelike nā ʻelele o nā monocotyledons i kā lākou ʻano. ʻOkoʻa ʻē aʻe nā Solanaceae mai kekahi i kekahi, akā naʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau.
Nā hiʻohiʻona hiʻona o ka papa pō i kau ʻia ma nā hōʻike ʻepekema:
- lau ʻano: kiaalaha, serrated, me nā manawa a i ʻole i ke ʻano o ka leʻaleʻa;
- Aia ma lalo a i waenakonu o nā lau kumu i hīmeni hīmeni, ma ka hapa o ka pua pua - i loko o pālua;
- ʻO nā inflorescences he mau ʻalāle nui liʻiliʻi, pinepine me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā pua;
- he kīʻaha ka loa o nā lau 5 ma lalo, a emi pinepine - mai 4 a 7;
- hiki ke ʻano o ka pīʻī ma ke ʻano o kahi huila, saucer, funnel.
Nā hōʻailona maʻamau
Nā hua Solanum
ʻO nā huaʻai he mau huaʻai (nā pōpō, nā pō pōkele, ka hua manu, nā ʻuala, ka physalis, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) a i nā pahu (pia, petunia, belladonna, bleached, dope). E hāmama nā pahu ma nā ʻēheu. Kūpono nā huaʻai, he nui ka protein.
Ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā mea kanu pō
Nā momo Inflorescence - curl a gyrus paha. Hulu pua: * H (5) L (5) T5P1. ʻĀina:
- ʻelima mau ka kahi i kālai ʻia;
- ʻelima ʻelima pōkole i kā corolla;
- ʻo ka helu o nā stamens i hoʻopili ʻia me nā petals;
- ka mea pili ʻole.
ʻĀina pua
Nā lau o ka ʻohana nighthade
Nā maʻalahi, lobed, i kekahi manawa kolohe ʻia. Ma ka lāʻau ua hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia. Hele ʻole nā stipules. Ua uhi ʻia kekahi o nā ʻelele me nā lauoho.
Nā papa inoa o nā pōkole pō.
Mau mea kanu
ʻO ka ʻohana nighthade, me nā mea he 2,600 mau ʻano, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea kanu mea kanu.
- mandrake;
- tabako
- ʻōpala (solanaceous dark-fruited);
- ʻuala
- ʻawaʻawa a me nā ʻala;
- pilikiʻōlani pōfele (wolfberry);
- scopolia;
- wahaila pōkole pōholi;
- nā ʻoniā nui;
- ʻminehia ka pōkole me nā mea ʻē aʻe
Mau mea kanu
Nā mea kanu lāʻau pōholi:
- ʻO ka mea kanu. ʻO ka tubers o nā mea kanu, i loli ʻia e pili ana i lalo o nā mea kanu. Ma nā māla, kanu ʻia nā kuʻuna i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kōpī, akā hiki ke kanu ʻia nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hua ʻuala kahi hua ʻala o ka pua ʻōuli me nā hua a loko.
- ʻŌpala. He mau mea kanu nā mea kanu a kanu mau ʻia. Mai kahi hiʻohiʻona botanical, he hua ʻulaʻula uliuli kekahi. ʻO nā manawa pinepine loa, i nā huaʻai ʻole i hua ʻia me kahi kala ʻulaʻula-pale i hoʻohana ʻia no ka meaʻai. Ma hope o ka ʻūhū piha ʻana, loaʻa ka ʻōpala huaala i kahi kala kala-ʻōmaʻomaʻo, a ʻo ka hua iho ke lilo i mea paʻakikī ʻole ka momona.
- Capsicum (ʻoluʻolu a ʻawaʻawa). ʻO ka ʻono ʻono o ka mea kanu i hāʻawi i ka capsacin alkaloid.
- Hoʻomaka (kamato). E like me ka lā ma mua, ʻo nā hua he huaʻai, ʻaʻole nā mea kanu.
ʻAʻohe! Ma ka 1893, ʻo ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka ʻAha Kiʻi ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e ʻae nei i kahi paio maʻamau no ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka ʻōmato ma ke ʻano he ʻai ʻole, no ka mea, ʻaʻole i ʻai ʻia lākou no ka ʻaina.
ʻO nā pō e pono ai ʻole nighthade nighthade:
- Melon Pear. Loaʻa ia ma nā māla i Lūkia, akā ʻaʻole ia i ulu a ma luna o kahi mākaukau. Loaʻa i nā hua nā huaʻono ʻono a loaʻa nā nui o nā huaora, nā micro a me nā mea macro.
- Kaukaʻika. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona botanical e like me nā kamato. I ka CIS, ʻike pinepine ka physalis i ka confectionery - hoʻohana ʻia ia me he lei la. Eia nō hoʻi, mai nā hua i hūnā ʻia i loko o nā kīʻaha, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i ka hū me ka paʻakai.
Kaukaʻika
Nā mea kanu nighthade
Kūkulu pū kekahi hui i nā pua kūloko a me nā pua pua, nā mea kanu lāʻau a me nā mea pena ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohui ʻia lākou e nā pua nani he nui.
ʻAʻohe! Ua lawe ʻia mai nā ʻuala a me nā solanaceous i ʻEulopa ma ke kanu lāʻau.
I nā mea kanu hoʻolālā e loaʻa i nā mea kanu he nui.
Petunia
ʻO ka mea kanu maʻamau i ka CIS me kahi pua pua, e lōʻihi ana i kekahi mau mahina. He pōkole nani kona me nā pale a i ʻole nā pale liʻiliʻi. He ʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo paha ka hiʻona. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā pua hou a hiki i ʻOkakopa. Hoʻomau nā mea pana, no laila hana pinepine ʻia ka petunia ma ka ʻāina kūwaho.
Lako kikino
Kē liʻiliʻi nā mea kanu akā ua ʻala nui loa nā pua i wehe ma hope o ka hopena o ka lā. ʻOno - keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha. No nā ulaula a me nā mea cigars, hoʻohana ʻia i nā lau pia i kanu ʻia i ka nui o nā nikotine.
Lako kikino
Nā pōleau pōʻaiapau
Kūpono no ka waiho ʻana ma kahi kokoke i loko o kahi pākaukau, me he mea lā ua ʻoluʻolu ia i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Ua kuhikuhi i nā lau oblong. Ma hope o ka pua ʻana, e hana i nā hua a me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula.
Capsicum
ʻO kahi hale paʻahana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pā hale. ʻO nā hua - nā pepa ʻulaʻulaʻula, ʻōwele, keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka poni. He hao kuni kā lākou, e like me ka capsaicin.
Capsicum
Calibrachoa
He mea kanu me ka pua nui. He hiʻohiʻona like me ka petunia - nā kākela o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. Ma nā māla hiki ke loaʻa i ka poni, ʻoluʻolu a me ke anianiʻulaʻula, peach, melemele, ʻulaʻula, nā pua keʻokeʻo a me kahi kapa komo komo.
Calibrachoa
Nā mea kanu nui
ʻO ka ʻohana nighthade nā mea moʻomeheu a me nā mea kūlohelohe. Aia ka papa inoa aʻe:
- ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele;
- piliona lolomi;
- dope maʻamau;
- belladonna;
- belena a me kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe
Holo ka nui o ka pō.
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau o ka ʻohana nighthade
Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe nui o nā alkaloids, make nui ka nui o nā lālā ulu kūpaʻa o ka ʻohana. Eia naʻe, ua kūleʻa maikaʻi ka lāʻau i loko o ka lāʻau laʻau ma ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o nā mea lapaʻau lāʻau.
- belladonna;
- tabako
- ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele;
- mandrake;
- dope;
- scopolia;
- piliona lolomi;
- ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele;
- manu paʻa night.
ʻAʻole anei kēlā me kēia:
- ʻōpala.
ʻO ka alkaloid nā hopena (hyoscyamine, scopolamine, atropine) i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi gastrointestinal, maʻi ulia peptic, nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana urinary, ke kōmaʻa, cholecystitis. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā kānaka, hoʻohana ka tincture a me ka decoction o ke aʻa, paura mai nā lau maloʻo.
ʻO nā mea kanu pōʻino i ka pō
Heʻokoʻa nā mea kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea o ka pau a me kahi kahi o kona manaʻo. Aia ka pō ma lalo o nā pō ʻoi loa i loaʻa i lalo.
Kaukaʻi ʻia
ʻO nā inoa kaulana: Kaʻai ʻana o Berry a me ka hiamoe piha. Nā huaʻai - nā hua ʻeleʻele pīkī i loaʻa ke ʻano o ka popo nui. ʻO ka makeʻana o ka lethal no nā keiki he 3 mau huaʻai. No nā pākeke - mai 10.
Hoʻopiʻi a hoʻomaha i nā spasms. Hoʻohana ka lāʻau a me nā lau i loko o ka ʻano maloʻo a i ʻole hou paha. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā, ʻo ka mea kanu he ʻāpana o nā papa a me nā tinctures, i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻana o nā kānaka, decoctions a me nā mea hou i hana ʻia mai ia mai. Kōkua ʻo Belladonna i nā maʻi ʻōpū, cholecystitis, maʻi ʻo Parkinson.
ʻAʻohe! Koho ʻia nā huaʻāina Belle Belle (Latin Atropa) nona ka belladonna i kona inoa i ka hanohano o nā akua Helene kahiko o ka hiki ʻole o ka make o Atropa.
Mandrake
Hoʻopau ʻole ʻia ka mea pohihihi i loko o nā moʻomeheu ʻEulopa kahiko. Aia kekahi moʻolelo e hiki ai i kēia mea kanu ke ho'āwā a a me kāna kani hiki ke pepehi i kahi mea ola. Loaʻa ia ʻano hiʻohiʻona - like kona mau aʻa me ke ʻano kanaka. Aia lākou he scopolamine - kekahi ʻano alkaloid e hoʻohana ʻia ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻenehana hou.
Mandrake aʻa
Datura maʻamau
ʻO kahi ʻanoʻano o nā mea kanu kūloko o ke ʻano o ka ʻohana o ka pō. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Hyoscinamine mai nā lau no nā lāʻau anti-asthma, a ʻo nā hua ke kumu o ka atropine, ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i nā maʻi o ka ʻāpana gastrointestinal, ate, kele a i ka urinary system. Hoʻopilikia ke kumu o ke dope - iona, nā mea nona nā hallucinogenic. Loaʻa ʻia ia mau mea, nā aʻa a me nā hua.
ʻEleʻele belena
Ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he paila no ka mokulele a me nā kai kai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā Rhizomes a me ka lau o ka lau no ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, nā maʻi ʻōpū, a me nā pilikia ʻike. ʻO nā wahi āpau o ka mea kanu he mea make: nā pua, nā hua, ʻōpena, nā lau, aʻa. ʻO ka huakaʻi o ke kinona ka hopena o ka puna.
Kūkulu ʻia nā mea kanu o ka ʻohana nighthade
Hiki ke ʻoka ʻia ka ʻohana i loko o nā mea hihiu a kanu i nā mea kanu. Hoʻohui ʻia mai ka hihiu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻepekema: ka hānai ʻana, ka ʻenehana genetic, hana i nā pilū. He aha e pili ana i ka pō moʻomeheu moʻomeheu:
- ʻuala
- ʻōpala;
- Hoʻomaka
- ʻōpala;
- i ka ulaula.
Ua lōʻihi lākou i ka wā o ke kanaka no ka meaʻai, ka holoholona holoholona, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻoulu, nā cigars a me nā mea inu.
ʻO Solanaceae nā mea kanu e hālāwai nei ka poʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. Loaʻa nā lālā lōlū a kanu i nā lālā o ka ʻohana mai ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā meaʻai, a me nā ʻano hiʻona e hoʻohuli i ka home.
