I nā home a me nā mahiʻai, loaʻa pinepine nā bipi no nā mea laʻau.
ʻAʻole kēia wale nō ka kuhikuhi o ka hānauʻana o nā bipi, akā, uaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka paʻa i nāʻano o ka loaʻa kālā. ʻOiaʻiʻo, no ka hapanui o mākou, ka waiū a me nā hua puaʻa ke kumu o kaʻai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopiha i ke kino me nā mea kikowaena nui loa.
I ka wā kahiko, ua mālamaʻia nā bipi i ka mahalo kūikawā, no ka mea,ʻo kēia mau holoholona nā mea wīwī manu no nā kūpuna o kā mākou mau kūpuna. I kēia manawa,ʻaʻole mākou i aloha nui no nā bipi, akā, nui ka poʻe e hoʻomau i ka hānaiʻana iā lākou.
E makemake mākou e hoʻolako i kēiaʻatikala i nā poʻe wale nō, me kaʻike pūʻana iā lākou me ka nani momona o nā bipi momona.
ʻO nā kumu nui a me ka waiwai o ka pua o nā bipi momona o ka pipi no kaʻoihana laʻau
He lōʻihi loa ka moʻaukala o kēiaʻano, no ka mea, uaʻikeʻia ia i nā steppes ukrainian mai ka makahikiʻumikumamāiwa. Ua hānaiʻiaʻo ia e ka hānauʻana, ma muli o ka heleʻana i kahi nui o nāʻano puaʻa. ʻO ka mea nui, i ka hua i loaʻa iā kākou i kēia lā, ua hoʻohuiʻia nā'ōpū o nā bipi e kau nei:
- ʻO Angelynskaya.
- ʻO Red Ostfriesland.
- ʻO ka steppe grey.
- Hoʻomākaukau.
Ua hoʻohana pūʻia nā'ōnaehana waiwai a me nāʻano hānai'ē aʻe i kaulana i kēlā manawa, akāʻaʻole naʻe i mālama ka moʻaukala i ko lākou mau inoa. Akā, ke hoʻomau mau nei ka hana hānau me nā bipi i hōʻikeʻia i kēia lā.
Hoʻopiliʻiaʻo Red Steppe me nā bipi-inseminators o nāʻanoʻokoʻa'ē aʻe, no ka mea he mea maikaʻi lākou no ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i nāʻano i hanaʻia e like me ke kūkuluʻana i ke kino, ka hana a me ka hana waiū. ʻO keʻano, kōkua lākou i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i nā keiki holoholona Angler a me ka Red Danish.
Pehea e kuhiʻole ai i ke kūʻaiʻana i ka hua o steppe red: nā hiʻohiʻona o ka helehelena o nā holoholona
Ma waho,ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kēia mau bipi kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona nani, koe wale nō keʻano o kā lākou kūpono. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hōʻike i ke kala me kahiʻanoʻokoʻa loa - mai ka'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo i kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele.
I kekahi manawa, he mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo hoʻi ma kaʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ke kino o nā bipi. Heʻeleʻele nā bipi i ke kino luna a me lalo.
ʻO ke kino o nā elele o ka pua e lōʻihi a pili iki,ʻoiai heʻanoʻeleʻele ke kumukānāwai akā ua maloʻo. Ma muli o ke kino elongated, he lōʻihi loa ka hope, akā he palahalaha.
He hohonu ka pahu o kēia mau holoholona, akā,ʻaʻole i laulā, kokoke i ka palahalaha. ʻAʻole i laka maikaʻiʻoleʻia ko lākou hauhihi. He ākea ka malo, akāʻo ka lōʻihi ka lōʻihi.
ʻO ko lākou'ōpū, e like me nā bipi wahine waiū a pau, he mea momona loa, no ka mea, ua hoʻonuiʻia nā iwi ākea. Eia naʻe ʻaʻole i hāʻule ka'ōpū i ka wa e lawe ana i ke keiki bipi.
He ikaika, pololei a paʻapaʻa nā wāwae, akā,ʻaʻole i kūpono i kēia mau kau bipi no ka hoʻouluʻana ma ka'āina kūlohelohe. I ka uluʻana,ʻaʻole lākou i kiʻekiʻe, kōkua i nā holoholona e hiki ke maʻalahi i kā lākou kaumaha.
ʻO nā iwi a pau he māmā a he haʻahaʻa. ʻO kaʻili o nā bipi he mea maʻalahi loa ia, no ka mea, ma luna o ka makahiki o ka makahiki, loaʻa iā lākou i ka manawa a me ka lilo i ka kaumaha. Akā ma keʻano laulā, ua maikaʻiʻole ka uluʻana o ka momona o kēia mau holoholona,ʻoiai he meaʻai kā lākou i kaʻiʻo.
ʻO ke poʻo o nā kaupae weleʻulaʻula he māmā loa a heʻuʻuku hoʻi i ka nui. Loaʻa konaʻano pālolina, e komo i loko o ke kino ma o ka'ā'ī lahilahi. Ma muli o ka'ōleʻele o kaʻili, uaʻeleʻele hoʻi ke aniani ihu. Heʻuʻuku nā pepeiao,'ālohile keʻokeʻo i ka leʻo, i nakinakiʻia.
ʻO nā mea maʻamau nā lālā o ka lāhui i haʻiʻia, hōʻike lākou i ka liʻiliʻi o kēia mau holoholona:
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona i ka poʻeʻeleʻele ua hiki i 126-129 centimeters,ʻoiaiʻo ko lākou mau maloʻo he wahi liʻiliʻi loa ia.
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ke kino holoʻokoʻa ke hiki ke piʻi mai 152 a 156 keneta.
- He hohonu ka umauma aʻo ke ana he 66-68 keneta.
- ʻO nā ana o ka laulā o ka umauma he 37-42 keneta.
- ʻO ka metacarpus i ke kāʻei he 17-19 centimeters.
He aha ka mea e pono ai ke kanaka o kēia pani o ka pipi uila?
Hiki i ka Udder ke haʻi nui i kāna mea nona, i ka mea e pili ana i nā mea momona o nā bipi. ʻO ka'opi'āpana uila heʻano a puni,ʻo ia hoʻi, heʻano like me ka cone truncated.
Eia naʻe,ʻike nā mea hoʻohiwahi holoholona i ka mea maʻalahi i ka meaʻeleʻele. Akā,ʻo ia keʻano o ke kāʻei e hōʻike ana ua kūpono kēia mau bipi no ka mīkini mele.
Akā nō naʻe, ponoʻoe e makaʻala i loko o nā nipples, heʻanoʻeleʻele keʻano a hiki ke hoʻouluʻia me nā kīʻaha liʻiliʻi,ʻaʻohe waiu e koe.
Heʻahaʻaina nā nipples no ka mīkini aʻoʻana, no ka mea,ʻo ka lōʻihi o nā mea mua i ke kaulike 6.5 centimeters, a me ka hope - 5.7.
I ka nui ʻAʻole nui nui ka heluakā ua ulu pono. ʻO keʻano, heʻano momona ia i nā bipi momoe whele, kahi i makemakeʻia no nā bipi momona. ʻO keʻano o kēiaʻano, he palupalu ka nalu i ka wā o ka milikū a hiki ke ikaika ikaika i ka wā e ulu ana ka waiū.
Akā ma hope o kaʻiliʻana, e emi iho ana ka nui, e hana ana i nā pāpale liʻiliʻi ma ka paia o hope.
He mea hauʻoli nō hoʻi e heluhelu e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka luluʻana i ka bipi.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka mālamaʻana a me ka hānauʻana o nā bipi i haʻiʻia
He mea maʻalahi ka manaʻo e pono ke kohoʻia ka pua o ka bipi i mea wale nō no kona mau kikoʻu. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, pehea ka hopena, me ke kūponoʻole o ka palekana a me ka olakino,ʻo ka mālamaʻana i iaʻano holoholona e lawe wale mai i nā poho.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi, he maikaʻi nā bipi kaupae ulaʻula ma kēiaʻano, no ka mea, heʻanoʻike kēia. kūpono:
- Ma keʻano he mau lunamaka o ka papa hana, ua maʻalahi kēia mau bipi i ka mea kokoke i nā kūlana.
ʻO lākou ka mea kūpono no ka hānauʻana ma kaʻaoʻao hema me ka mahana wela.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ma lalo o ka lā wela, hiki i kēia mau holoholona keʻike i ka maikaʻi loa,ʻoiai he maikaʻi ke hoʻolako i nā hale lole a me nā palena o ka ululāʻau ma nā wahi mahi'āina, ma ke aka o nā bipi e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu.
He mea nui loa i loko o ke kau maloʻo a me ka lōʻihi o ke kauwela,ʻaʻole hiki i nā holoholona ke mālama i ka palekana o ko lākou kaumaha, akā, no ka hānaiʻana hoʻi i nā mālama'āina ma nā wahi kula nui loa a me ka puhi.
- Hoʻololi nō lākou i nāʻano ākea me ka pilikiaʻole, oʻole ka makani a me ka ua e hoʻopōʻino i nā bipi momona.
Hōʻike kēia mau mea a pau i ka hopena maikaʻi o nā holoholona, i hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka nui, i ka nui o kona mau helu, me ka hanaʻoleʻana o ke kanaka.
Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nā holoholona i keʻano ikaika o ka makuahine, e mālama ana i kā lākou mau keiki no kahi lōʻihi lōʻihi.
- Hoʻomaopopoʻia nā keiki a me nā mea'ōpio me ke kūlana maikaʻi loa.
Ma muli o kēia, ua maʻalahi ka hopena o nāʻanoʻinoʻino o waho a me nā maʻi maʻi ma luna o ka pipi uila. Ke kū nei lākou me ke kūpaʻa e kū'ē i nā maʻi hanu maʻi wale nō, akā,ʻo ka leukemia hoʻi, ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā pipi.
No nā bipi momona e pili ana i kēiaʻano, he mea nui loa ia no ka maʻi e like me ka maʻi leukemia e hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻiʻole i ka hana waiū.
He aha nāʻano nāwaliwali o ka lāhui: e kūkākūkā i ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona
ʻOiaiʻo ka mea i hōʻikeʻia i nā pua bipi wahi kūpono loa no ka mea milia milkingʻO kēiaʻano no ka loaʻaʻana o ka waiū e pinepine i kaʻikeʻana o ka mastitis.
Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hiki ke hana i nā kī kīla o ka mīkini kānua i nā nipples, a ma laila e pukaʻole mai ai ka waiū mai loko mai. ʻO ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, aia ma waena o nāʻelele o ka lāhui, heʻano koloheʻole ka mea a ka māhele aʻaʻoleʻo nā'āpana like.
No laila, ma mua o kou hoʻopauʻana i ka hana milikō, he mea nui loa ke emi iho i nā kīʻaha mai nā niho ka mea massage, a laila e hoʻopiha wale i ka milimili. Eia kekahi, pono ke hana i nā mea pale i nā bipi i nā manawa a pau. Me ko lākou kōkua, ua hoʻonui nuiʻia ka hua wai.
Ma waena o nā mea'ē aʻe nāʻaoʻao palupalu o nā bipi momoe He mea kūpono e nānā i ka:
- ʻO kahi puʻupuʻu nāwaliwali, i hui pūʻia me ka iwi momona ke alakaʻi pinepine i ka hōʻeha i nā holoholona.
I kēia mea, he mea nui loa e hoʻolohe i ka mālama'āina no kaʻaiʻana, hiki i nā holoholona ke wehe i ko lākou mau pāwae.
- ʻAʻole i kaupaona nuiʻia kēia mau bipi, iʻole eʻae i ka hanaʻana i nā meaʻai nui loa mai iā lākou.
- Hiki a hāʻule iki i ke kino, hiki keʻikeʻia nā hapa o ke kua o ke kino.
He aha nāʻano o ka mālamaʻana e pono ai e hāʻawi i nā bipi kaupae wela?
ʻAʻole kūpono nā koi kūikawā i nā kūlana o kēia mau bipi. ʻO ka mea nui loa iā lākou,ʻo ia ka loaʻaʻana o ka meaʻai,ʻaʻole pono ka mea maikaʻi loa.
Hiki iā lākou keʻai i ka mauʻu momona māmā, i ka hāʻawiʻana i nā hua maikaʻi i ka hana waiū. Akāʻo ka hoʻomauʻana i nāʻano uʻi ulaʻula i ka mālamaʻana i kēlā me kēia makahikiʻaʻole i hāpaiʻia.
Ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻiʻia i nāʻano mahana wela,ʻaʻole lākou eʻae i ke ana wela. No laila, no ka hola hoʻoilo. E hoʻomākaukau i kahi hale hānai no nā holoholona a me nā lāʻau maikaʻi maikaʻi.
ʻO ka hoʻomahaʻana i kahi lumi me nā kau bipiʻaʻole pono. ʻOiai ma ke alo o nā bipi keiki waiū, e mālama pono nā bipi iʻole e maloʻo.
Hiki ke mālamaʻia nā bipi kaupulu uila ma nāʻano bipi wale nō, akā,ʻo kēlā me kēiaʻano. Eʻike nui nā holoholona i nā hihiaʻelua.
ʻO ka mea nāna e hoʻopakele:ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka mālamaʻana i nā bipi kau me nā bipi a pau, a nui pū me nā keiki bipi. Inā hoʻoukaʻia nā bipi i ka wāʻuʻuku, e hānaiʻia lākou me ke koena o nā pipi.
Akā i ka manawa like, he mea nui i ka hāʻawiʻana i nā keiki bipi me ka manawa kūpono e neʻe i kahi nui mai ka wā'ōpiopio,ʻaʻole wale ma loko o ka hale akā ma waho.
ʻO ka meaʻai no nā'ōpili'ōpiopio e pono aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. Ināʻole, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā pōʻino o ke kua o ke kumu a iʻole kahi kūponoʻole o nā lālā. ʻO ka hopena,ʻo ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o kēlāʻano holoholona e emi iho ana i ka nui, hiki wawe ka makeʻana.
He aha nā hōʻailona hōʻikeʻike e hoʻoikaika ai i ka mālamaʻana i nā bipi kauō?
Ma nāʻano kūpono a me nā mea kiko'ī o ka huahana, hiki i ka'ōmole steppe hua liʻiliʻi ma lalo o nāʻano puaʻa. Eia naʻe, no kona kūpaʻa a me waho ma waho, ua kiʻekiʻe loa kona kaulana.
Ma Rūsia,ʻo kēia me ka lua o ka helu ma keʻano o ka helu o nā kānaka. I kēia mau lā, hoʻomauʻia ka hoʻomaikaʻi a ma muli o keʻano o kāna mau puaʻa hou.
Milk huahua: nāʻano o ka waiu me ka waiu momona
Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻeʻike i ka uluʻana o ka waiū o nā bipi kaupae welaʻulaʻula ma keʻano likeʻole i ka hopena o nā holoholona āpau o ke kaiaulu.
Ma nā kūlana hoʻolālā maikaʻi loa no ka lāhui,ʻo ka'ōmaʻa maʻamau o ka waiū he 3000-3500 kilokika o ka waiū i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Hoʻokumu nuiʻia kēia'ilikala i ka hānaiʻana a me ka helu, i hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka waiū i ka 500-1000 kilokika.
Eia naʻe ka hopena o nā hualoaʻa wai mai kaʻulaʻula wele 10-12 mano kilokani o ka waiū no hoʻokahi lactation. ʻAiʻia ka pono o nā mea pilikino o ka waiū o ka momona o ka steppe, no ka mea, hiki i ka puʻunaue kālā keʻano he 3.2 a hiki i ka 3.6.
Akā, ma keʻano o ka momona o ka momona, he hapa liʻiliʻi kēiaʻano. ʻO ka maʻamau,ʻo 3.6-3.7% wale nō,ʻoiai, ua manaʻoʻiaʻo ka waiū o ka bipi momona,ʻo ia ka maikaʻi.
Uaʻikeʻia kekahiʻano e like me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka hana waiū, e emi ana paha ka hōʻailona o ka mea momona. Akā nō naʻe, aia nā kānaka e kūpono ai ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o kēia huahana, i ka hopena i ka hopena o ka lako meaʻai i hoʻolakoʻia e nā holoholona.
Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i nā bipi kaupae ulaʻula no ka pepehiʻana:ʻo ka hua i loaʻa a me nāʻano o ka holoholona holoholona
ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka puana i haʻiʻia, aia ma waena o kona mau lālā he mau mea maʻamau ka mea nāna i haʻi aku i kaʻiʻo a me nāʻano lawaiʻa, aiʻole kaʻiʻo wale nō. No laila, i ka hana meaʻai ʻO nā bipi momona maikaʻi loa, inā paha heʻuʻuku o ko lākou kukui.
ʻO ka nui ola o nā lālā o ka lāhui e like me ka manaʻo o ka wahine o ka holoholona:
- Ma ka hānauʻana,ʻo ka nui o nā moa he 26-35 kilokani. Hānau nā bipi ma hope oʻekolu kūpili a hiki i keʻelemakule ke piʻi mai 450 a 520 kilokilo.
- Hoʻokomoʻia nā Gobies mai ka 30 a 40 kilokani, a ma ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka wā'ōpio e hiki i ka 800-900 kilokika.
ʻO kaʻoihana momona momona o nāʻano iʻa i kēia manawa he 50-55% ka nui. Eia naʻe, inā hoʻohanaʻia kekahi pūnaehana hānai nui i nā bipi a me nā bipi, hiki ke hoʻonui iki i kēia hōʻike.
ʻO ka pipi i loaʻa mai i kēiaʻano,ʻaʻole ia e like me nāʻano kiʻekiʻe loa, akā ma keʻano he maikaʻi kona a me ka momona. ʻO ke momona a me ka palupalu o nā meaʻai e pili pono ana i keʻano o ka hānaiʻana a me nā makahiki o ka holoholona.
Manaʻoʻiaʻo kaʻiʻo o nā bipi, i mālama mauʻia i nā mea momona, ai hānaiʻia me ka mauʻu i ka hoʻoilo, heʻano kiʻekiʻe ko lākou.
Ka momona o ka hopena ulaʻula:ʻaʻole mākou e komo ma ka mālamaʻana, akā,ʻo nā bipi kauō
I mea e loaʻa ai ka waiū i ka bipi i nā manawa āpau, pono e hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. Ma muli o kēia, ua hanaʻia kahi hana lactation piha, ua nui nā hua o ka waiū, a ua paipaiʻia nā holoholona.
He kūpono kaʻikeʻana i kēlā ka momona o kēiaʻano aia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa: ka awelika o 100 mau bipi keiki no 100 mau bipi. ʻO nā kūlana o ka hānauʻana i nā kaupae pokopoko red step should include:
- Hoʻoponopono paʻakikī. ʻO ka bipi ma kēia hanaʻanaʻaʻole ia e koi aku i ke kōkuaʻana o ke kanaka, keʻole i hoʻopilikiaʻia i mua o ia mea aʻaʻohe hewa.
- ʻO keʻano o ka makuahine hānai, i hōʻikeʻia e pili ana i nā keiki bipi,ʻaʻoleʻo ko lākou mau makuahine wale nō, akā,ʻo nā lālā'ē aʻe hoʻi o ka puaʻa.
- ʻO ka precocity o nā holoholona i haʻiʻia.
