ʻO ka Milk ka hua i hoʻomaka ai ko mākou ola. Hiki ke hoʻololi i nā mea nui loa no ke ola a me ka uluʻana.
ʻO ia ke kumu no ka nui o nā pua holoholona i nā waiu waiū. ʻO ia mau bipi,ʻoiai i ka manawa e mālama mau ai i nā meaʻai, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonani i ko lākou mau haku me nā mea kiʻekiʻe loa o ka waiū momona a momona.
I kēia lā,ʻo ka koho a me keʻano o ka honua ka mea i lawe mai i ka nui o nā bipi o kēiaʻano, no laila, inā makemakeʻoe e loaʻa i kāu makemake punahele, e koho i ka mea.
Makemake mākou e haʻi pono iāʻoe e pili ana i kaʻohana Yaroslavl o nā bipi wahine waiū,ʻo ia kekahi o nāʻano hua nui o iaʻano.
ʻO Yaroslavl Burenka ka inoa kaulana: e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hua
Kapaʻia kēia inoaʻo Yaroslavl no ka mea ua hānaiʻia ma kēia wahi o ka Russian Federation. Eia kekahi,ʻaʻohe hana koho e hoʻohanaʻia i kēia mau bipi.
ʻO ka lā momona maikaʻi loa i kēia manawa ua loaʻa mai ma muli o nā makahiki he nui o ka hānauʻana no nā mea laʻa. Eia naʻe,ʻo kaʻoihana hana e hoʻonui ai i ke kumukānāwai, ka mea nāna e hoʻomaikaʻi, a me ka hoʻouluʻana i ka waiū, e hoʻomaka ana.
ʻO ka māheleʻana o nā pua momona Yaroslavl, he ākea loa ia, a ua hoʻolahaʻiaʻo iaʻaʻole wale nō ma ko lākou kūpono, akā, ma muli o ko lākou kūpono maikaʻi.
I ka hānauʻana a me ka mālama ponoʻana i ka pua he maʻalahi ka hoʻohanaʻana e like me kahi puaʻa nui, a me ka helu o kēlā me kēia.
No laila, ua kūpono kēia mau bipi i ke kau wela eʻai ana i nā mahiʻai me ka nui o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, a me nā pale no ka hānaiʻana me nā pale a me ka sila. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā bipi he kiʻekiʻe loa ia, he mea nui ia no ka hana houʻana o nā hanauna hou.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o kaʻikeʻana o nāʻelele o ka lāhui a me ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻonaʻano
I ka hapanui o kēia manawa, uaʻikeʻia kēia mau bipi maikaʻi i loko o kahiʻaʻahuʻeleʻele, akāʻo ka hapa nui o ke poʻo a me ka māmā e uhi mauʻia me nā wahi keʻokeʻo. ʻO ke'āpana o nā lālā a me ka piko o ke kapa o ka huelo he keʻokeʻo hoʻi.
Akā naʻe,ʻaʻole pono e kāhea i kaʻano black-ryabya, no ka mea,ʻaʻohe wahi o nā kānaka. Eia naʻe, no ka hopena o nā mea kanu me nāʻano likeʻole, aia kekahi mauʻeleʻele o kaʻohana Yaroslavl i ka loleʻulaʻula a keʻokeʻo.
Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻomaopopoʻia nāʻelele o nā bipi momona e nā kumukānāwai āpau me ke kumukānāwai ikaika loa. He ikaika a koʻikoʻi ka iwi hope loa o lākou, kahiʻoi aʻe o keʻano o nā bipi kauō a hoʻonanea ia lākou e hiki ai ke neʻe i kahi lōʻihi.
Mālama maikaʻiʻia ka hapa waena o ke kino i loko o kēia mau holoholona, he māmā loa ke poʻo a maloʻo. Aia kekahiʻano koʻikoʻi o ka lāhui keʻano olonā o ke poʻo o ke poʻo a me kahi hiʻohiʻona āpauʻeleʻele.
ʻO nā pepeiaohao o lākou,ʻaʻole naʻe nui loa i ka nui, akā, akā, ikaika a lahilahi ka lau. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o nā bipi kauō o Yaroslavl, ma keʻano he mau lunamaka'āina o ka hana hana lawaiʻa,ʻo ia ka awelika o ka lōʻihi o ka'ā'ī. ʻO kaʻili ma ka'ā'ī he mauʻano liʻiliʻi nui.
ʻO ke kaulikeʻana o ke kino o ka puaa i hōʻikeʻia o nā bipi i kū mai ma keʻano i hoʻonohonohoʻia i nā iwiʻaoʻao. Pēlā,ʻo ka'ōpū o nā holoholona e nānā nui loa. Akā,ʻo nā kino a pau o ke kino ua hoʻolālā loaʻia,ʻaʻole e ulu i ka nui o ka musua i loko o ke ola a ua hōʻikeʻia ma keʻano o nā mea lahilahi.
ʻO ka Fench hoʻi,ʻaʻole i hoʻopihaʻia. No kēia kumu ke kumuʻole o ka hoʻohanaʻana i kaʻohana Yaroslavl me nā bipi i loko o ka lālā meaʻai i ka meaʻole e nānā, akā, ma ka hopena o kaʻiʻo o kaʻiʻo e loaʻa mai ana iā lākou he mea pono.
He lahilahi kaʻili o ka pipi, kahi kokoke i ka waiwai o kaʻili. Ma muli o kaʻiliʻeleʻele a me ka momona momona o nā momona,ʻo nāʻelele o ka pua hiki ke loaʻa i nāʻano wela.
ʻO kā lākou mau mea e mālama ai i kahi hoʻomaha ma ka wā wela, a ma loko o nā meaʻeleʻele i nā hale mehanaʻole me nā kiʻiʻole, a me ka hoʻomehanaʻana.
Nā māhele koʻikoʻi o nā bipi kau o Yaroslavl: pehea ka nui o nā pipi?
ʻO ka kiʻekiʻe o kēia mau holoholona he nui,ʻoiai paha he mau wāwae kūpono (he iwi lahilahi ka iwi o nā wāwae,ʻo ia ke kumu e pilikia pinepine ai nā holoholona).
ʻO keʻano,ʻo ka uluʻana o ka bipi i ka mauʻu maloʻo he 125-127 wale nō wale nō.
ʻAʻole heʻano likeʻole o ka uluʻana ma waena o nā bipi a me nā bipi.
Eia kekahi,ʻaʻoheʻano likeʻole i nā ana o nā holoholona,ʻaʻoheʻano kūkaho likeʻole,ʻo nā bipi a pau e like me nā nui nui:
- ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka laina o nā laina kuhi he 152-155 centimita.
- ʻAʻole ka hohonu o ka pahu i loko o nā holoholona, mai 66 a 70 mau kenimika, aʻo ka laulā o kona mau palena he 35-37 centimeters.
- ʻO ka metacarpus he 17-18 mau keneta.
Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke'ōleloʻia ka manaʻo o kēia mau bipi i ko lākou kino i hohonu loa a kauʻia. No laila, hiki iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ka liʻiliʻi o nā bipi o ka puana i hōʻikeʻia,ʻaʻole hiki ke'ōleloʻia e pili ana i nā bipi-inseminators, ka mea hiki ke hele aku ma luna o 1000 kilokalo.
Akā, no ka hana paʻaʻana o nā bipi, kā lākou mālamaʻana a me ka hānaiʻanaʻaʻole e paʻakikī a maʻalahi hoʻi i nā kālā. Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻolohe i ka manaʻo o ka holoholona, ka mea i kāohiʻia e pili i nā mea nona nā mea.
Nāʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻonaʻano o ka mea o ka pua
ʻO ka mea nui o kēiaʻano hānai o nā bipi a kekahi kekahi o nā kumuhana e hiki ai ke hoʻomaopopoʻia mai nāʻohana a pau. He nui ka nui, e hiki ai iāʻoe ke hōʻiliʻili i ka waiū nui a hiki i ka amoʻana i mua o ka manawa o ka milikū. He helehelena keʻano, no lailaʻaʻole ia e pale i ka bipi mai ka neʻeʻana a piha i ka piha, a hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻokokoke i ka holoholona i ka wā o kaʻili.
Akāʻo ka hiʻohiʻona nui loa o kahi hānai hānaiʻo Yaroslavl, kahi kahi o nā nipples. Ma waho aʻe o ka loiloi o ka maʻalahi o ka mīkini, e waihoʻia ana ma kahi ākea e hiki ai i kekahi i kekahi. Ma ka manawa like,ʻoi aku ka mamao ma waena o nā lālani o mua i mua o ka mamao ma waena o nāʻaoʻao hope. Eia kekahi,ʻo ke kāhua o kaʻala. ʻO keʻano kēia ma hope o kaʻiliʻana, nui ka manawa i liʻiliʻi i ka nui, lilo ia i meaʻoluʻolu a palupalu. I ka hope, ua hoʻohuiʻia nāʻili liʻiliʻi o kaʻili, a he wahi mālama kai.
He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi e heluhelu e pili ana i nāʻano momona o nā bipi.
ʻO kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi o ka hana waiū o nā bipi he mea hōʻailona e like me ka helu hua. Hōʻikeʻo ia i keʻano o ka lakio o ka nui o ka waiū, e hāʻawi ana i ka bipi, i ka hua o nāʻaoʻao mua o ka mā.
Hōʻikeʻia kēia'ilikala i ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i nā wahi a pau o ka mākau, a ma ia mea e hiki ai ke'ōlelo e pili ana i ka ulu a me ka olakino o nā kānaka pipi. No kēiaʻohana,ʻo kēia helu he 40-44%, e hōʻike ana piʻi nui loa kona mau lālā.
Pono ia e hoʻomaopopoʻia i ka lahilahi o kaʻili o kaʻona o ka wera o Yaroslavl, a me ke kīnāʻoleʻana i ka momona. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻiʻia nā uaina o ka mea kanu. Ma kēiaʻano, pono e mālama pono a nānā ponoʻia nāʻelele o ka lālā, e hiki ai ke loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi ma keʻano o ka hana waiū.
He aha nā mea nui o kaʻohana Yaroslavl?
ʻO keʻano maoli,ʻo ka maikaʻi nui o nā bipi lawaiʻa he mea hōʻike wale nō ia no ka hanaʻana i ka waiū. Akā, e kamaʻilio iki kākou no ia mea, akā maanei,ʻike mākou i ka momona momona o ka waiū,ʻo ia hoʻi he 4.4% (he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o 6.1%).
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo i ka awelika ka helu momona no kēlā me kēiaʻano mea momona aia ma ke anuu o 3.7%, a laila e manaʻo nuiʻia kēia hopena. He mea kūpono hoʻi ka nānāʻana i kaʻoiaʻiʻo o ka waiu momona,ʻo kaʻoi aku o ka kiʻekiʻe loa aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi no ka hana hou.
ʻAʻole ka hapa iki o nā hiʻohiʻona o ka palekana o kēia mau holoholona, hiki iā lākou ke hakakā i nā maʻi likeʻole e ulu mau ana nā bipi. Aʻo ka mea nui loa,ʻo ka bipiʻo Yaroslavl ka mea kūpaʻa loa i ka maʻi leukemia o nā pipi.
ʻO kēia maʻi i hiki ke loli ikiʻia mai nā holoholona a me nā holoholona a i kēia mau lā,ʻaʻohe ala e hana ai. Me ka hōʻehaʻana o kā lākou mau holoholona i ka hopena o ka hanaʻana i ka waiū.
Akā, i keʻano o ka maʻi o kekahi luna mai kaʻohana bipi i haʻiʻia, hikiʻole paha ke hoʻounaʻia aku ka leucosis i nā poʻe'ē aʻe, akā naʻe e pono e mālamaʻia nā mālama kūpono.
Nui nui kēia ʻohana no ka mea i hoʻohana nuiʻia i ka hānauʻana. ʻO keʻano, he kūpono kona kūpono e hoʻololi i nāʻano lawaiʻa, he bet e hanaʻia e nāʻepekema.
He mea liʻiliʻi e pili ana i nā pōʻino i kūpono i kaʻano i hōʻikeʻia
Ma waena o nā hemahema o kaʻohana Yaroslavl, hiki ke kapaʻia he hapa wale nō i ko lākou kino. I kekahiʻano, he'ōmaʻa loa ka'ōpū, me nā mumupena i hoʻomohalaʻia. Eia kekahi, he pū'ā nui loa lākou me kahi'āpana pilikū a me keʻano o ka uhi. Ma ka hanaʻana i ka meaʻai, he mau hōʻailona maikaʻiʻole kēia.
Akāʻo ka hapa nui o nā pilikia e hāʻawi i nā holoholona a me ko lākou mau mea he mauwaliwali nā lālā. Me ka'elihi liʻiliʻi,ʻo ke kumu kēia o ka wāwahiʻana i nā pā a me nā dislocations, no laila, he mea nui e hoʻokō i ka'āpana i hoʻohālikeʻia no nā bipi a me ka hoʻoneʻeʻana i nā wahi me ke kōkua paʻakikī mai ia mea.
Eia kekahi, i ka mālamaʻana a me ka hoʻouluʻana i ka manawa Yaroslavl, ponoʻoe e mākaukau no kaʻikeʻana i ka manawa ma hope o ke kaniʻana hāʻule pinepine nā bipi i ko lākou mau wāwae mua ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kū ma luna o lākou no kekahi manawa.
Ua kaulana kaʻohana Yaroslavl no ka uluhuaʻana: i nā mea a pau
Hiki i ka wai a me nā kumu nui o ka waiū i huaʻia
ʻO ka hanaʻana i ka waiū o nā bipi a Yaroslavl, he mea maʻalahi ia, no ka mea, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ka huaʻana o ka waiū ma waena o 2,700 a 3,500 kilokani o ka waiū i ka manawa mua o ka lactation.
I kēia mua aku E piʻi wale nō ka hua, a me ka mālama pono, a me ka mālama pono, a me ka hānaiʻana i kaʻai, hiki ke hoʻonui i kā lākou hana i 5000-5500 kilokalo, kahi 11.590 kilokani ka waiū.
Akā, mai kānalua kākou,ʻo ka hopena maikaʻi loa kēia o ka hana waiū o nā bipi. I kēia lā, ua uluʻia nāʻano puaʻa mai nā haole mai,ʻo ka uluʻana o nā waiū iʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka mea i hōʻikeʻia.
Hoʻokomo nā kau bipi i nā kūlana ma kaʻoihana maikaʻi loa o nāʻano lawaiʻa ma muli wale nō o nā mea maikaʻi o ka waiū a me nā mea waiwai.
Eia kekahi, heʻano maikaʻi loa, kahi o kā mākou i'ōlelo mua ai - ka waiu momona. Ma waho aʻe o nā momona, aia ka nui o ka protein,ʻo ka hapene o ka mea i piʻi i 3.5-3.7.
ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i kaʻohana o Yaroslavl o nā bipi: he aha kaʻano o ka pipi e loaʻa iāʻoe me ka momona maikaʻi?
Ua maopopo i ka weheweheʻana o ka mea i hōʻikeʻia i ka waiū, inā hānauʻia kahi bipi, i ka wā e hiki mai ana ua'āponoʻia no ka luku, a ma kahi'ōpiopio.
ʻOiai keʻano o ka nuiʻana o ka uluʻana o ka momona o kēia mau bipi i ka waiwaiʻole, no ka nui o ka holoholona,ʻo ka nui o nā meaʻai i huaʻia ma muli o ka hopena e hopena i 55 ka 62% ka hua.
Inā mākou e noʻonoʻo, i ke kaulike,ʻo ke kaumaha o nā bipi he 450-550 kilokalo, aʻo ka kaumaha o nā bipi mai 700 a 1200 (ʻo ka mea maʻamau, he nui ka helu bipi i kēlā me kēia helu nui), a laila He kiʻekiʻe loa ka lālā hana.
Ma ka hānauʻana,ʻo ka kaumaha o nā keiki bipi he 28-32 kilokalo wale nō, akā, ulu koke lākou i ka ikaika,ʻoiai, inā ma mua o nā mahinaʻeono mua, ua hānaiʻia nā keiki bipi // // 100 a me kaʻawelike o ka waiwai o kēlā me kēia lā no nā bipi a me nā heifers:
- Ua hala ma mua o 6 mau mahina o ka momona me ka waiū o ka makuahine, ua ulu ka bipi wahine i 160-170 kilokani, a me nā mahina he 18 - a hiki i 350-380 kilo. ʻO ka piʻiʻana o kaʻawelike i kēlā me kēia lā, he 700-750 grams.
- Inā hoʻokomoʻoe i ka momona nui, a laila ma ka makahiki o ka makahiki 1 ke kaumaha o ka bipi e hiki pinepine i 800-900 kilokika. ʻAʻole i emi ka waihona waiwai ma mua o 800 mau kala i ka lā.
I ka manawa hoʻokahi, i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka waihoʻana i nā momona o nā'ōpiopio i ka momona, e waihoʻia i ka momona, kahi e'āponoʻia ai nā bipi i ka makahiki 1. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, mai nā'ōpiopio o kaʻohana Yaroslavl hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i nā meaʻai maikaʻi a me nā pipi momona.
I ka wā eʻaeʻia nā kau pipi i kaʻai i ka wāʻelemakule,ʻaʻole e like ka nui o kā lākou meaʻai.
