ʻAno o kaʻono a me ka hauʻoli no kaʻuhane: Ka mō'ī waina

I ka manawa ma waena o nā māla, ua ulu nui ka helu o ka poʻe i hana i ka māla waina ma ko lākou kua.

I kēia mau lā, ua mālamaʻia nāʻanoʻono o kēia mea kanu, aʻo kekahi o nā momi o ka hōʻiliʻili hou o nā mea inu waina,ʻo ia hoʻiʻo Monarch, i kapaʻiaʻo Pavlovsky, no ka mahaloʻana i ka mea nāna i hana.

He aha iaʻano?

ʻO kēiaʻano keʻano kaʻaina keʻokeʻo nā hua waina e manaʻoʻia ana no ka hōʻiliʻili houʻana. A i ka manawa like, uaʻikeʻia e konaʻano lahilahi aʻeleʻele, kahi iʻikeʻoleʻia i ka wā eʻai ana i kaʻiʻoʻono a me kaʻala.

ʻO nāʻano keʻokeʻo pū kekahi me Lancelot, Bianca, Delight White.

Eia kekahi,ʻo kēia hua waina ka mea e hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa i nā waina maikaʻi me kaʻoluʻolu maikaʻi, piha i nā hua a me nā mea kanu a me nā mea kani i keʻono a me kaʻala.

ʻO ka māla waina: ka wehewehe o kaʻano

• ʻO ka waina.

ʻO ka māla wainaʻo Monarch ikaika kanu ke kiʻekiʻe 250 - 300 knm a noho me nā'ōpiopio'ōpiopio a hiki i 120 - 135 cm ka lōʻihi.

• Nā Bunches.

Hoʻopiliʻia nā wili'ōpiopio me nā pūpū nui a me ka nani o nāʻano conical, a me keʻanoʻeleʻele, keʻano o ka'āpana, ke kaumaha mai ka 0,5 i luna 1 kg,ʻaʻohe kānalua e hiki.

• Berries.

He nui ka hua, oval a ovoid paha, e like me 36x26 mm, e kau ana 15 - 19 grʻO kekahi o lākou e hiki a 32 gr. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo he'ōmaʻomaʻo wale nō, akā, no ka mea, ua lilo ka amber-kōmaʻomaʻa, i kekahi manawa me nā paleʻeleʻele mai kaʻaoʻao o ka lā o ka lā. ʻO nā hua liʻiliʻi - he 2-3 mau'āpana wale nō.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

Hiki ke nānāʻia nā hiʻohiʻona a me nāʻano o ka mō'ī Māla waina ma ka kiʻi ma lalo nei:

ʻO ka moʻokūʻauhau a me ka waeʻana

Hoʻoi'ēʻo ia i kona helehelena i kahi kahu hānai'ōlena. E.G. Pavlovsky mai ka Mokupuniʻo Krasnodar, ka mea ma ka waenakonu o nā kenekulia i hala i ka hoʻouluʻana i nāʻanoʻano hou o nāʻano waina o ka waina.

ʻO ka papa hana no ka loaʻaʻana o ka "mō'ī" heʻelua papa. I ka manawa mua, ua kāpiliʻia nā kāinalinalinalinal me kahi hui o ka pollen mai nāʻano kumu waina. A laila, ua mālamaʻia ka hopena o ka heleʻana i loaʻa me ka poluʻulu o Talisman (Kesha).

E.G. Pavlovsky ʻO ia ka mea iʻoi aku iʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mauʻano o nāʻano hua wainaʻano nui, e like me ka Mō'ī,ʻo Ayut Pavlovsky, Super Extra. No kāna hana, uaʻikeʻo ia i nāʻano āpau o nā pale āmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo no ka uluʻana i nā mea nui a no nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi.

I kēia manawa, ua ulu neiʻo Evgeny Pavlovsky i nāʻano hoʻolaha hou. Ma lalo o ke kauoha kaʻoi aʻe o nā hua waina ma mua oʻelua tausani. ʻAʻoleʻikeʻia kāna mau hana ma Rusia a me nā'āina CIS wale nō, akā ma kahi'ē aku.

Nāʻano

ʻO keʻano "Mō'ī" keʻano o nāʻano maikaʻi loa, mahaloʻia i loaʻa ai ka mahalo kūikawāʻia e nā poʻe waina.

Nā pōmaikaʻi

• ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe ola ola me he mau lālā'ōpuʻu, ai ka wā e kālaiʻia ai i ke kumukūʻai.
• Ke kū'ē i Frost.. ʻO ke kanu, kahi kūpono kūpono no ka hoʻoilo, hiki ke pale i kahi emi o ka mahana - 23-25 ​​ºС.
• He mea maikaʻi loa. ʻO ka momona, nā momona a me kaʻiʻo me ka meaʻono o nā mele e waihoʻole i kekahi mea'ē aʻe.
• Nā hua kiʻekiʻe. No ka nui o nā hua nui o ka nui like a me ka pūpū momona nui, i nā makahiki maikaʻi hiki iāʻoe ke loaʻa iʻoi aku i ka 7 kilo nā hua waina.
• He kūlana maikaʻi loa i nā maʻi a me nā mea hōʻemi nui, e like me makai, 'ākala hina a oidium.
• Wā pōkole.

  Aia nā māla waina ma luna o nāʻano hua waina me ka uluʻana o ka manawa maʻamau:ʻaʻole hiki i nā lā 130 ke hala mai ka hoʻonohonohoʻana o nā'ōpiopio i ka pihaʻana o nā hua. Eia kekahi, inā i loko o ka hema o ko mākou'āina, uaʻona maikaʻi ka huaʻawaʻawa maikaʻi i ka makahiki mua oʻAukake, a ma waena o ke ala waena e hana ia i ka waena o Kepakemapa.

• ʻOka maikaʻi loa ka hiki. He ikaika loa ka hua waina, ua pili pono nā hua i ka palahū a pale i ka laweʻana me kaʻole o nā pilikia, me ka liloʻole o ka hōʻike.

ʻO nāʻano likeʻole me ka uluʻana o ka wā kahiko e komo pū ana: Buffalo, Lancelot a me Paraʻo.

Nā mea kūponoʻole

ʻAi paha paha hoʻokahi pahuhopu wale nō ka hoʻomaopopoʻana hoʻokahe nā mea nui.

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha

Me ke kūpaʻa nui loa i ka nui o nā maʻi o ka hua waina, aia kekahi mau hihia kūlohelohe o nā pilikia e hiki mai ana.

1. ʻO Anthracnose.

   ʻO ka kumu o kēia maʻi he haʻalulu. Gloeosporium ampellinum. ʻOi. ʻO ka mea mua, pili i nā lau, kahi eʻike ai nā'āpana'āmahina hina, e hoʻonui ana i ka nui a hiki i ka paleʻana o ka lauoho lau.

   Hiki ke paʻiʻia ka kumu waina:ʻo ka mua, nā'āpanaʻeleʻele i kauʻia ma laila, a laila e komo i lalo i loko o ka piko o ke kolo. Ma ka liʻuliʻu, loaʻa i nā'epau kekahi pale o ke keleʻeleʻele me kahi'ōpiopioʻulaʻula ma kaʻaoʻao o kaʻaoʻao, a pinepine i ka hopena i ka waina maikaʻi.

   I kahiʻoi o ka maʻi, ua hoʻopiliʻia ka hua, nāʻano palaho, paʻa ka pono o ko lākouʻili, nāhaehae nā lua, e hōʻike ana i nāʻanoʻano.

   E hoʻolohe. I mea e pale ai i ke kūpono o ka hoʻomohalaʻana i kēlā maʻiʻeha weliweli, pono e mālamaʻia i kāna hana ma nā mea kanu.

   Ma keʻano he mea pale, ua hōʻikeʻia nā hopena maikaʻi e nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Bordeaux Liquid, "Horus" a "Ridomil".

   Hanaʻia ka mālamaʻana i ka lāʻau fungicidal i ke kakahiaka a me ke ahiahi me ka makani ole. Eia kekahi, maiʻae i ka mea nāna e hoʻoponopono i nā mea kanu i nā mea kanu.

   Inā loaʻa ka maʻi, hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā meaʻai microbiological me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe, ma kahi "Mikosan" a "Gaupsin"i ka manawa like me ka hopena maikaʻi i ka uluʻana o ke kumu waina. ʻO nā lāʻau'alahi a me nā mea i haoʻia me ke keleawe: "Kaomi", "ʻO Abigaile Peak" a "Poliram". Laweʻia ka mālamaʻana ma ka loaʻaʻana o nā wili'ōpiopio o ka lōʻihi o ke kūkeluma 10-15 cm.

2. Phylloxera.

   ʻO ka mea nāna e hoʻopuka i kēia maʻi, he'ōpoki'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo-'ōmaʻomaʻo, kahi iʻikeʻoleʻia e ka nānāʻana. Aia kekahi aʻa a me ka lau (gallic).

   No ka hakakāʻana i ka mea kahiko, hoʻohanaʻia nāʻano lūlū,ʻoiaiʻaʻole i hoʻohanaʻia kēiaʻano hana hou i kēia manawa, no ka mea e hoʻokumuʻia ana ka ululāʻau.

   E hoʻolohe. Ma keʻanoʻano kūlohelohe e pili ana i ka phylloxera ma ka mahiʻana i nā hua waina e hoʻohana i nā lepo one one e makemakeʻole ai ka aphids. Ma nāʻano'āina, e ulu nani nāʻano'oina a pau o'Elepa,ʻoiai inā e mahiʻia nā mea kanu i waenakonu o ka hoʻolahaʻiaʻana o kēia pulu.

   No ka hoʻopauʻiaʻana o ka pepa pepa, e'ōpala i ka hapa o ka mea kanu. "Aktellikom", Zolon, "Hōʻoia", Mitacom a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau pokepoi'ē aʻe, i hoʻohanaʻia e like me nā kuhikuhi. Hoʻohālikelikeʻia ka hanaʻana iʻekolu manawa:ʻo ka manawa mua keʻikeʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi 1 - 2 ma nā wana,ʻo ka lua - inā he 12 - 14, aʻo ke kolu - me nā lā he 18 - 22.



3. Nā manu

   I ka uluʻana o nā huhui o nā mea kanu, ua lilo pinepine nā manu i mau malihini i ka māla waina eʻahaʻaina i nā huaʻono. No ka pale e pili ana i nā manu, e kauʻia ana kekahi mau mea e hoʻonaninani a'ālohilohi i nā mea: nā pūʻali mai kahi pahu mele, CD, nā mea pāʻani keʻokeʻo, me ka māmā maikaʻi, akā i ka manawa lōʻihi e ho'ēmi ana ko lākou pono.

   ʻO keʻano ponoʻoi aku ka mechanical, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i nāʻiliahi waina me nā upena polypropylene me kahi keʻena liʻiliʻi. I kēia mau lā, ua ulu mai nā mea hoʻoweliweli i keʻano, no ka mea, "Kite-8" a VK-20.

No nā maʻiʻaina maʻamau e like me chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella a me ka maʻi maʻi bacteria, hiki iāʻoe ke heluhelu i nā mea pono o kā mākou pūnaewele.

Kiʻekiʻe nā hiʻohiʻonaʻokoʻa, palekana i nā mea maʻi a me nā maʻi, ke kūpikipiki aʻo kahi mahiʻai mahiʻai maʻalahi i hana i ka mō'ī nui i ka mea e pono ai i ka māla o kēlā me kēia mea nāna e hoʻopuka.

I nāʻano ākea kūoho e hoʻokomo i ka Super Extra, Arched a Beauty of the North.