Inoa keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo i loaʻa mai mai ka wā kahiko. A laila, hoʻomaloʻo ka poʻe i nā hamo. ʻO ka pulp o ka pūʻai keʻokeʻo ua hoʻomauʻia i keʻokeʻo i keʻokeʻo ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe aiʻole ka wela wela ʻO kēia ke kumu o kēia inoa. ʻO ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo nō ia i ka genus Boletus, no laila ka inoaʻelua o ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo ka boletus.
He mea nui! Ma hope o kaʻohiʻana i nā haohao, pono pono e hoʻomaka koke i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, no ka mea, ua'ānai koke nā pūlaʻi keʻokeʻo i nā'āpana waiwai maikaʻi loa. Eia kekahi laʻana, ma hope o 10 mau hola, aia i loko o ka mushroom ka hapalua o nā melaki a me nā pae.
E noʻonoʻo i kaʻano o ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo a me kā lākou hōʻike. ʻO lākou a pau e pili ana i nā pūpūʻai o ka māhele mua a heʻano like.
ʻO ka mea ulaʻula (spruce) (Boletus edulis)
E pili ana i keʻano maʻamau a loaʻa kahiʻano like. ʻO ke poʻoleʻa heʻeleʻele a heʻulaʻula paha i ke kala o 7-30 cm. He mālie a hoʻomelehua kona ili aʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai ka pulp.
ʻO keʻano o ka wāwae o ka pīpī ka hohonu i ka lalo, hiki i ke kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o 12 knm a manaʻoʻia he kiʻekiʻe ma kēiaʻanoʻano hapiʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO kaʻili o ka wāwae ua uhiʻia i kahi kaula a he lole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo. He palupalu kaʻono, he palupalu kaʻala a hoʻonuiʻia ka mea ma ka hanaʻana a me ka maloʻo. Ma lalo o ke pole he'ōpae kūmahe 1-4 cm ka laulā, kahi hiki ke kaʻawaleʻia mai ka pulp a heʻanoʻeleʻele kona.
ʻO ka pulp o ka pūʻali he keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo aʻaʻole e loli keʻano i ka wāwahi. Hiki keʻikeʻia kēiaʻano ma nā ululāʻau a me nā kau lāʻau ma nā wahi nui o Eurasia, koe wale nōʻo Iceland, ma nā kāʻei holoʻokoʻa, koe wale nōʻo Australia. ʻO nā hua like a me nā mea like. Hāʻawiʻia ka mycorrzaza me nā kumulāʻau a me nā lāʻau coniferous.
Hōʻike pinepineʻia me nā'ōmaʻomaʻo russula a me nā mele chantlelles. Makemakeʻo ia i nā ululāʻau kahiko me ka moa a me ka lapalapa. ʻO nā kūlana kūpono kūpono no ka'ōhumu o nā hauhi maʻemaʻe ke nānāʻia he mau hekili'ākīkī me nā pō mahana a me ka pua. Kōleʻaʻo ia i nā one one, one one a me nā lepo momona a me nā wahi wela. Hoʻopiʻia kaʻohiʻana i ka mahinaʻo Iune -ʻOkakopa.
ʻO nā meaʻai kūpono o ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa. Hoʻohanaʻia i ka'ōmole, ka mea iʻaila, a maloʻo maloʻo. Ma kaʻona o nā meaʻai a me nā'ōmoku o nā'eneka keʻokeʻoʻaʻoleʻoi aʻe ma mua o nāʻanoʻano'ē aʻe, akā, he mea hoʻonā ikaika ia o ka'ūmū.
Ua hōʻoia nā kānakaʻepekema he paʻakikī ke olonā keʻokeʻo e paʻi i ke kino no ka hikiʻana mai o ka chitin, akā ma hope o ka hoʻomaloʻoʻana, lilo ia iʻoi aku ka maikaʻi (80%). No nāʻano olakino, hoʻohanaʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e ka anti-tumor, nā'āpana hoʻonāʻano hopena o nā kinaki.
Piʻi ulaʻula mushroom (Boletus pinophilus)
ʻO kēiaʻano e like me ka wehewehe nui o ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo, akā e like me nāʻano.. ʻO ka pāpale he 8-25 cm ke anawaena, heʻulaʻula-ʻeleʻele i loko o kaʻaʻahu me kahi hue mele, akā he'āpana liʻiliʻi ma ka lihi. Ma lalo o kaʻili o ka pāpale, heʻulaʻula ke kino. ʻO ka liʻiliʻi a he mānoanoa, 7-16 knm ke kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka māmā o kona kala ma mua o ka pāpale, akā ua uhiʻia me kahiʻeleʻele lahilahiʻeleʻele. ʻO ke kinui kūikawā he 2 cm ka liʻiliʻi ākea. Aia kahi'ōpala mua o ka'ōleʻaʻulu pine. Hoʻopiʻiʻia i loko o nā'enema māmā o ka pāpale a me ka pulp ma lalo o ia. Hōʻikeʻia i ka hopena o ke kau.
ʻO kēiaʻano me ka mycorrhiza pinepine pinepineʻia me ka pine. Kōleʻaʻo ia i nā lepo one a ulu nui a iʻole i nā'āpana liʻiliʻi. Hāʻawiʻia ka'ōniu keʻokeʻo pinepine ma Europa, Central America, ma ka moku'Elepa o Rusia. Hōʻiliʻiliʻia kaʻohiʻaiʻana mai Iune aʻOkakopa.
Pākī manuahi (Boletus betulicola)
I kekahi manawa ma nā wahi o Russia ua kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo ka kolosovik no kaʻikeʻana o ka rai i ka wā o ka pepeiao. ʻO kēia'ōpili he'ōmaʻomaʻa'ōmaʻomaʻa māmā,ʻo ka nui o ia mea he 5-15 cm ke anawaena. ʻAʻole e loli kaʻiʻo i ka haʻi, akā,ʻaʻohe mea eʻono. ʻO ka'āpana keʻano o keʻano o Belrel, he'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo me kaʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo. ʻO kahi pale pai o ka malu malū a hiki i ka 2.5 knm ka laulā. Birch boletus ke kāpili mycorrhiza me ka birch. Hoʻopiʻi pākahi a iʻole nā hui. Makemakeʻo ia e ulu ma nāʻaoʻao a iʻole ma nā alanui. Loaʻa ia ma Western Europe, a ma Rusia - ma ka moku Murmansk, Siberia, a ma ka Hikina hikina. Hōʻiliʻiliʻia kaʻohiʻaiʻana mai Iune aʻOkakopa.
Keʻike neiʻoe? ʻO ka uluʻana o ka hakinaʻeleʻele ke mālamaʻia noʻeiwa mau lā, akā aia kekahi mauʻano e ulu nei i nā lā he 15.
ʻO ka pōʻeleʻele o ka pōʻeleʻele o ka pouli (Boletus aereus)
I kekahi manawa, ua kapaʻia kēiaʻano he'okena keleawe a me ka mea momona porcini. ʻO ke poʻoleʻa he kino, e like me keʻano o keʻano, a hiki i ke anawaena o 7-17 cm. He maʻemaʻe paha kaʻili a iʻole nā'āpana liʻiliʻi,ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, kokoke iʻeleʻele. He keʻokeʻo kaʻiʻo, heʻono maikaʻi a heʻalaʻala, ke haʻiʻia, a pōʻeleʻele. He lahilahi ka wāwae, ka nui, kaʻulaʻula i ke kala me kahi mesh. ʻO kaʻili kōmaʻomaʻo he hāmaʻomaʻu uliuli a me ka laulā up to 2 knm, akā i kaomiʻia ua lilo ia iʻanoʻoliva. Māheleʻia kēiaʻano i nā kumulāʻau lau nahele me ka mahana wela. ʻO ka hapanui iʻike pinepineʻia ma Western a meʻEuʻEulopa, Suède,ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO ka huaʻai hua mai ka mahinaʻo Iulai a hiki iʻOkakopa, akāʻikeʻia ia ma'Awelika i Mei a me Iune. Aia i loko o nā Palapala Hemolele o Ukraine, Montenegro, Norway, Denmark, Moldova.
ʻO ka meaʻono ke mahaloʻia e nā gourmets ma mua aʻe o ka lole ula mushroom. He mau hōʻailona'ē aʻe like konaʻano me kahiʻano mushroom Polish (Xerocomus badius), nona kaʻuli a heʻulaʻula aʻaʻohe mea e pili ana i ka wāwae. Loaʻaʻia i loko o nā ululāʻau'āpana a me nā ulu lāʻau i hanaʻia he hapalua keʻokeʻo keleawe keʻokeʻo (Boletus subaereus), heʻano māmā konaʻano.
ʻO Boletus reticulatus, Boletus aestivalis
ʻO kaʻupena pūnaeʻo keʻokeʻo heʻano likeʻole ia mai ka'ōkuhi hoʻokahi ma kahi'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo o ke pāpale a me ka mīkiniʻoi aʻe i haʻiʻia ma ka wāwae. Ua manaʻoʻia heʻano mua loa o nāʻano hapi keʻokeʻo. ʻO ke poʻoleka ua hiki i ke anawaena o 6-30 cm a he kapuaʻu keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka pulp he keʻokeʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo, ma lalo o nā'ōkoʻomaʻo he'ōniʻonilena. He pōkole ke kohu, keʻokeʻo, keʻano kalapuni, ke'ōmaʻomaʻo i kaʻoni a he likeʻole ia mai nāʻano'ē aʻe ma mua o kahi alohi nui. He mea'alaʻolu keʻohuʻo keʻokeʻo me ka meaʻono.
ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo o ka'ōwili kōpae he 3.5 knm.ʻO konaʻoni mai keʻano keʻokeʻo i ka'ōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO keʻano o kēiaʻano,ʻo ia ka heleʻana o nā māwae ma kaʻili o nā haohao kahiko. ʻO kēiaʻano keʻano me mycorrhiza me ka beech, kaʻoka, ka'ailala, ka pūkoi a ulu ma nāʻaoʻao ma kahi maloʻo maloʻo.
ʻAʻole iʻeleʻele i kaʻehaʻia e nā'ōpala. Nui ma Europe,ʻAkau'Ākau,'Ākau Hema. Hoʻopiʻia kaʻohiʻaiʻana mai Mei aʻOkakopa. ʻOi aku ka pāʻani keʻokeʻo likeʻole me ka birch, he kila māmā a me kaʻupena pōkole.
'Alaʻula'olaʻula (Boletus quercicola)
ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka'ōniu o ke keʻokeʻo maikaʻi, he pāpale pōleʻele me kahi oho hina. Uaʻoi aku kaʻeleʻele o kaʻili ma mua o kaʻano o ka birch. ʻOi keʻano o kaʻiʻo ma mua o nāʻano'ē aʻe. Hoʻonui ia i ka Caucasus, ma Primorsky Krai. Mālamaʻia kaʻohiʻana i ka mahinaʻo Iune-ʻOkakopa. Kūleʻa nui ia,ʻaʻole ia heʻano no nā haohao keʻokeʻo.
He mea nui! Keʻano like loa me ka mushroom keʻokeʻo - ka mushroom gall. He mea kūpono ia no konaʻawaʻawa. ʻO kāna mauʻokoʻa ma mua o ka haʻalulu keʻokeʻo,ʻo ia keʻano o ka'ūpoki kōkuʻomaʻu pinepine a me kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o ka manamana ma ka wāwae.
ʻO kahi mushroomʻeleʻele-ʻeleʻele (Boletus impolius)
ʻO ka naluʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo me kaʻano o boletus a hiki ke kapaʻia he boletus jaune. ʻO ke poʻoleka ua hōʻea i ke anawaena o 5-15 cm me kahi'iliʻoluʻolu o kaʻulaʻula'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo. ʻO ka pulp o ka pūʻani he nani, he'ōmaʻomaʻu'ōmaʻomaʻo. He meaʻono keʻono, a hoʻomanaʻo keʻala i ka waikawa carbolic.
ʻO ka wāwae ka mānoanoa, ka'ōwili keʻano, a hiki i ka 15 knm kiʻekiʻe, heʻula. Kele nei ka'ōpana'ōpili i ka wāwae, akā, heʻeleʻele kaʻili. ʻO ka'ōpili pūʻia e piʻi i ka'ūmene 3cm. Kū i nā lāʻauʻoka, ka hulu, nā ululāʻau momona a makemake i nā lepo lepo lepo. ʻO ka boletus bootyʻo nā haohao pinepine a he mea maʻamau ia ma Polesie, Carpathian, ma ka piko a me kaʻaoʻao hema o'Epana o Rusia. Hoʻopauʻia ka mahinaʻai mai Mei a hiki i ka lā.
Ma kekahi mau kumu, no kaʻalani maʻamau i ho'ākākaʻia e like me ka haʻuki maʻamau. ʻAʻole i kaʻoi aku ka emi ma lalo o ka mele mele keʻokeʻo. Ma hope o ka maloʻo a me kaʻalaʻana o keʻala e aneane loa e nalo. Ma nā hōʻailona o waho e nānā like ia me ke kaikamahine boletus, akā e like me keʻanoʻokoʻa aʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻololi i ke kala o ka pulp i ka haʻi.
Keʻena Boletus (Boletus appendiculatus)
Ke nānā aku neiʻo ia i ka weheweheʻana me kahi melemele'ōmaʻomaʻa, akā he'alaʻolu, aʻo kaʻiʻo i ka hulu hākiʻoni. ʻO ka pāpale i ke anawaena he 8-20 cm, heʻano gula konaʻulaʻula aʻulaʻula paha. ʻO ka'ōpena o ka puaʻa he kōmaʻomaʻo, me kaʻuli uliuli. He lahilahi ka wāwae, ua kūiki i ka kumu a ulu i 7-15 knm ke kiʻekiʻe. He māmā kapu kona a ua uhiʻia me ka'emele lahilahi. ʻO ka'ōpili pa'ūpiʻi ua like ia i ka 2.5 knm ka mīkini, i kaʻulaʻula'ōmaʻomaʻo i kaʻula a me ka polū i ka wā i paʻiʻia Hoʻopiʻiʻo Borovik i ka mycorrhiza me nā lāʻau kūkeke a ulu aʻe ma ka'ākau oʻEulopa. Hāpaiʻia kaʻohiʻana i ke kauwela.
ʻO Borovik Royal (Boletus regius)
ʻO ke Aliʻi Royal Borovik heʻano likeʻole ia me nāʻano'ōpiopio'ōmaʻomaʻo-ʻeleʻele a me ka'ūhā kōmaʻomaʻa māmā me ka'ōmole lahilahi ma kaʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ke poʻoleka ua hiki i ke anawaena o 6-15 cm a he maʻi keʻokeʻo, akā i kekahi manawa ua uhiʻiaʻo ia i nā wāwae mīkini. ʻO ka'ōpī o ka pūʻani heʻeleʻele, he melemele i kaʻoni, me kaʻuli o kaʻulaʻula. He mea ala a hoʻonani ka mushroom. ʻO ka lahilahi o ka lahilahi he 5-15 cm ka lōʻihi.
Hoʻouluʻia ke kuhula ulu keʻokeʻo i ka nahele ulu. Makemake i kahi one one a me kahi lepo. Loaʻa ia ma ka Caucasus, ka Hikina hikina. ʻO ka manawa o ka huaʻaiʻo Iulai - Kepakemapa. He maikaʻi maikaʻi ka mushroom a hoʻohanaʻia i loko o keʻanoʻokoʻa a momona paha.
Keʻike neiʻoe? Ma Ukraine, ma ka moku Ivano-Frankivsk, ma kahi kokoke i ke kauhaleʻo Verkhniy Maidan, ua hōʻiliʻiliʻia he 118 mau'āhiʻi'ōpopo keʻokeʻo i 16 mau mika. Ua loaʻa kahiʻehu keʻokeʻo he 6.75 kilokū ma Rusia kokoke i Vladimir i ka makahiki 1964.
ʻO White mushroom ka mea kaulana loa a punahele no kēlā me kēia mea meaʻai. Hiki keʻikeʻia kona kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma nāʻano nui a ma kaʻono maikaʻi a me nāʻano pono. Ke hōʻiliʻili i nā hamo, mai hoʻopoina wale i ke kulekele o ka mea kānana: ināʻaʻoleʻoe e maopopo i kahi pūʻano maʻamau, hoʻolei aku,ʻaʻole e loaʻa i kahi kūlana!
