ʻO nā'ōmaʻomaʻo kūpono o ka poʻeʻoihana "Irishka F1": ho'ākāka o kaʻano a me nāʻano nui

Ma waena o ka nui o nāʻano likeʻole e kū ana i waho o kekahi o nā'ōpili hou. Kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo'Isekikaka, a heʻano maikaʻi loa kona,ʻo ka maikaʻi maikaʻi a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana i nā hua.

ʻO kēia mauʻano iʻaeʻia ka'ōmato e lanakila ma waena o nā mea kanu.

Ma loko o kā mākouʻatikala e hāʻawi mākou iāʻoe i keʻano piha o kaʻano,ʻike iāʻoe i nāʻano a me nāʻano o ka mahiʻai, e haʻi iāʻoe no ke kū'ēʻana i nā maʻi.

'Oiho "Irishka F1": ho'ākāka o kaʻano

Hanaʻia i loko o ka Institute of Melon and Vegetables UAAS ma Kharkov. Hoʻolahaʻia ka papa inoa'āina no ka mahiʻaiʻana ma ka'ākau o Central a me ka'āpanaʻo Caucasus.

ʻO Irishka heʻanoʻano likeʻole o Fato. He kumu hoʻohālikeʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe. E heluheluʻia nā papa helu ma waena. Ke piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe i 60-80 cm. ʻO ke kūkuluʻiaʻana o ka'ahuʻula mua loa ma kahi o 5 a 6 paha lau.

ʻO ka'ōmikoʻoʻoleʻaʻo Irishka e pili ana i ka'ōpiopioʻana, e hoʻomaka ana ka hua e ulu i nā lā 80-90 mai ka manawa o ka pukaʻana. Hiki ke uluʻia nā tumato o kēiaʻano likeʻole ma ka lepo ākea a ma nā greenhouses, ma lalo o nā kiʻiʻeleʻele a me ka polycarbonate greenhouses.

ʻO ka'ōpiopio he kūʻokoʻa loa ia i ka hopena mosaic a me ka microsporosis.

E heluhelu pū i kā mākou pūnaewele: Pehea e mālama ai i nāʻano likeʻole o ka wā? Pehea e loaʻa ai kaʻohi maikaʻi loa ma ke kula?

Pehea e ulu ai i nā'ōmato maikaʻi i ka makahiki ā puni ma nā greenhouses? He aha nāʻano e like me ka maikaʻiʻole o ka palekana a me nā hua kiʻekiʻe?

Nāʻano

ʻO Irishka i hāʻawiʻia i nā'ōpili me ka hua maikaʻi. I kaʻawelike, 9-11 kilokika o nā'ōmato eʻohiʻia i hoʻokahi mika mika. Mai ka hectare - 230-540 kg. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻonuiʻana i kākauʻia he 828 kilo ka heka.

Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohālike i ka huaʻai hua me nā mea'ē aʻe i ka papa ma lalo nei:

Hiki ke noʻonoʻoʻia nā poʻe:

• maikaʻi maikaʻi;
• hōʻole;
• ka pilikia o ka uluʻana;
• ka ulu'ōmato;
• maikaʻi ka mālama maikaʻi o nā hua.

Hui:

• kaʻikeʻana i ka'ōlohelohe;
• kūpaʻaʻole i ke anu;
• Pono nā mea kanu e pono ai.

ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia'ōpili ka hoʻoili likeʻana o ka hua. Hoʻolālā ka uluʻana o ka huaʻai i ka manawa like, e ulu ana ma hope o 25-35 mau lā. ʻAʻole i hanaʻia nā hua hou ma hope o kēia.

He ikaika nā hua, me kaʻiliʻili, i kahiʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula me kahi mea momona. ʻO kahi o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo ma kahi o ka mea hoʻomalu i ka pedicel i kahiʻole. ʻO keʻano kepoe,ʻo ke kaupaona he 100-130 g.ʻO kēlā me kēia hua mai nā lumi 4 a 8. ʻO ka helu o ka meaʻai C he 30 mg, mea maloʻo 5%, sugars 3.5%. Hiki i nā hua ke lawe ponoʻia, hiki ke mālamaʻia no nā hebedoma.

Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i ke kaumaha o nā hua Irishka me nāʻano'ē aʻe i ka papa ma lalo:

ʻO nā'ōpena o kēiaʻano likeʻole e kūpono i nā mea kanuʻai, akā ua hoʻohana pinepineʻia i nā meli no ko lākou nui a me ka maikaʻi loa.

Hoʻokaʻaʻike

ʻO keʻano o nā tumato "Irishka F1" e hōʻike houʻia ma nā kiʻi:

Nāʻano o ka uluʻana

Ponoʻia nāʻanoʻano e kanuʻia a hiki i ka lā 15 o Malaki, a ma hope o 57-65 lā hiki iā lākou ke kanuʻia i kahi paʻa. Ke kanuʻana i nā lālā ma ka lepo ākea, pono mua e uhi i nā lāʻau me ka pahemo transparent polyethylene i ka pō. ʻO ka'ōmomi o kēiaʻano likeʻole e hāʻawi nui i nā loam a me nā'āina one. Hoʻopukaʻia ka hoʻokuʻuʻana ma nā wahi kūkā me ka uhiʻole, me ka paleʻana mai nā makani ikaika.

Pono ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā manawa pinepine, ma kahi o ka wā maloʻo, a hiki i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai nā'ōpū e hua a hua. ʻO ka mea kaupale kiʻekiʻe e lawe mai i ka meaʻai mua i ka ulu lāʻau i hoʻonuiʻia ma ke alanui a ulu nui i nā wana. Ma hope o ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā'ōleʻaleʻa, e pono ana i ka mea kanu i nā'ōpona phosphorus a me ka pālolo. E hanaʻia i 3-4 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia manawa.

E heluhelu ma kā mākou pūnaewele a pau e pili ana i nā mea hoʻolālā no nā'ōmato

• ʻO ke kolake, paʻakikī, mākaukau, TOP maikaʻi loa.
• ʻO ka meaʻala, iodine, lehu, amonia, hydrogen peroxide, ākea.
• No nā mea kanu, foliar, i ka wā e pihi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka uluʻana o ka hua, e pono ke nakinakiʻia nā lāʻau. Ināʻole, hiki i ka nui o nā tōmato keʻoki i nā lālā me ko lākou kaumaha.

E heluhelu pū i kā mākou pūnaewele: No ke aha e makemakeʻia ai ka uluʻana o ka uluʻana i ka kanuʻana i nā kumomona no nā mea kanu? Pehea e hoʻohana ai i nā'ōpū a me nā momona i loko o ka māla?

He aha nāʻano o ka lepo no nā tōmato,ʻo wai keʻano o ka'āina e pono ai i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu kahiko? Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka lepo no ke kanuʻana iāʻoe?

ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha

ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea kanu o kēiaʻano likeʻole e hōʻeuʻewaʻia e ka pōʻino. Hoʻopili ka haʻalulu i ka wā he kiʻekiʻe loa ka wela. Eia kekahi laʻana, inā ua ua mau loa a ua nui ka hau. E hoʻomaka ana nā'āpana'āina a pau e lilo iʻeleʻele a maloʻo. No ka hoʻopauʻana i kēia maʻi, pono e mālamaʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Hiki ke hoʻohanaʻia nā'ōmole e like me Bravo aiʻole Ridomil. E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka palekana i ka hopena o ka'ōlohelohe a me nā mea kū'ē i nāʻano. A e pili ana hoʻi i Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticilliasis a me nā maʻi maʻamau maʻamau o nā'ōmaʻomaʻo. A e pili ana hoʻi i nā mea e kū'ē ai iā lākou.

ʻO ka hanu ka mea palekana e hōʻeha ai i nā meaʻeha.. Eia naʻe, hiki iā ia ke hahau i ka aphid ma kahi āpau. ʻO nā'ōnaehana likeʻole Decis, Iskra M, Fas, Karate, Intavir e ho'ōla i kēia maʻi. Me ka hemahema o kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka ikaika o Actellic, Pyrimor a me Fitoverm. Eia kekahi, ke kuhi pinepineʻia nā tōmato e ka'ōpū potato potato a me kona mau'ūhā, thrips, mīwī spider, slugs. Ma kāu pūnaewele eʻikeʻoe i kahi pūnaewele e pili ana i nāʻano e pili ana iā lākou:

• Pehea e hoʻolei aku ai i nā slugs a me nā mimiki spider.
• Nā mea e pale ai i ka thrips, aphids, kaʻae potato potato.

Ka Hopena

ʻO nā'ōmato maʻamau Irishka - ka hopena maikaʻi loa no nā wahi liʻiliʻi. Eia hou, ua kūpono i nā poʻe hana hanaʻole hikiʻole ke hoʻolimalima i ka manawa no ka mālamaʻana i nā mea kanu.

Ma lalo eʻikeʻoe i nā loulou i nāʻano tōkeke maʻamau me nā hua'ōlelo maʻamau: