ʻO ka pilikinoʻAmelika heʻano kahiko loa ia iʻikeʻia e nā mea kanu-amateurs a me nā mea kālepa mahiʻai.
Hoʻomaopopo ka pīpī no ko lākouʻano nani o nā kōpuku nui, nā pulp maikaʻi, nā mea pilikino kiʻekiʻe me nā mea caloric kūpono. ʻAʻole i maʻalahi ka mālamaʻana i nā lāʻau laulā, aʻo ka hoʻolele e hauʻoli i nā mea hoʻomaka.
E heluhelu i loko o kā mākouʻatikala ka weheweheʻana o nāʻano likeʻole, eʻike me nāʻano o ka pālala, e noiʻi i kāna kiʻi, e aʻo i nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka maʻi o nā maʻi a me nāʻano o ka mahiʻaiʻana.
ʻO ka mea kanuʻanoʻAmelika
Kapa inoa | WahineʻAmelika |
Nā kūlana kikowaena | kekahi o nāʻanoʻAmelika mua loa, akā, ua manaʻoʻiaʻo ia ke kūʻai o kaʻaiʻana |
ʻO ka wā hōʻike | 70-80 mau lā |
ʻO Kalikua kaʻoluʻolu | 13-18% |
Ka pinepine o kaʻoihana kūʻai | 80-120 gr |
ʻO ka nui o nā mea kanu i loko o ka nāhelehele | 10-15 |
E hāʻawi | 250-420 c / ha |
ʻO ka pono o ka meaʻai | maikaʻi nui, kūpono no ka kukeʻana i kēlā me kēia meaʻai |
Kūkākūkā | 97% |
ʻO kaʻili kele | ka puaʻa |
Pulp ka pā | keʻokeʻo |
ʻO nā wahi kanu i makemakeʻia | nāʻano likeʻole o ka lepo a me nā'iona |
ʻO ke kūlana maʻi | ʻaʻole hiki ke pale i nā hope o ka'ōpū a me ka tubers, ka maʻi kanalima, kūpono i nā hōʻailona, kū'ē i ka pale |
Nāʻano o ka uluʻana | keʻenehanaʻoihana pāhana |
Ka mea hoʻomaka | Ua hanaʻia i ka makahiki 1861 e Brenti ka mea nāna i hoʻoulu |
- ʻo nāʻanoʻano he nui loa, e kau ana mai 80 a 110 g;
- ka lōʻihi o keʻano olonā, pālahalaha ikiʻia;
- kūpono kūpono ke kūpono i ke kaumaha a me ka nui;
- he'ōniʻomaʻa ke kele, monoponic, kikokikona, mālie;
- nā kiʻi haʻahaʻa, liʻiliʻi, a nui;
- he keʻokeʻo ka pulp i keʻokiʻoki, ua hiki ke hana i kahi apo momona'āpana puaʻa;
- ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe starch,ʻaʻole emi ma lalo o 15%;
- ka nui o nā mea hoʻomalu, amino acids, huaʻai.
Nāʻano o ka'ōlaʻi
ʻO kaʻAmelikaʻAmelika e pili ana i kahi lumiʻaina, ma waena. Ke ulu mālie nei nā pūpū, ulu nui nā lāʻau ulu. Pili keʻano i kahi mahana maikaʻi a me ke kūpono kūponoakā hiki iā ia ke hoʻomanawanui i ka mahana a me ke kau maloʻo.
E heluhelu hou e pili ana i ka pehea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ai i ka'īla, ka wā a me pehea e hānai ai, pehea e hana ai i ka kanuʻana.
Ma ka papa ma lalo nei, hiki iāʻoe keʻike me nā hōʻailona e like me ka maikaʻi a me ka hāʻawiʻana o nā'ailala likeʻole:
Kapa inoa | E hāʻawi | Kūkākūkā |
WahineʻAmelika | 250-420 c / ha | 97% |
Bullfinch | 180-270 c / ha | 95% |
ʻO Rosara | 350-400 c / ha | 97% |
Molly | 390-450 c / ha | 82% |
ʻAe maikaʻi | 420-430 c / ha | 88-97% |
Latona | i ka 460 c / ha | 90% (ma muli o ka nele o condensate ma kahi mālama kālā) |
Kamensky | 500-550 | 97% (ma mua o ka paʻiʻana i nā mahana pāhao ma luna o + 3 ° C) |
Impala | 180-360 | 95% |
ʻO Timo | i ka 380 kg / ha | 96%, akā ke ulu nei nā'ōpiopio i kakahiaka |
Mālama maikaʻiʻia ka mahinaʻai, hiki hiki ke lawe.
ʻO Bush ke kiʻekiʻe, kūpono, kūlou pono. Ua nui ka nui o ka nui o nā'ōmole. He mau liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā manu me ka liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka corolla ka hana i nā pua keʻokeʻo nunui. ʻAʻole i hoʻokumuʻia nā Berries.
ʻO nā'ōpuʻu ma nāʻano'ōmaʻomaʻo he ulaʻula. Kūkulu maikaʻiʻia ke kumu pakiaka, 10-15 mau lālā i waeʻia ma lalo o kēlā me kēia ulu. He mea liʻiliʻi kekahi mea liʻiliʻi.
Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i kēiaʻano me ka like no nāʻano'ē aʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka pākaukau ma lalo nei:
Kapa inoa | ʻO ka nui o nā mea kanu i loko o ka nāhelehele |
WahineʻAmelika | i ka 15 |
Jelly | i ka 15 |
Typhoon | 6-10 mau'āpana |
Lilea | Māhele 8-15 |
Nā Tiras | 9-12 mau'āpana |
ʻO Elizabeth | aia i ka 10 |
Vega | 8-10 mau'āpana |
ʻO Romano | 8-9 mau'āpana |
ʻO ka wahine Gypsy | 6-14 mau'āpana |
Ke Kanaka Waiwai | 15-18 mau'āpana |
Kui | i ka 15 |
ʻO Pīpī hiki ke hoʻonui kēlā me kēia'āpana me nā maka, e hoʻopakele ana i nā mea kanu. Nui nā koho ka lepo māmā, ma muli o ke chernozem aiʻole ke one, hoʻolālāʻia ka wai a me nā mea'enela a me nā mineral.
He meaʻoluʻolu loa nā kōlua: hoʻoluʻolu, kaulike,ʻaʻole maloʻo aʻaʻole wai. ʻO kaʻoihana kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe ka mea e hana ai kaʻuala no ka hanaʻana i nā mea kanu pākī, ka'ūla, kaʻaila.
No ka hanaʻiaʻana o nā kīhā palaniʻaʻole kūpono. I ka wā eʻokiʻoki ai ka'ōlapa, e paʻa ka pulp i ke kala keʻokeʻo.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike
Hōʻike ka kiʻi i nāʻano pālanaʻAmelika:
Kaomi
ʻAmelika - ka inoa kaulana no nā mea kahiko kahiko Early Rose, i hānaiʻia i ka makahiki 1861 e nā mea uʻi maiʻAmelika Hui PūʻIa. I Rusia,ʻikeʻia kaʻano likeʻole i ka hopena o ke kenekuliaʻumikūmāiwa, ua ho'āʻoʻia a ua hoʻolālāʻia no kaʻoihana mahiʻoihana.
Ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli, ua'ōleloʻia nā uala no ka mahiʻaiʻana ma nā'āina mahi'āina a me nā moku'āina nā hua kiʻekiʻe a me ka ponoʻole. Hāʻawiʻia ia no Voronezh, Penza, Kursk, nā moku o Tomsk, me ka ulu maikaʻi i nā mea'ē aʻe.
I kēia lā, hoʻolaha likeʻia nāʻano likeʻole i waena o nā mea kanu hoʻolālā, i ulu ma nā mahi mahiʻai a me nāʻoihanaʻoihana. Nui,ʻo nāʻano kūpono mālama lōʻihi a kūʻai pono.
E heluhelu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālamaʻana o kaʻuala: ka manawa a me ka mahana, nā pilikia kūpono. A pehea e mālama ai i nā aʻa i ka hoʻoilo, ma luna o ka pale hau, i loko o ka friji, i nā mea huki, aiʻole.
Nā ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali
I ka mea nui ke kūlike o nāʻano e komo pū me:
- maikaʻi i ke aʻa i nā mea kanu;
- hua maikaʻi maikaʻi;
- ua mālamaʻia kaʻohiʻai no ka manawa lōʻihi;
- ka hoʻomanawanui i ka moe;
- mālama pono;
- ʻaʻole nā mea kanu e palaka;
- ke kū'ē i nā maʻi.
Nā mea kūponoʻole ʻaʻole i lakaʻia keʻano. ʻO ka pilikia paha he mea hiki i ka hopena o ka pōʻino, aʻo ka pinepineʻana o nā hōʻeha o nā mea hōʻailona'āpilikia e hoʻopilikia mai.
Nāʻano o ka uluʻana
ʻAlaʻAmelika He mea maikaʻi loa e hoʻonui me nā maka. Hoʻomākaukauʻia nāʻanoʻano nui me ka hoʻoulu uluʻana aʻokiʻoki i loko o nā'āpana me kahi pahi i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia. Hoʻomaʻaʻia ka kanuʻana inā he mahanahana ka lepo. I ka'āina maloʻo, hiki ke nānā i nā maka o ka maka.
Pono ka lepo, māmā. Ma mua o ke kanuʻana ua hanaʻia me ka humus a iʻole ka peat. I ka hoʻopaʻaʻana o nāʻano kanu, ua'ōleloʻia e hāpai i ka meaʻai me ka mullein maʻemaʻe aiʻole ka meaʻaila mineral.
Ponoʻo Bushes e hoʻopili iʻelua manawa no ka hola. Hoʻokuʻuʻia nā kiʻi hoʻokahi. No ka mālamaʻana i kahi laulā maʻamau o waena o nā lālani hiki ke lilo i mulch. Hōʻiʻia kaʻiliahi. Inā hikiʻole kāna hui, kanuʻia i ka manawa 2-3 mau manawa no kēlā me kēia manawa i ka lima, me ka lepo e hoʻomahaʻia no ka 50 cm.
No nā mea kanu o hope,ʻo nā kōlā i waeʻia e pono ana mai nā lāʻau kūpaʻa ikaika loa, aʻoi loa nā mea kanu i loaʻaʻole. Ma ka mahiʻaiʻana, ua kahakahaʻia lākou me nā liʻikuʻi, ma hope o kaʻeliʻana, ua kōmomoʻia nāʻanoʻano purale, maloʻo a mālamaʻia i kahi kaʻawale.
Pehea e kanu ai i kaʻuala ma waho o ka hilling a me ka weeding, heluheluʻia maʻaneʻi.
Ke hāʻawi aku nei mākou iāʻoe i kahi mea pono e pili ana i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o ka fungicides a me nā herbicides.
ʻO nā maʻi a me nā meaʻeha
ʻO nā mea maʻiʻAmelika likeʻole ka paʻakikī i nā maʻiʻino: nā maʻi puʻupuʻu, ka maʻi kanalima, scab. ʻO ka hopena paha o ka pōʻino. No ka paleʻana, ua hanaʻia nā mea kanu me nā pāpale keleawe. No lailaʻaʻole maʻi kahi mea kanu i kaʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, ua hoʻomapalaʻia ka lepo me ka mauʻu a me ka mauʻu'ōpiopio.
E heluhelu hoʻi e pili ana i Alternaria, Fusarium a me Verticillium.
I ke ala holo waena, hiki ke hoʻopiliʻia nā lāʻau ulu e nā aphids, ka mīpī mīnī, nā pīpokiʻo Berado. Hoʻokumuʻia ka prevention no ka hoʻokaheʻana o ka lepo me nā hoʻohui kino a me ka mālamaʻana i nāʻanoʻano kōpoki.
Hoʻomaʻiʻia nā mea kanu i hoʻopiliʻia me nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I mea eʻole e hoʻopiliʻia ka'ōpili e ka paipaʻi, pono pono e hoʻololi i nā māla no ka kanuʻana i kēlā me kēia manawa. ʻO nā'ōpala kalo, nā legumes, ka kāpena ka mea maikaʻi loa no ka'ōlaʻi.
Ua ho'āʻoʻia nā'atilaʻAmelika e nā hanauna he nui; nāʻanoʻaʻohe-degenerate. ʻO nā mea kanu no ka kanuʻana i nā mea kanu e kāʻiliʻia. He maikaʻi nā kōpura, kūpono no ke kūʻai a hoʻohana paha.
A he mau'ōlelo wale nō no ka mahiʻaiʻuala, akā no nāʻano. E heluhelu i nā mea kiko'ī e pili ana i nāʻenehana Dutch, nāʻano o nāʻano mua, nāʻano ma lalo o ka mauʻu, i nāʻeke, i nāʻala a me nā pī. A me nā wahi o ka'āina i ka honua e ulu ai i ka uala.
Ma lalo iho o ka papa eʻikeʻoe i nā loulou i nā mea e pili ana i kaʻuala a me nā hua'ōleloʻano'ē aʻe:
Wahi waena | Wahi nui i ke kakahiaka | ʻO ka hopena |
ʻO Santana | Nā Tiras | Melody |
ʻO Desiree | ʻO Elizabeth | Lorch |
Openwork | Vega | ʻO Margarita |
Lilac puaʻa | ʻO Romano | ʻO Sonny |
ʻO Yanka | Lugovskoy | Lasock |
ʻO Tuscany | Tuleyevsky | Aurora |
ʻO ke kanaka nunui | Hōʻike | ʻO Zhuravinka |