ʻO ka meaʻaiʻai

He aha ka paʻakai paʻakai

ʻO nā kumu nui i kūpono no kēlā me kēia mea kanuʻo potassium, nitrogen a me phosphorus. Hana lākou i nā pāʻani paʻakikī no ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka lepo, akā, ua hoʻokaʻawaleʻia kēlā me kēia a me ka ukuʻana no ka hemahema o kekahi mea'ē aʻe.

E hōʻike ana kēiaʻatikala i nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka paʻakai paʻakai - pehea ia, he aha ka mea kanu pālolo, ko lākou mea nui no nā mea kanu, pehea e hanaʻia ai ka paʻakai paʻakai, pehea e hoʻohanaʻia ai i ka mahiʻai, kahi mea pāpaʻa i nā mea kanu a me nā hōʻailona o kona nele.

He aha ka paʻakai paʻakai

Ka paʻakai paʻakai - He meaʻoi aku ke kolalā no loko o ka hui hanaʻole, he paʻakai paʻakai ke maʻalahiʻia ma keʻano o nā pōhaku maʻa. ʻO ka paʻakai paʻakai kahi mea lawaiʻa no nāʻoihanaʻenehana no ka hanaʻana i nā mea momona o ka momomo aʻo ka huiʻana o sylvinite, kainit a me ka pālolo pālolo.

Hanaʻia nā paʻalili paʻakai ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻuʻana a me ka hoʻonuanuʻana i ka momona o nā loko iʻa. I keʻano, waihoʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai me nā lemu a me nā papa e pili ana i ka hanana o ka paʻakai pōhaku.

Keʻike neiʻoe? I loko o kahi hōʻailona o ka hoaaloha ma Roma kahiko, ua laweʻia kēlā me kēia malihini i ka paʻakai, a ma'Īnia ka'ōlelo "Keʻai nei wau i kona paʻakai", "ʻo ia me aʻu, aʻo wau nō hoʻi."

ʻO ka unuhiʻana o ka paʻakai paʻakai

He nui nā waihona paʻakai paʻakai, a aia lākou ma nā'āina he nui o ka honua nei. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka paʻakai paʻakai ma Kanada, Rusia, Belarus, Kelemānia, USA, India, Italia, Israel, Jordan, Great Britain, Kina a me Ukraine.

ʻO nā waihona nui loa o ka paʻakai paʻakai ma Ukraine,ʻo iaʻo Stebnikovskoye a me Kalush-Golinskoye mau waihona, ma Russia - ka Perm Krai (Berezniki), a me Belarus - ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Soligorsk.

Hoʻohuiʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai, a me ka pōhaku, ma keʻano hana. He mea weliweli loa kēia, no ka mea, keʻano o ka paʻakai o ka paʻakai i ko lākou kūpono a me ka haunaele, kahi e hāʻule pinepine ai i nā minina.

Hoʻololiʻia nā kinai kūlohelohe i ka hana mechanical i loko o ka paʻakai paʻakai,ʻo ia wale nō nāʻano - O ka Kaineni a me ka Simeona. No lailaʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ponoʻia nā papa paʻakai. ʻO nā hua liʻiliʻi ka nui o nā mea kanu.

Keʻike neiʻoe? He nui nā lāhui i hana i nā keiki hou "paʻakai" i mea e pale ai iā lākou mai nāʻuhaneʻino e pili ana i nā maʻi o nā maʻi, nā maʻi, a me nā ukiuki o nā kamaliʻi.

ʻAuhea ka paʻakai paʻakai pāhana i hoʻohanaʻia i ka mahiʻai

Hoʻohanaʻia ka paʻakai paʻakai ma ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni: a me nā meaʻenehana, a me nā meaʻenehana, a me ka hanaʻana i nā aniani a me nā kopa, akā,ʻo ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka paʻakai pākīpika ma kaʻoihana mahiʻai e like me ka loiloi. ʻO ka chloride pāpona maʻamau ka mea e pono ai no ka ulu mauʻana a me ka huaʻana o nā mea kanu.

He nui nāʻanoʻano momona o nā mea kanu i hoʻohuiʻia ma luna o ka paʻakai paʻakai: ka pāhare potassium, ka magnesia pālolo, ka mea kanu pālolo, ka paʻakai paʻakai, ka paʻakai paʻakai, kainit.

I loko o ka pākenekika chloride aia nā 50-60% o ka pālolo pālolo a me kahi hui pūʻia o ka chlorine, he nui nui o ia mea he meaʻino i nā kumu hua. No laila, pono pono ke waihoʻia ma lalo o nā mea kanu i mua o ke kinona (no nā hua waina a me nā laumola) i holoiʻia ka chlorine i loko o ka hohonu o ka lepo.

Pōpila Sulphate - ka momona momona maikaʻi loa no ka mea kanu a me nā mea kanu. ʻAʻole ia he mau meaʻinoʻino o ka sodium, ka magnesium a me ka chlorine.

Ka paʻakai paʻakai e paniʻia ana he pāpaʻa pālolo pāloloʻia me sylvinite, a ua'ōleloʻia e hoʻohana wale ia no ka noiʻana i ka'auwaʻaʻo ia ka mea momona nui no kaʻeliʻana. ʻO ka māmā o ka noiʻana i ka lepo o ka paʻakai paʻakai he 30-40 g ma ka mika kaulike. Hoʻokomoʻia ka paʻakai o 40% ma keʻano he mea momona no nā mea kanu. ʻO ka paʻakai paʻakai kahi kūpono loa i ka hoʻohanaʻiaʻana e like me ka pale pale no nā beets.

Pōpila pāpona hoʻohanaʻia no ka hānaiʻana i nā mea kanu i ka manawa e ulu ai i ka hua a me nā mea kanu.

Kalimagneziya maikaʻi no ka hānaiʻana i nā mea kanu i maʻalahi i ka chlorine aʻai nui i ka magnesium me ka pālolo (flax, clover, potatoes).

'Oko lehu Ua manaʻoʻiaʻo ia kaʻaila mineral maikaʻi loa, kahi i loaʻa nā macronutrients (phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium). Laweʻiaʻo Ash i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka makahiki. He mea maikaʻi loa kaʻAha ma keʻano o ka pāpale ma luna no nā mea kanu o ke kīhāpai, nāʻuala, kāpena, nā kaomi a me nā meaʻai'ē aʻe.

Hiki ke hoʻololiʻia nā mea kanu a pau i ka wai. Loaʻa nāʻano likeʻole e kau ai i ka mea kanu i ka lepo. Ma lalo o nā hua a pau a me nā mea kanu i ka'āina ākea, e aho ka laweʻana iā lākou i loko o ka hāʻule ma lalo o kaʻeliʻana e like me ka momona nui.

Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻohanaʻia ka'āpana momona Potash i nā'āinaʻala ma ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka puna. No ka manawaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hanaʻana i nā mea hoʻokupu momona ma kahi'āina paleʻia, hiki ke hana i kēia i ka kanuʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā pale wili. Loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi i ka hoʻohanaʻana i kēia mau mea hoʻokomo i ka hāʻule.

Hoʻohana pinepineʻia nā mea kanu momona i ka hui pū me ka momomi momona aiʻole ka lime, no ka mea, ua hoʻohanohanoʻia lākou i ka waiʻona kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka nui o ka mea pāhana e hana ai i nā huawaina mai ka lepo mai, no laila e hoʻohuiʻia me nā mea fertilizers konūʻau ma ka makahiki.

ʻAʻole hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohui i ka meaʻai me ka chlorine no nā'ōmato a me ka'ailala, hōʻinoʻia ka hopena a hōʻemi i ka maloo o ka uala.

Ka hopena o ka pālolo ma luna o nā mea kanu

ʻO ka potassium pākahi kahi o nā mea nui o ka meaʻai maʻemaʻe no nā mea kanu. ʻO nāʻano mea pāpīpika heʻano likeʻole:

  • Hoʻopikikikikikikikikikona ka mea i nā kaʻina hana metabolic i loko o ke kino o ka mea kanu a pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ke kū'ēʻana i ke ala. Inā nuiʻole ka pālahalaha, a laila uaʻoi aku ka maloʻo o nā mea kanu.
  • ʻO ka pāpona pāpaʻa ka mea i komo i loko o ka meaʻenehana a me ka metabolism carbohydrate, ma ke kāpiliʻi a he hopena kūpono hoʻi ia i ke kūkuluʻiaʻana o nā meaʻenehana a me nā hana hoʻonāʻau. Inā pauʻole ka pālahalaha o ka mea kanu, a laila uaʻaloʻia ka inoa o ka neʻeneʻe, a ua hoʻopilikiaʻia ke kaʻina hana metabolic.
  • Hoʻonuiʻia ka hanu hau o nā mea kanu a kōkua i ke kūkuluʻana i ka maʻi palekana i nā maʻi likeʻole.
  • Hoʻopili ia i nā enzymes e pili ana i ka hāeʻaʻana o nā'ōpelu, a ke hāpai i ka uluʻana o ka'ūlapa nui a me ka paʻakai o ka beets a me nā kumu aʻa.
  • Hāʻawi ia i ka palekana a me ka ikaika i nā mea kanu e like me ka ulu o kaʻoihana. Ma muli o ka nele o ka pākīpika, ua kāohiʻia nā'ōpiopio o nā mea kanu, a ma muli o ka hopena, ua ulu mālie nā'ōpiopio o nā meaʻeleʻele,ʻaʻole i ulu nā hua, a me ka uluʻana o germination.
  • Hoʻonui i ka hāmole pūnaewele.
  • Kōkua e hoʻohuli i nā monosaccharides i poly-a me oligosaccharides.
  • Hoʻonui i ka pua nani a me ka huaʻona piha.
  • Hāpai ia i ka hōʻiliʻili me ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe a me ka hoʻomaluʻana i ka hoʻonui.
Keʻike neiʻoe? Uaʻikeʻia ka mea kanu mua e ka haole Pelekāniaʻo Davy a kapaʻia kona inoaʻo "potas", aʻo ka inoa "potassium" i'ōleloʻia i 1809 e L. L. Gilbert. Ma keʻano, hiki ke loaʻa ka pāpona i ka wai kai a iʻole nā ​​mineral.

Nā hōʻailona o ka paʻakai i nā mea kanu

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka pōkole i loko o nā mea kanu pālolo.

  • Ua uhiʻia nā lau me nā'ōhūʻulaʻula.
  • ʻO ka pauʻana o nāʻaoʻao a me nā'ōlelo o nā lau.
  • ʻO kaʻilima o ke kiko e loliʻia, hoʻomaka mālie a lilo i pale i keʻano.
  • Ua hoʻokumuʻia ka'ōnaehana pakiaka, a ma muli o ka hopena o ka hopena. E liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi nā hua.
  • Kūkulu nā kumu i nā maʻi likeʻole.

He mea nui! ʻO nā mea kanu likeʻole he mea'ē aʻe no ka mea pālolo. ʻO ka'ōleʻaleʻa, ka'ailala, ka beets, ka kāpena, ka buckwheat a me nā lāʻau hua e pono i kēia kumumanaʻo.

ʻO ka lepo e hoʻopiha i ka mea pālolo

ʻO keʻano a me nā hiʻohiʻona o ka lepo e hoʻololi i ka mea pāpona i loko. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālamaʻana i nā lepo kaumaha (clay, loam), aʻo ia ka helu o ka mea pono ke 3%. I ka māmā o ka lepo (one a me ke one) he emi iki,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 0.05%. ʻAʻole pono ka hānaiʻana i kēiaʻano o nā paʻakai paʻakai a he lepoʻeleʻele wale nō.

He mea nui! ʻO ka lepo nui nā meaʻilihune e pili ana i nā mea pāpona.
ʻO ka nui o ka pāhare pākika aia ma ka'ōpili honua kiʻekiʻe, akāʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻouluʻia kahi nui o ka māhele e nā mea kanu, no ka mea, he māhele ia o nā mea lāʻau hikiʻole ke hoʻopiliʻia. A aia wale nō 10% o ka pālolo pālolo e loaʻa ai no ka lawe.

ʻO ia ke kumu, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka huaʻai, pono e hoʻopihaʻia ka nele o nā meaʻai i nā mea kanu momona. Kūleʻa lākou i ka wai, a hiki ke hoʻolakoʻia ka mea pālolo no nā mea kanu.

ʻO nā mea kanu momona - kekahi o nā maniʻi manaila nui i hoʻohanaʻia i ka mahiʻai. ʻO ka noi ponoʻana o ka pāpale ma luna pono eʻae iāʻoe e loaʻa kahi'āpana maikaʻi a pale iāʻoe iho mai nā maʻi a me nā maʻi.